Silane based surfaces with extreme wettabilities

A coated porous material comprising:

• a porous substrate having a surface comprising hydroxyl groups thereon;
• and
• a coating disposed on the surface of the porous substrate together defining a coated surface that is both superhydrophilic, having a first apparent advancing dynamic contact angle of less than or equal to about 5° for water and oleophobic, having a second apparent advancing dynamic contact angle of greater than or equal to about 90° for a preselected oil, wherein the coating consists of a low surface energy fluoroalkyl silane having a surface tension of less than or equal to about 35 mN/m reacted with hydroxyl groups on the surface of the porous substrate and an optional solvent that does not modify the first apparent advancing dynamic contact angle and the second apparent advancing dynamic contact angle, wherein the low surface energy fluoroalkyl silane is selected from a group consisting of:
• heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl triethoxysilane, heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl trichlorosilane, heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrooctyl trichlorosilane, tridecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrooctyl triethoxysilane, nonafluorohexyl triethoxysilane, and combinations thereof.