Wafer level microstructures for an optical lens

A lens, comprising:

• a substrate including a first surface, and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the first substrate having a first refractive index;
• a first diffractive anti-reflective layer on the first surface of the substrate, the first diffractive anti-reflective layer including a first diffractive microstructure having a second refractive index and including a first portion having a first height and a second portion having a second height that is different from the first height;
• and
• a first protective layer on the first surface of the substrate and the first diffractive microstructure, the first protective layer having a third refractive index;
• a second diffractive anti-reflective layer on the second surface of the substrate, the second diffractive anti-reflective layer including a second diffractive microstructure having a fourth refractive index;
• and
• a second protective layer on the second surface of the substrate and the second diffractive microstructure, the second protective layer having a fifth refractive index, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth refractive indexes being different from each other,
• wherein each of the first height and the second height of the first diffractive microstructure is sized to cause destructive interference between a first light that is reflected from an interface between the substrate and the first diffractive microstructure and a second light that is reflected from an interface between the first diffractive microstructure and the first protective layer.

A lens, comprising;

• a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the substrate being made of a first material having a first refractive index;
• a first diffractive anti-reflective layer on the first surface of the substrate, the first diffractive anti-reflective layer being made of a second material having a second refractive index, the first diffractive anti-reflective layer including a first plurality of diffractive microstructures having a plurality of different heights and widths;
• a first immersive layer on the first surface of the substrate and the first diffractive anti-reflective layer, the first plurality of diffractive microstructures being separated from each other by portions of the first immersive layer that contact the first surface of the substrate;
• a second diffractive anti-reflective layer on the second surface of the substrate, the second diffractive anti-reflective layer being made of a third material having a third refractive index, the second diffractive anti-reflective layer including a second plurality of diffractive microstructures having a plurality of different heights and widths, the first, second, and third, refractive indexes being different from each other;
• and
• a second immersive layer on the second surface of the substrate and the second diffractive anti-reflective layer, the second plurality of diffractive microstructures being separated from each other by portions of the second immersive layer that contact the second surface of the substrate.

A lens, comprising:

• a substrate including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface;
• a first diffractive anti-reflective layer on the first surface, the first diffractive anti-reflective layer having a first refractive index, the first diffractive anti-reflective layer including a plurality of diffractive microstructures having a plurality of different heights;
• a first protective layer on the first diffractive anti-reflective layer, the first protective layer having a second refractive index that is different from the first refractive index;
• a first coating on the first protective layer, the first coating being an optical filter coating or an anti-reflective coating;
• a second diffractive anti-reflective layer on the second surface, the second diffractive anti-reflective layer having a third refractive index, the second diffractive anti-reflective layer including a plurality of diffractive microstructures;
• a second protective layer on the second diffractive anti-reflective layer, the second protective layer having a fourth refractive index that is different from the third refractive index;
• and
• a second coating on the second protective layer, the second coating being an optical filter coating or an anti-reflective coating.