# US 10,478,649 B2 · Sealant having fireworthy properties for use with aircraft parts

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- Number: US 10,478,649 B2
- Document ID: US10478649B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/697,266
- Filed: 2017-09-06
- Published: 2019-01-03
- Granted: 2019-11-19
- Earliest claimed: 2016-09-06
- Assignees: The Patent Well LLC
- Applicants: The Patent Well LLC
- Inventors: Peter Sibello; Jeff Busby; Chad Knight; Kent Boomer; Matt Boyd
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10478649B2

## CPC

- A62C 3/08: in aircraft {(A62C3/0207 takes precedence)}
- C09K 3/1021: {Polyurethanes or derivatives thereof}
- A62C 2/06: Physical fire-barriers
- B32B 5/022: {Non-woven fabric}
- B32B 5/024: {Woven fabric}
- B32B 5/026: {Knitted fabric}
- B32B 7/06: permitting easy separation
- B32B 15/02: {Layer formed of wires, e.g. mesh}
- B32B 15/18: comprising iron or steel {(B32B15/011, B32B15/012 and B32B15/013 take precedence)}
- B32B 15/20: comprising aluminium or copper {(B32B15/016 and B32B15/017 take precedence)}
- B32B 27/00: Layered products comprising {a layer of} synthetic resin {(fibrous or filamentary layer made of a synthetic resin B32B5/02; particulate layer made of a synthetic resin B32B5/16; foamed layer made of a synthetic resin B32B5/18)}
- B32B 27/08: of synthetic resin
- B32B 27/12: next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B 27/32: comprising polyolefins {(comprising vinyl (co)polymers or acrylic (co)polymers B32B27/30)}
- B32B 27/322: {comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE}
- B32B 27/34: comprising polyamides
- B64C 1/18: Floors
- C08G 18/40: High-molecular-weight compounds {(C08G18/2805 takes precedence)}
- C08G 18/70: characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- F16J 15/022: {characterised by structure or material}
- F16J 15/065: {fire resistant}
- F16J 15/104: {characterised by structure}
- F16J 15/122: {generally parallel to the surfaces}
- G01N 25/50: by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility
- B32B 2250/02: 2 layers
- B32B 2250/03: 3 layers
- B32B 2250/40: Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
- B32B 2255/02: on fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B 2255/10: on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
- B32B 2255/205: Metallic coating
- B32B 2262/02: Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B 2262/0261: Polyamide fibres
- B32B 2262/0276: Polyester fibres
- B32B 2262/062: Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
- B32B 2262/08: Animal fibres, e.g. hair, wool, silk
- B32B 2262/101: Glass fibres
- B32B 2262/106: Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
- B32B 2266/12: Gel
- B32B 2307/202: Conductive
- B32B 2307/3065: Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
- B32B 2307/714: Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
- B32B 2307/732: Dimensional properties
- B32B 2307/748: Releasability
- B32B 2581/00: Seals; Sealing equipment; Gaskets
- B32B 2605/18: Aircraft
- B64D 2045/009: {Fire detection or protection; Erosion protection, e.g. from airborne particles}
- C08G 2190/00: Compositions for sealing or packing joints
- E04B 1/948: {Fire-proof sealings or joints (for doors or windows E06B5/164)}
- A62C: FIRE-FIGHTING (fire-extinguishing compositions, use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires A62D1/00; spraying, applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces in general B05; alarm arrangements G08B, e.g. fire alarms actuated by smoke or gases G08B17/10)
- C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- B32B: LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B64C: AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- C08G: MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- F16J: PISTONS {(specially adapted for dampers F16F9/32)}; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q)
- B64D: EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- E04B: GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS (border constructions of opening in walls, floors or ceilings E06B1/00; {electromagnetic shielding H05K9/0001})

## Abstract

Fireworthy sealants may be have a variety of compositions and be made by a variety of techniques. In certain implementations, a fireworthy sealant may include a body comprised of a cured, tacky, soft, deformable non-adhesive gel. The gel body may have an upper surface, a lower surface, and a perimeter, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the gel body, in an uncompressed state, define a body thickness. The sealant may, in an uncompressed state, be dimensioned to fit in a first opening between a wall and an aircraft component surface and deformable when under compression to fit in a second opening, smaller than the first opening. The sealant may be flame retardant and produce low smoke density and low smoke toxicity.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A sealant comprising a body and a skeleton encapsulated by the body:
the body comprising a cured, tacky, soft, deformable, non-adhesive gel, the gel body having an upper surface, a lower surface, and a perimeter, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the gel body, in an uncompressed state, define a body thickness; and
the skeleton comprising multiple openings for encapsulation by the gel body, the skeleton having an upper surface, a lower surface, and a perimeter;
the sealant in an uncompressed state dimensioned to fit in a first opening between a wall and an aircraft component surface and deformable when under compression to fit in a second opening, smaller than the first opening;
wherein the sealant has toxicity limits of less than about: 150 PPM HCN, 1000 PPM CO, 100 PPM NO/NO2, 100 PPM SO2, 100 PPM HF, and 150 PPM HCl under AITM 3-0005, Issue 2; and
wherein the sealant passes 12 second vertical burn test according to 14 CFR, Part 25—Subpart D, § 25.853(a) compartment interiors.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The sealant of claim 1, wherein the gel is 100% solid (no VOCs).

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The sealant of claim 1, wherein the sealant has a smoke density of 200 maximum at about 4.0 minutes under AITM2-0007A, Issue 3.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The sealant of claim 1, wherein the sealant comprises a two-part polymer, the first part comprising a polyol and the second part comprising an isocyanate, the two parts when combined curing to form the gel of the gel body, and wherein the skeleton is comprised of a nylon, polypropylene, or fiberglass having a thickness less than about 0.033″.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The sealant of claim 1, wherein the body comprises a polyurethane gel with a molecular weight range is between about 200 to 20,000.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The sealant of claim 1, wherein the tackiness of the sealant is between about 10 and 40 psi.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The sealant of claim 1, wherein the sealant passes the 3000 hour salt fog test according to ASTMB 117.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The sealant of claim 1, wherein the body contains no silicone or silicone oil.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The sealant of claim 1, wherein the sealant substantially recovers its original dimensional configuration in less than one minute after 180 days under compression between about 150 and 350 psi.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The sealant of claim 1, wherein the sealant has a smoke density of 200 maximum at 4.0 min. under AITM2-0007A, Issue 3.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The sealant of claim 10, wherein the sealant comprises a two-part polymer, the first part comprising a polyol and the second part comprising isocyanate, the two parts when combined curing to form the gel of the gel body.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The sealant of claim 10, wherein the gel body comprises a cured polyurethane gel of molecular weight between about 200 and 20,000.

### Claim 13 (depends on 10)

The sealant of claim 10, wherein the skeleton is either nylon or woven fiberglass and less than about 0.033″ thick.

### Claim 14 (depends on 10)

The sealant of claim 10, wherein the volume ratio of gel body to skeleton is in the range of about 3 to 1 and 7 to 1.

### Claim 15 (depends on 10)

The sealant of claim 10, wherein the cured hardness of the gel body is between about 40 and 150 measured by 35 gr. cone penetrometer.

### Claim 16 (depends on 10)

The sealant of claim 10, wherein the body further includes a corrosion inhibiting composition.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1)

The sealant of claim 1, wherein the body thickness is greater than a skeleton thickness.

### Claim 18 (depends on 1)

The sealant of claim 1, wherein the sealant is resistant to degradation upon exposure to common aviation fluids.

### Claim 19 (depends on 1)

The sealant of claim 1, wherein the sealant is a single sided sticky sealant, the sealant provided with a skin on one side of the body, the skin having a surface distal from the body that is non-sticky.

### Claim 20

A device for providing an environmental seal to an aircraft assembly comprising a first part and a spaced apart second part, the two parts forming a gap, the device comprising:
a sealant comprising a skeleton and a body encapsulating the skeleton, wherein the body is comprised of a cured polyurethane gel, resulting from a mix of a polyol and isocyanate, the sealant having fireworthiness properties and passing the following tests:
wherein the sealant has toxicity limits of less than about: 150 PPM HCN, 1000 PPM CO, 100 PPM NO/NO2, 100 PPM SO2, 100 PPM HF, and 150 PPM HCl under AITM 3-0005, Issue 2;
wherein the sealant passes 12 second vertical burn test according to 14 CFR, Part 25—Subpart D, § 25.853(a) compartment interiors;
wherein the sealant has a smoke density of Ds maximum at about 4.0 min. of under 200 AITM2-0007A, Issue 3;
wherein the skeleton is comprised of a nylon or fiberglass mesh having a thickness less than about 0.033″; and
the body having a tackiness of between 5 and 50 psi; and
wherein the volume of gel/skeleton is in the range of about 3/1 to 7/1.

### Claim 21

A method for releasably, environmentally sealing a pair of opposing, gap forming, fastener engaging surfaces of aircraft parts, the method comprising the steps of:
providing an adhesive-free elastomeric, tacky sealant having a layer of polyurethane gel encapsulating a skeleton, the sealant having fireworthiness properties;
placing the sealant in the gap between the surfaces; and
compressing the opposing surfaces by tightening the fasteners, and closing the gap contacting the sealant, thereby providing a substantially fluid and air tight seal between the opposed mating surfaces with the sealant substantially filling the gap;
wherein the sealant has a smoke density of 200 maximum at 4.0 min. under 200 AITM2-0007A, Issue 3;
wherein the sealant has toxicity limits of less than about: 150 PPM HCN, 1000 PPM CO, 100 PPM NO/NO2, 100 PPM SO2, 100 PPM HF, and 150 PPM HCl under AITM 3-0005, Issue 2; and
wherein the sealant passes 12 second vertical burn test according to 14 CFR, Part 25—Subpart D, § 25.853(a) compartment interiors.

### Claim 22 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the sealant of the providing step has a tackiness between about 5 and 50 psi.

### Claim 23 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the tightening of the compressing step continues until the sealant visibly deforms.

### Claim 24 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the body comprises a polyurethane gel and the molecular weight range is between about 200 to 20,000.

### Claim 25 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the sealant passes the 3000 hour salt fog test according to ASTMB 117.

### Claim 26 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the body of sealant is deformable under compression.

### Claim 27 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the sealant substantially recovers its original dimensional configuration after 180 days under compression between about 150 and 350 psi.

### Claim 28 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the skeleton is either nylon or woven fiberglass and less than about 0.033″ thick.

### Claim 29 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the sealant is resistant to degradation upon exposure to common aviation fluids.

### Claim 30 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the sealant is a single sided sticky sealant, the sealant provided with a skin on one side of the body, the skin having a surface distal from the body that is non-sticky.