# US 10,441,810 B2 · X-ray psoralen activated cancer therapy (X-PACT) > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,441,810 B2 - Document ID: US10441810B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/434,871 - Filed: 2017-02-16 - Published: 2017-06-08 - Granted: 2019-10-15 - Earliest claimed: 2015-10-19 - Assignees: Immunolight, LLC; Duke University - Applicants: Immunolight, LLC; Duke University - Inventors: Mark Oldham; Zakaryae Fathi; Wayne F. Beyer; Harold Walder; Frederic A. Bourke, Jr.; Mark Dewhirst; Neil L. Spector; Paul Yoon; Justus Adamson; David Alcorta; Kim Lyerly; Leihua Liu; Takuya Osada - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10441810B2 ## CPC - A61N 5/062: {Photodynamic therapy, i.e. excitation of an agent} - A61K 31/525: Isoalloxazines, e.g. riboflavins, vitamin B2 - A61K 33/00: Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients - A61K 41/0066: {Psoralene-activated UV-A photochemotherapy (PUVA-therapy), e.g. for treatment of psoriasis or eczema, extracorporeal photopheresis with psoralens or fucocoumarins} - A61K 35/00: Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution - A61K 38/00: Medicinal preparations containing peptides (peptides containing beta-lactam rings A61K31/00; cyclic dipeptides not having in their molecule any other peptide link than those which form their ring, e.g. piperazine-2,5-diones, A61K31/00; ergot alkaloids of the cyclic peptide type A61K31/48; containing macromolecular compounds having statistically distributed amino acid units A61K31/74; medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies A61K39/00; medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients, e.g. peptides as drug carriers, A61K47/00) - A61N 5/10: X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy (A61N5/01 takes precedence) - A61N 2005/0661: {ultraviolet} - A61N 2005/0662: {Visible light} - A61N 2005/1089: {Electrons} - A61N 2005/1098: {Enhancing the effect of the particle by an injected agent or implanted device} - A61N: ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY (measurement of bioelectric currents A61B; surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body A61B18/00; anaesthetic apparatus in general A61M; incandescent lamps H01K; infrared radiators for heating H05B) - A61K: PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES (devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms A61J3/00; chemical aspects of, or use of materials for deodorisation of air, for disinfection or sterilisation, or for bandages, dressings, absorbent pads or surgical articles A61L; soap compositions C11D) ## Abstract A system for treating a diseased site in a human or animal body. The system includes a pharmaceutical carrier including one or more phosphors which are capable of emitting light into the diseased site upon interaction, a photoactivatable drug for intercalating into DNA of cells at the diseased site, one or more devices which infuse the diseased sited with the photoactivatable drug and the pharmaceutical carrier, an x-ray or high energy electron source, and a processor programmed to control a dose of x-rays or electrons to the diseased site for production of light inside the tumor to activate the photoactivatable drug. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for treating a diseased site in a human or animal body, comprising: injecting in a diseased site a pharmaceutical carrier including one or more phosphors which are capable of emitting light in the human or animal body; infusing the diseased site with a photoactivatable drug; applying x-ray or high energy electrons to the diseased site; producing from the phosphors said light inside the diseased site and thereby photoactivating the photoactivatable drug; from the photoactivated drug, producing a cytotoxicity inside the diseased site of greater than 20%; providing a booster treatment to the diseased site, before, during and/or after an initial treatment of the diseased site, and delaying a period between booster treatments according to a tolerance level of the human or animal body for radiation-modified cells generated during the booster treatment. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein applying x-ray or high energy electrons comprises providing a controlled radiation dose to the diseased site. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said booster treatment is performed before an initial treatment of the diseased site. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said booster treatment is performed during an initial treatment of the diseased site. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said booster treatment is performed after an initial treatment of the diseased site. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein said booster treatment is repeated on a periodic basis after an initial treatment of the diseased site. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein, in the booster treatment, at least one of phosphor concentration, photoactivatable drug concentration, and the radiation dose is increased by a factor of at least two times respective initial values. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the booster treatment produces psoralen-modified cancer cells or X-ray modified cancer cells. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the booster treatment produces radiation damaged cancer cells. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the booster treatment provides radiating the human or animal body at either a palliative or therapeutic level. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the radiating the human or animal body at either a palliative or therapeutic level comprises radiating the diseased site before, during, and/or after an initial treatment with said phosphors, said photoactivatable drug, and said applying x-ray or high energy electrons to the diseased site. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein applying x-ray or high energy electrons comprises providing a controlled radiation dose to a tumor. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein applying x-ray or high energy electrons comprises providing a booster treatment to the tumor, said booster treatment repeated on a periodic basis after an initial treatment of the tumor. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising radiating the human or animal body at at least one of a palliative level, a therapeutic level, or a radiation induced cell kill level. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein said radiating the human or animal body comprises radiating at said palliative level. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein said radiating the human or animal body comprises radiating at said radiation induced cell kill level. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein said radiating the human or animal body comprises radiating at said palliative level as an intervening treatment after an initial treatment with said phosphors, said photoactivatable drug, and said applying x-ray or high energy electrons to the diseased site and prior to a subsequent booster treatment with said phosphors, said photoactivatable drug, and said applying x-ray or high energy electrons to the diseased site. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises, before, during, and/or after an initial treatment with said phosphors, said photoactivatable drug, and said applying x-ray or high energy electrons to the diseased site, radiating the human or animal body at a region different from the diseased site. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises, before, during, and/or after an initial treatment with said phosphors, said photoactivatable drug, and said applying x-ray or high energy electrons to the diseased site, radiating the human or animal body at a region different from the diseased site with a palliative level of radiation. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises, before, during and/or after an initial treatment with said phosphors, said photoactivatable drug, and said applying x-ray or high energy electrons to the diseased site, radiating the human or animal body at a region different from the diseased site with a radiation induced cell kill level of radiation. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said activating the photoactivatable drug causes an auto-vaccine effect in the human or animal body. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The method of claim 21, further comprising stunting growth of a tumor in the human or animal body until the activated photoactivatable drug causes said auto-vaccine effect in the human or animal body. ### Claim 23 (depends on 21) The method of claim 21, further comprising stimulating said auto-vaccine effect in the human or animal body. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) The method of claim 23, wherein stimulating said auto-vaccine effect comprises injecting a vaccine into the human or animal body. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The method of claim 24, wherein stimulating said auto-vaccine effect comprises injecting a tetanus vaccine into the human or animal body. ### Claim 26 (depends on 23) The method of claim 23, wherein stimulating said auto-vaccine effect comprises radiating the human or animal body with a palliative level of radiation. ### Claim 27 A method for treating a diseased site in a human or animal body, comprising: injecting in a diseased site a pharmaceutical carrier including one or more phosphors which are capable of emitting light in the human or animal body; infusing the diseased site with a photoactivatable drug; applying x-ray or high energy electrons to the diseased site; producing from the phosphors said light inside the diseased site and thereby photoactivating the photoactivatable drug; and from the photoactivated drug, producing a cytotoxicity inside the diseased site of greater than 20%; radiating the human or animal body at a palliative level as an intervening treatment after an initial treatment with said phosphors, said photoactivatable drug, and said applying x-ray or high energy electrons to the diseased site and prior to a subsequent booster treatment with said phosphors, said photoactivatable drug, and said applying x-ray or high energy electrons to the diseased site. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, wherein applying x-ray or high energy electrons comprises providing a controlled radiation dose to the diseased site. ### Claim 29 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, wherein said booster treatment is repeated on a periodic basis after an initial treatment of the diseased site. ### Claim 30 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, wherein, in the booster treatment, at least one of phosphor concentration, photoactivatable drug concentration, and the radiation dose is increased by a factor of at least two times respective initial values. ### Claim 31 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, wherein the booster treatment produces psoralen-modified cancer cells or X-ray modified cancer cells. ### Claim 32 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, wherein the booster treatment produces radiation damaged cancer cells. ### Claim 33 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, wherein applying x-ray or high energy electrons comprises providing a controlled radiation dose to a tumor. ### Claim 34 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, wherein the method further comprises, before, during, and/or after an initial treatment with said phosphors, said photoactivatable drug, and said applying x-ray or high energy electrons to the diseased site, radiating the human or animal body at a region different from the diseased site. ### Claim 35 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, wherein the method further comprises, before, during, and/or after an initial treatment with said phosphors, said photoactivatable drug, and said applying x-ray or high energy electrons to the diseased site, radiating the human or animal body at a region different from the diseased site with a palliative level of radiation. ### Claim 36 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, wherein the method further comprises, before, during and/or after an initial treatment with said phosphors, said photoactivatable drug, and said applying x-ray or high energy electrons to the diseased site, radiating the human or animal body at a region different from the diseased site with a radiation induced cell kill level of radiation. ### Claim 37 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, wherein said activating the photoactivatable drug causes an auto-vaccine effect in the human or animal body. ### Claim 38 (depends on 37) The method of claim 37, further comprising stunting growth of a tumor in the human or animal body until the activated photoactivatable drug causes said auto-vaccine effect in the human or animal body. ### Claim 39 (depends on 37) The method of claim 37, further comprising stimulating said auto-vaccine effect in the human or animal body. ### Claim 40 (depends on 39) The method of claim 39, wherein stimulating said auto-vaccine effect comprises injecting a vaccine into the human or animal body. ### Claim 41 (depends on 40) The method of claim 40, wherein stimulating said auto-vaccine effect comprises injecting a tetanus vaccine into the human or animal body.