# US 10,455,477 B2 · Cellular communication system utilizing upgraded moving relays and methods useful in conjunction therewith > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,455,477 B2 - Document ID: US10455477B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/156,045 - Filed: 2016-05-16 - Published: 2016-11-24 - Granted: 2019-10-22 - Earliest claimed: 2011-03-10 - Assignees: Elta Systems Ltd. - Applicants: Elta Systems Ltd. - Inventors: Yaakov Shoshan; Adi Schwartz; Gil Koifman - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10455477B2 ## CPC - H04W 40/22: using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point - H04B 7/15542: {Selecting at relay station its transmit and receive resources (selection of wireless resources by user or terminal H04W72/02; arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path by two-dimensional division of the resources H04L5/0003, or by allocating sub-channels H04L5/003)} - H04B 7/1555: {Selecting relay station antenna mode, e.g. selecting omnidirectional -, directional beams, selecting polarizations} - H04B 7/2606: {Arrangements for base station coverage control, e.g. by using relays in tunnels} - H04J 11/005: {of intercell interference} - H04J 11/0056: {Inter-base station aspects} - H04L 1/0018: {based on latency requirement} - H04L 61/2517: using port numbers - H04W 4/40: for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] - H04W 4/90: Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS] - H04W 8/085: {involving hierarchical organized mobility servers, e.g. hierarchical mobile IP [HMIP]} - H04W 8/26: Network addressing or numbering for mobility support - H04W 28/0215: {based on user or device properties, e.g. MTC-capable devices (services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC] H04W4/70; wireless resource selection or allocation plan definition based on terminal or device properties H04W72/51)} - H04W 28/0268: {using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR] (negotiating SLA or negotiating QoS H04W28/24)} - H04W 28/14: using intermediate storage - H04W 36/04: Reselecting a cell layer in multi-layered cells - H04W 40/02: Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing - H04W 72/02: Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal - H04W 72/0453: Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA - H04W 72/21: in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network - H04W 72/23: in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal - H04W 72/30: Resource management for broadcast services - H04W 76/10: Connection setup - H04W 76/11: Allocation or use of connection identifiers - H04W 76/12: Setup of transport tunnels - H04L 2212/00: Encapsulation of packets - H04W 40/00: Communication routing or communication path finding - H04W 72/00: Local resource management - H04W 80/04: Network layer protocols, e.g. mobile IP [Internet Protocol] - H04W 84/005: {Moving wireless networks} - H04W 84/045: {using private Base Stations, e.g. femto Base Stations, home Node B} - H04W 84/047: {using dedicated repeater stations} - H04W 88/04: adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user - H04W 88/08: Access point devices - H04W 88/16: Gateway arrangements - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) - H04B: TRANSMISSION - H04J: MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION (transmission in general H04B; peculiar to transmission of digital information H04L5/00; systems for the simultaneous or sequential transmission of more than one television signal H04N7/08; in exchanges H04Q11/00; stereophonic systems H04S) - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract A moving cellular communication system comprising at least one upgraded moving relay including at least two base station functionalities and at least one mobile station functionality and a relay resource manager, all co-located, wherein each base station functionality from among the at least two base station functionalities of the upgraded moving relay is operative to communicate via antennae with at least one mobile station thereby to define a first radio link therebetween, and wherein each base station functionality has a connection to its co-located relay resource manager, wherein each mobile station functionality of the upgraded moving relay communicates via antennae with a unit which has base station functionality thereby to define at least one second radio link, respectively, wherein the relay resource manager in each individual moving relay comprises a radio resource manager; and functionality for exchanging information with relay resource managers is included in moving relays other than the individual moving relay. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A moving cellular communication system comprising: at least one upgraded moving relay including at least one base station functionality and at least two mobile station functionalities, each of which includes a modem, and a relay resource manager, all co-located, wherein the relay resource manager includes a routing and quality-of-service subsystem operative to communicate with at least one base station functionality and at least one of said mobile station functionalities and wherein the relay resource manager also includes a tunneling subsystem operative to provide tunnels for multi-hop encapsulation, wherein each base station functionality of said upgraded moving relay is operative to communicate via antennae with at least one mobile station thereby to define at least one first radio link therebetween, and wherein each base station functionality has a connection to its co-located relay resource manager, wherein each mobile station functionality from among said at least two mobile station functionalities of said upgraded moving relay communicates via antennae with a unit which has base station functionality thereby to define at least two second radio links, respectively, wherein the relay resource manager in at least one individual moving relay comprises: a radio resource manager; and functionality for exchanging information with relay resource managers included in moving relays other than said individual moving relay, wherein the relay resource manager and at least some mobile stations are not all aboard a single moving object wherein a Virtual S-GW (serving gateway) and Virtual mobility management entity (MME) are provided having corresponding standard S-GW and MME interfaces with the base station functionality and wherein when a remote core is used by the relay, the Virtual S-GW and Virtual MME emulate core functions as proxies thereby to allow the base station functionality to operate smoothly and seamlessly despite remoteness of the core. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said mobile station functionalities within an upgraded moving relay serves as a backup to other mobile station functionality of the same upgraded moving relay, and said relay resource manager is operative to switch communication from said other mobile station functionality to said backup mobile station functionality in response to meeting a mobile station handover criterion. ### Claim 3 A method for providing moving cellular communication, the method comprising: providing at least one upgraded moving relay including at least one base station functionality, a relay resource manager, and at least two mobile station functionalities each of which includes a modem, all co-located, wherein each base station functionality of said upgraded moving relay is operative to communicate via antennae with at least one mobile station thereby to define at least one first radio link therebetween, and wherein each base station functionality has a connection to its co-located relay resource manager, wherein each mobile station functionality from among said at least two mobile station functionalities of said upgraded moving relay communicates via antennae with a unit which has base station functionality thereby to define at least two second radio links, respectively, wherein providing the relay resource manager in each individual moving relay comprises: providing a radio resource manager which includes a tunneling subsystem operative to provide tunnels for multi-hop encapsulation; and providing functionality for exchanging information with relay resource managers included in moving relays other than said individual moving relay, wherein the relay resource manager and at least some mobile stations are not all aboard a single moving object wherein a Virtual S-GW (serving gateway) and Virtual mobility management entity (MME) are provided having corresponding standard S-GW and MME interfaces with the base station functionality and wherein when a remote core is used by the relay, the Virtual S-GW and Virtual MME emulate core functions as proxies thereby to allow the base station functionality to operate smoothly and seamlessly despite remoteness of the core. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method according to claim 3 and also comprising supporting cellular communication over a many-to-one topology. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The method according to claim 3 and also comprising using said two mobile station functionalities to support cellular communication over a many-to-many topology. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The method according to claim 3 and also comprising using said two mobile station functionalities to perform at least one backhauling operation at a data rate which exceeds a data rate of a backhauling operation performed using only one of the two mobile station functionalities. ### Claim 7 (depends on 3) The method according to claim 3 and also comprising using said two mobile station functionalities to provide a larger number of bearers than would be available if cellular communication were supported by only one of the two mobile station functionalities. ### Claim 8 (depends on 3) The method according to claim 3 and also comprising using said two mobile station functionalities to provide hot redundancy. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method according to claim 8 wherein said hot redundancy comprises sending backhauling data using said at least two mobile station functionalities a plurality of times rather than only once. ### Claim 10 (depends on 3) The method according to claim 3 and also comprising using said two mobile station functionalities to provide a plurality of alternate routes between mobile stations served by said at least one base station functionality, and a core of a cellular network to which the moving relay belongs. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The moving cellular communication system according to claim 1 wherein said relay resource manager also includes a stand-alone subsystem. ### Claim 12 (depends on 3) The moving cellular communication method according to claim 3 wherein said relay resource manager also includes a stand-alone subsystem. ### Claim 13 A computer program product, comprising a non-transitory computer readable medium, which is not a transitory signal, having a computer readable program code embodied therein, said computer readable program code adapted to be executed to implement a method for providing moving cellular communication, the method comprising: providing at least one upgraded moving relay including at least one base station functionality, a relay resource manager which includes a tunneling subsystem operative to provide tunnels for multi-hop encapsulation, and at least two mobile station functionalities each of which includes a modem, all co-located, wherein each base station functionality of said upgraded moving relay is operative to communicate via antennae with at least one mobile station thereby to define at least one first radio link therebetween, and wherein each base station functionality has a connection to its co-located relay resource manager, wherein each mobile station functionality from among said at least two mobile station functionalities of said upgraded moving relay communicates via antennae with a unit which has base station functionality thereby to define at least two second radio links, respectively, wherein providing the relay resource manager in each individual moving relay comprises: providing a radio resource manager; and providing functionality for exchanging information with relay resource managers included in moving relays other than said individual moving relay, wherein the relay resource manager and at least some mobile stations are not all aboard a single moving object wherein a Virtual S-GW (serving gateway) and Virtual mobility management entity (MME) are provided having corresponding standard S-GW and MME interfaces with the base station functionality and wherein when a remote core is used by the relay, the Virtual S-GW and Virtual MME emulate core functions as proxies thereby to allow the base station functionality to operate smoothly and seamlessly despite remoteness of the core. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1 wherein said at least two mobile station functionalities operate substantially simultaneously. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The system according to claim 11 wherein said at least two mobile station functionalities operate substantially simultaneously. ### Claim 16 (depends on 12) The method according to claim 12 wherein said at least two mobile station functionalities operate substantially simultaneously. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The product according to claim 13 wherein said at least two mobile station functionalities operate substantially simultaneously. ### Claim 18 (depends on 13) The product according to claim 13 wherein said relay resource manager also includes a stand-alone subsystem. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1 wherein the radio resource manager is operative to communicate with at least one relay resource manager included in moving relays other than said individual moving relay. ### Claim 20 (depends on 3) The method according to claim 3 and wherein each mobile station functionality also includes an antenna and a radio frequency front-end. ### Claim 21 (depends on 11) The system according to claim 11 wherein said base station functionality comprises software implemented functionality enabling relays to converse and/or exchange digital information between them or with a terrestrial network, via communication paths defined between respective pairs of base and mobile stations. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1 wherein the Routing & QoS (quality of service) subsystem communicates with the base station functionality using an M&C (Management and Control) interface to command a change in base station functionality parameters including PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network). ### Claim 23 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1 wherein the Routing & QoS (quality of service) subsystem communicates with the base station functionality using an M&C (Management and Control) interface to command the base station functionality to initiate a handover of at least one mobile station attached to said relay. ### Claim 24 (depends on 1) A system according to claim 1 wherein at least one moving relay gives different priorities to different mobile stations served thereby by using different bearers with different prioritizations that are allocated to a single mobile station functionality. ### Claim 25 (depends on 1) A system according to claim 1 wherein said functionalities are provided in accordance with a cellular communication standard and wherein said information includes information provided by said mobile station functionality in accordance with said standard. ### Claim 26 (depends on 1) A system according to claim 1 wherein said mobile station functionality comprises software implemented functionality to enable the relay to function as a mobile communication device. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) A system according to claim 26 wherein said mobile station functionality comprises an application processor.