# US 10,441,578 B2 · Altering expression level of glutathione S-transferase genes by treating a human subject with a nitroxide > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,441,578 B2 - Document ID: US10441578B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/875,872 - Filed: 2018-01-19 - Published: 2019-07-25 - Granted: 2019-10-15 - Earliest claimed: 2018-01-19 - Applicants: Louis Habash - Inventors: Louis Habash - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10441578B2 ## CPC - A61K 31/445: Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine - A61K: PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES (devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms A61J3/00; chemical aspects of, or use of materials for deodorisation of air, for disinfection or sterilisation, or for bandages, dressings, absorbent pads or surgical articles A61L; soap compositions C11D) ## Abstract A method of treatment is disclosed. The method comprises administering to a human subject, known to have decreased glutathione activity, an effective amount of a nitroxide antioxidant, wherein the nitroxide antioxidant increases an expression level of one or more genes encoding glutathione S-transferase enzymes, thereby increasing glutathione activity. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of upregulating an expression level of one or more glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes, the method comprising: administering an effective amount of a nitroxide antioxidant to an individual known to have or suspected to have oxidative stress, whereby the expression level of the GST gene is upregulated, the oxidative stress caused by a disease or condition selected from the group consisting of cancer, rheumatoid/osteoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, cataracts, dementia, osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and hypertension, and the nitroxide antioxidant selected from the group consisting of 2-ethyl-2,5,5-trimethyl-3-oxazolidine-1-oxyl (OXANO), 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO), 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPOL), 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (Tempamine), 3-Aminomethyl-PROXYL, 3-Cyano-PROXYL, 3-Carbamoyl-PROXYL, 3-Carboxy-PROXYL, 4-Oxo-TEMPO, 4-amino-TEMPO, 4-(2-bromoacetamido)-TEMPO, 4-ethoxyfluorophosphonyloxy-TEMPO, 4-hydroxy-TEMPO, 4-(2-iodoacetamido)-TEMPO, 4-isothiocyanato-TEMPO, 4-maleimido-TEMPO, 4-(4-nitrobenzoyloxyl)-TEMPO, or 4-phosphonooxy-TEMPO. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the GST gene is selected from the group consisting of Gstm3, Gstm6, Gsta3, Gstt1, Gsta4, Gstm1, Gstm4, Gstt2, Gstp1, and Gstk1. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein the nitroxide antioxidant is 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPOL). ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the individual has been administered a chemotherapeutic agent. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the nitroxide antioxidant is chemically attached to one or more bioeffector molecules. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising administering to the individual a xenobiotic prior to administering to the individual the effective amount of the nitroxide antioxidant. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the effective amount of the nitroxide antioxidant comprises about 5 mg/g of food. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the effective amount of the nitroxide antioxidant comprises about 500-1500 mg/g. ### Claim 9 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by cancer. ### Claim 10 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by rheumatoid/osteoid arthritis. ### Claim 11 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). ### Claim 12 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by inflammatory bowel disease. ### Claim 13 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by Alzheimer's disease. ### Claim 14 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by multiple sclerosis. ### Claim 15 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by atherosclerosis. ### Claim 16 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by cardiovascular disease. ### Claim 17 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by cataracts. ### Claim 18 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by dementia. ### Claim 19 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by osteoporosis. ### Claim 20 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by type 2 diabetes. ### Claim 21 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by chemotherapy. ### Claim 22 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by radiation therapy. ### Claim 23 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidative stress caused by hypertension.