Identifying a layout error

A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions executable by a processor to:

• collect first object model data from a first application state generated in a first browser mode, wherein the first object model data comprises a code-based representation of a first layout element and a second layout element of the first application state;
• identify through optical character recognition, optical characters on a screenshot of the first application state, the screenshot of the first application state comprising a visual rendering of the first layout element in the first browser mode;
• compare, in a first comparison and according to a layout error detection rule, a first attribute of the first layout element with a second attribute of the first layout element or of the second layout element;
• compare, in a second comparison, an attribute of the optical characters on the screenshot with the first attribute of the first layout element;
• and
• identify a layout error corresponding to the first layout element based on the first comparison of the first attribute with the second attribute and based on the second comparison of the attribute of the optical characters with the first attribute of the first layout element.