An adiabatic cycle heat engine, comprising:
- a working chamber;
- a power piston housed within the working chamber and configured to
- run on working fluid in a high pressure state receivable from a heat exchanger, and
- move between Top Dead Center (TDC) and Bottom Dead Center (BDC) of the working chamber to complete an engine cycle;
- a pump including a pump chamber;
- a conical frustum spindle shaped frame including
- a conical frustum shaped inlet valve configured to batch and isolate said working fluid in said working chamber for near adiabatic expansion;
- a cooling exchanger configured to release cooled fluid to cool said working fluid in said working chamber after a near complete expansion movement of said power piston;
- a TDC connecting valve mounted on said spindle shaped frame and between said cooling exchanger and said working chamber, and configured to separate a portion of said working fluid from said working chamber and isothermally cool said working fluid in response to the power piston compressing the portion of said working fluid at a constant low temperature into said cooling exchanger;
- a BDC uniflow valve at the BDC of said working chamber and configured to
- close to contain said compressed cooled fluid in said cooling exchanger, and
- open to release said compressed cooled fluid into the working chamber in response to said power piston near completion of a sequential expansion stroke of said power piston;
- a unidirectional check valve between said working chamber and said pump chamber;
- and
- an outlet valve between said pump chamber and said heat exchanger,
- wherein the cooling exchanger is configured to remove heat energy from said working fluid sequentially expanded in the working chamber by releasing said cooled fluid in said cooling exchanger into said working chamber,
- during a compression of said cooled fluid in said working chamber, the power piston is configured to move from the BDC to the TDC of the working chamber to separate said working fluid to isothermal and adiabatic portions according to a ratio differential of respective densities, the isothermal portion of said working fluid pressed isothermally into the cooling exchanger removing the heat while the adiabatic portion of said working fluid, not pressed into the cooling exchanger, is pressed adiabatically into the pump chamber of said pump,
- in response to that the isothermal and adiabatic portions of the working fluid in the working chamber are compressed, a quantity of working fluid compressed into the pump is equal to a quantity of the working fluid initially injected into the engine with the power piston at the TDC from the heat exchanger beginning the engine cycle,
- wherein the engine is configured to perform the engine cycle including a near adiabatic cycle by performing the near adiabatic expansion of said working fluid in the engine by causing
- the inlet valve to close off after a flow of said working fluid that is batched into said engine passes therethrough,
- the power piston to move from the TDC to the BDC to sequentially expand said working fluid in the working chamber while said cooled fluid in the cooling exchanger is held in compression from a previous upstroke and in containment,
- said cooling exchanger to release said contained cooled fluid, through the TDC connecting valve and the BDC uniflow valve, to the working chamber to cool said expanded working chamber in response to the power piston at the BDC,
- said TDC connecting valve to open for passing therethrough said contained cooled fluid from said cooling exchanger while adiabatically expanded working fluid is cooled, and
- said BDC uniflow valve, exposed by said power piston in said working chamber at the BDC, to open for passing therethrough said contained cooled fluid from said cooling exchanger,
- in the heat absorption of said working fluid in said cooling exchange during said compression, said TDC connecting valve is configured
- to remain open during nearly an entirety of compression stroke of the power piston to adiabatically press out nearly all said working fluid in said working chamber, not pressed into the cooling exchanger, into said pump chamber through the unidirectional check valve between said working chamber and said pump chamber,
- to complete the engine cycle with the power piston at near the TDC, with the unidirectional check valve between said working chamber and said pump chamber closed, causing a unidirectional flow through said pump to the heat exchanger, and
- to complete the engine cycle with the power piston at near the TDC, with the outlet valve between said pump chamber and said heat exchanger opened, causing the unidirectional flow from said pump chamber to the heat exchanger to minimize residual dead volumetric pockets of uncycled said working fluid in the working chamber and the pump chamber during the heat to work conversion of said engine cycle.