Light-emitting element, display panel, display device, electronic device and method for producing light-emitting element

A light-emitting element comprising:

• a substrate;
• an interlayer insulating layer on the substrate;
• a first electrode;
• an electroluminescence layer including at least a light-emitting layer;
• and
• a second electrode, the first electrode, the electroluminescence layer, and the second electrode being layered in this order on the substrate with the interlayer insulating layer interposed between the substrate and the first electrode,
• wherein one electrode out of the first electrode and the second electrode includes a reflective electrode,
• at least one trench having an indented shape is formed within a single light-emitting region,
• the at least one trench includes the first electrode, the electroluminescence layer, and the second electrode layered in this order and in contact with each other,
• a concave-convex portion of submicron order configured to diffract surface plasmons is provided on a surface of the reflective electrode on a side closer to the electroluminescence layer;
• wherein the at least one trench comprises a plurality of trenches, the plurality of trenches are disposed within the light-emitting region;
• and
• wherein the plurality of trenches form, within a single trench in plan view, a step-shaped trench including at least one sub trench having a size smaller than a size of the single trench.