# US 10,478,700 B2 · Golf swing analysis from pre-strike sound > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,478,700 B2 - Document ID: US10478700B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/057,869 - Filed: 2018-08-08 - Published: 2018-12-06 - Granted: 2019-11-19 - Earliest claimed: 2015-12-31 - Assignees: NIKE, Inc. - Applicants: NIKE, Inc. - Inventors: Nicholas A. Leech - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10478700B2 ## CPC - A63B 69/3632: {Clubs or attachments on clubs, e.g. for measuring, aligning (A63B69/3614 takes precedence; clubs for swinging exercises in general A63B15/00)} - G01L 1/255: {using acoustic waves, or acoustic emission (G01L1/10 and G01L1/16 take precedence)} - G06V 40/23: {Recognition of whole body movements, e.g. for sport training} - A63B 60/42: Devices for measuring, verifying, correcting or customising the inherent characteristics of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like, e.g. measuring the maximum torque a batting shaft can withstand - A63B 2071/0625: {Emitting sound, noise or music} - A63B 2220/30: Speed - A63B 2220/53: Force of an impact, e.g. blow or punch - A63B 2220/803: Motion sensors - A63B 2220/808: Microphones - A63B 2225/50: Wireless data transmission, e.g. by radio transmitters or telemetry - A63B 2225/74: with powered illuminating means, e.g. lights - G06F 1/1626: {with a single-body enclosure integrating a flat display, e.g. Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs]} - G08C 2201/93: Remote control using other portable devices, e.g. mobile phone, PDA, laptop - A63B: APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT (apparatus for passive exercising, massage A61H) - G01L: MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE (weighing G01G) - G06V: IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - G08C: TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS (fluid pressure transmitting systems F15B; mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member into a different variable G01D5/00; mechanical control systems G05G) ## Abstract A system, device, and methods include or utilize a microphone, a processor, and a user interface. The microphone senses sound and in response outputs a sound signal indicative of the sound. The processor is coupled to the microphone to receive the sound signal, configured to analyze the sound signal to identify in the sound signal an impact of a golf club with a golf ball during a swing of the golf club and determine a characteristic of the swing of the golf club based on a portion of the sound signal corresponding to sound sensed, at least in part, before the impact. The user interface is coupled to the processor and configured to display information related to the characteristic of the swing as determined by the processor. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system, comprising: a microphone that senses sound and in response outputs a sound signal indicative of the sound; a processor, coupled to the microphone to receive the sound signal, configured to analyze the sound signal to: identify in the sound signal an impact of a golf club with a golf ball during a swing of the golf club; and determine a characteristic of the swing of the golf club based on a portion of the sound signal corresponding to sound sensed, at least in part, before the impact; and a user interface, coupled to the processor, configured to display information related to the characteristic of the swing as determined by the processor. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the sound signal includes an intensity of the sound over time and wherein the processor is further configured to: identify a time of impact based on a local minimum of the intensity that corresponds to a rate of change of the intensity transcending a threshold; and determine the characteristic of the swing from the portion of the sound signal corresponding to a predetermined time period ending at the time of impact. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The system of claim 2, wherein the processor is further configured to determine the characteristic of the swing based on a sound pressure level of the portion of the sound signal during the predetermined time period. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the sound signal includes an intensity of the sound over time and wherein the processor is further configured to: identify a time of impact based on a local maximum of the intensity that corresponds to a rate of change of the intensity transcending a threshold; and determine the characteristic of the swing from the sound signal corresponding to a predetermined time period ending at the time of impact. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The system of claim 4, wherein the processor is further configured to determine the characteristic of the swing based on a sound pressure level of the sound signal, as filtered through a low pass filter having a cutoff of approximately 500 Hertz, during the predetermined time period. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The system of claim 4, wherein the processor is further configured to determine the characteristic of the swing based on a peak frequency amplitude of the sound signal as filtered through a low pass filter having a cutoff of approximately 500 Hertz, during the predetermined time period. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, further comprising a mobile electronic device, wherein the microphone, the processor, and the user interface are components of the mobile electronic device. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the processor, in determining the characteristic of the golf club swing, determines a speed of at least a head of the golf club before the impact. ### Claim 9 A non-transitory computer readable medium, comprising instructions which, when implemented on a processor, cause the processor to perform operations comprising: identify, in a sound signal obtained from a microphone, an impact of a golf club with a golf ball during a swing of the golf club; determine a characteristic of the swing of the golf club based on a portion of the sound signal corresponding to sound sensed, at least in part, before the impact; and cause a user interface to display information related to the characteristic of the swing as determined by the processor. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 9, wherein the sound signal includes an intensity of the sound over time and further comprising instructions which cause the processor to: identify a time of impact based on a local minimum of the intensity that corresponds to a rate of change of the intensity transcending a threshold; and determine the characteristic of the portion of the swing from the sound signal corresponding to a predetermined time period ending at the time of impact. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 10, further comprising instructions which cause the processor to determine the characteristic of the swing based on a sound pressure level of the portion of the sound signal during the predetermined time period. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 9, wherein the sound signal includes an intensity of the sound over time and further comprising instructions which cause the processor to: identify a time of impact based on a local maximum of the intensity that corresponds to a rate of change of the intensity transcending a threshold; and determine the characteristic of the swing from the sound signal corresponding to a predetermined time period ending at the time of impact. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 12, further comprising instructions which cause the processor to determine the characteristic of the swing based on a sound pressure level of the sound signal, as filtered through a low pass filter having a cutoff frequency of approximately 500 Hertz, during the predetermined time period. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 12, further comprising instructions which cause the processor to determine the characteristic of the swing based on a peak frequency amplitude of the sound signal, as filtered through a low pass filter having a cutoff of approximately 500 Hertz, during the predetermined time period. ### Claim 15 (depends on 9) The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 9, wherein the characteristic is a speed of at least a head of the golf club before the impact. ### Claim 16 A method, comprising: receiving, from a microphone, sound signal based on the sound sensed by the microphone; identifying, using one or more processors, in the sound signal obtained from a microphone, an impact of a golf club with a golf ball during a swing of the golf club; determining, using the one or more processors, a characteristic of the swing of the golf club based on a portion of the sound signal corresponding to sound sensed, at least in part, before the impact; and generating, using the one or more processors, a user interface to display information related to the characteristic of the swing as determined by the processor. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein the sound signal includes an intensity of the sound over time and further comprising: identifying, with the processor, a time of impact based on a local minimum of the intensity that corresponds to a rate of change of the intensity transcending a threshold; and determining, with the processor, the characteristic of the swing from the portion of the sound signal corresponding to a predetermined time period ending at the time of impact. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, further comprising determining, with the processor, the characteristic of the swing based on a sound pressure level of the portion of the sound signal during the predetermined time period. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein the sound signal includes an intensity of the sound over time and further comprising: identifying, with the processor a time of impact based on a local maximum of the intensity that corresponds to a rate of change of the intensity transcending a threshold; and determining, with the processor, the characteristic of the swing from the sound signal corresponding to a predetermined time period ending at the time of impact. ### Claim 20 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein the characteristic is a speed of at least a head of the golf club before the impact.