# US 10,478,015 B2 · Self-heating assembly with distributed reactant > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,478,015 B2 - Document ID: US10478015B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/076,996 - Filed: 2016-03-22 - Published: 2016-11-24 - Granted: 2019-11-19 - Earliest claimed: 2015-03-27 - Assignees: Tempra Technology, Inc. - Applicants: Tempra Technology, Inc. - Inventors: Cullen M. Sabin; Alan James Maskell; Michael Sheppard Bolmer - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10478015B2 ## CPC - A47J 36/28: Warming devices generating the heat by exothermic reactions, e.g. heat released by the contact of unslaked lime with water - B65D 81/3484: {Packages having self-contained heating means, e.g. heating generated by the reaction of two chemicals (warming devices A47J36/24)} - F24V 30/00: Apparatus or devices using heat produced by exothermal chemical reactions other than combustion - A47J: KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES - B65D: CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES - F24V: COLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR ## Abstract A self-heating assembly includes a product container for holding a product to be heated and a heater container coupled to the product container. There is a reaction space between the product container and the heater container. There is a support structure (made, for example, of open cell foam) in the reaction space and a granular second reactant distributed throughout the support structure. There is a liquid first reactant in the reaction space. A frangible membrane is configured so that, when intact, it separates the liquid first reactant from the support structure and from the granular second reactant. The liquid first reactant and the granular second reactant are adapted to exothermically react upon contact with one another. The support structure is permeable to the liquid first reactant and is configured to support and substantially maintain the distribution of the granular second reactant throughout the support structure before and during the exothermic chemical reaction. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A self-heating assembly comprising: a product container for holding a product to be heated; a heater container coupled to the product container; a reaction space between the product container and the heater container; an open cell foam support structure in the reaction space; a granular second reactant distributed throughout the open cell foam support structure; a liquid first reactant in the reaction space; and a frangible membrane in the reaction space configured so that, when intact, it separates the liquid first reactant from the open cell foam support structure and from the granular second reactant, wherein the liquid first reactant and the granular second reactant are adapted to exothermically react upon contact with one another, wherein the open cell foam support structure is permeable to the liquid first reactant and is configured to support and substantially maintain the distribution of the granular second reactant throughout the open cell foam support structure before and during the exothermic chemical reaction, and wherein individual granules of the second granular material have grain sizes that result in the individual granules being supported atop the open cell foam support structure. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The self-heating assembly of claim 1, wherein the frangible membrane is above the open cell foam support structure in the reaction space. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The self-heating assembly of claim 1, wherein the frangible membrane is below the open cell foam support structure in the reaction space. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The self-heating assembly of claim 1, wherein the open cell foam support structure extends across an entire width of the reaction space. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The self-heating assembly of claim 4, wherein the granular second reactant is dispersed, substantially uniformly, across an entire width of the open cell foam support structure so as to produce substantially even heating across the entire width of the reaction space when the liquid first reactant and the granular second reactant exothermically react. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The self-heating assembly of claim 1, wherein the product container and the heater container are movable toward one another to reduce a volume in the reaction space and to urge the liquid first reactant into the open cell foam support structure. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The self-heating assembly of claim 1, further comprising a cutting element that is moveable to rupture the frangible membrane. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The self-heating assembly of claim 7, wherein the cutting element is configured such that when the product container and the heater container are moved toward one another, the cutting element also moves to rupture the frangible membrane. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The self-heating assembly of claim 7, wherein the cutting element is configured to move through a slot in the open cell foam support structure as it moves to rupture the frangible membrane. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The self-heating assembly of claim 9, further comprising: a handle coupled to the cutting element and exposed for manipulation by a user, wherein manipulation of the handle causes the cutting element to move through the slot in the open cell foam support structure to rupture the frangible membrane and causes the product container and the heater container to move toward one another. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The self-heating assembly of claim 1, wherein the frangible membrane is part of a frangible container that, when intact, contains the liquid first reactant. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The self-heating assembly of claim 11, wherein the frangible container has an extension that is bent upward from a plane occupied by other portions of the frangible container and into a plane occupied by the open cell foam support structure, and wherein a cutting element is configured to rupture the extension of the frangible container. ### Claim 13 (depends on 7) The self-heating assembly of claim 7, wherein the cutting element comprises: a shaft that extends at least partially across the reaction space between the frangible membrane and the open cell foam support structure; and one or more cutting blades attached to the shaft, wherein the shaft, with the attached one or more cutting blades, is rotatable about an axis of the shaft, such that said rotation causes the one or more cutting blades to pierce a surface of the frangible membrane. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The self-heating assembly of claim 13, further comprising: a knob exposed for manipulation by a user at an outer surface of the self-heating assembly, wherein the knob is physically attached to the shaft. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The self-heating assembly of claim 14, wherein the shaft is supported, at an end opposite the knob, by a bearing at an inner surface of the reaction space. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The self-heating assembly of claim 1, further comprising a means for moving the product container and the heater container toward one another. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The self-heating assembly of claim 16, wherein the means for moving of the product container and the heater container toward one another is selected from the group consisting of: a press-down activator, a lever activator, a spring-loaded activator, and a rotary lever-latch activator. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The self-heating assembly of claim 1, wherein the product container and the heater container are both trays or both bowls. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The self-heating assembly of claim 1, further comprising a food product in the product container. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) The self-heating assembly of claim 1, wherein some granules of the granular second reactant are wedged inside open cells of the open cell foam and held in place by virtue of being so wedged. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The self-heating assembly of claim 20, wherein the open cell foam support structure extends entirely across a width of the reaction space, such that outer edges of the open cell foam support structure press relatively tightly against inner sidewalls of the heater container to help prevent any loose granules from migrating around within the self-heating assembly. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) The self-heating assembly of claim 1, wherein the open cell foam support structure substantially restricts movement of the granular second reactant side-to-side in the reaction space during the exothermic chemical reaction. ### Claim 23 (depends on 1) The self-heating assembly of claim 1, wherein the open cell foam support structure is a solid, cellular structure that has a predominance of interconnected cells, and wherein the interconnected cells enable the granular second reactant to be dispersed and distributed throughout and supported by the open cell foam support structure. ### Claim 24 A self-heating assembly comprising: a product container for holding a product to be heated; a heater container coupled to the product container; a reaction space between the product container and the heater container; an open cell foam support structure in the reaction space; a granular second reactant distributed throughout the open cell foam support structure; a liquid first reactant in the reaction space; and a frangible membrane in the reaction space configured so that, when intact, it separates the liquid first reactant from the open cell foam support structure and from the granular second reactant, wherein the liquid first reactant and the granular second reactant are adapted to exothermically react upon contact with one another, wherein the open cell foam support structure is permeable to the liquid first reactant and is configured to support and substantially maintain the distribution of the granular second reactant throughout the open cell foam support structure before and during the exothermic chemical reaction, and wherein individual granules of the second granular material are sized so that at least some of the individual granules are able to pass into an open cellular structure of the open cell foam support structure and be supported within the open cell foam support structure and at least some of the individual granules are supported atop the open cell foam support structure without passing into any open cell of the open cell foam support structure. ### Claim 25 A self-heating assembly comprising: a product container for holding a product to be heated; a heater container coupled to the product container; a reaction space between the product container and the heater container; an open cell foam support structure in the reaction space; a granular second reactant distributed throughout the open cell foam support structure; a liquid first reactant in the reaction space; and a frangible membrane in the reaction space configured so that, when intact, it separates the liquid first reactant from the open cell foam support structure and from the granular second reactant, wherein the liquid first reactant and the granular second reactant are adapted to exothermically react upon contact with one another, and wherein the open cell foam support structure is permeable to the liquid first reactant and is configured to support and substantially maintain the distribution of the granular second reactant throughout the open cell foam support structure before and during the exothermic chemical reaction, wherein the open cell foam support structure extends entirely across a width of the reaction space, such that outer edges of the open cell foam support structure press relatively tightly against inner sidewalls of the heater container, wherein some granules of the granular second reactant are wedged inside open cells of the open cell foam and held in place by virtue of being so wedged, wherein individual granules of the second granular material are sized so that at least some of the individual granules are able to pass into an open cellular structure of the open cell foam support structure and be supported within the open cell foam support structure and at least some of the individual granules are supported atop the open cell foam support structure without passing into any open cell of the open cell foam support structure.