# US 10,441,169 B2 · Nano-biomimetic MEMS-transformer devices of making and an application in energy-sensory images thereto > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,441,169 B2 - Document ID: US10441169B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/361,068 - Filed: 2016-11-24 - Published: 2018-05-24 - Granted: 2019-10-15 - Earliest claimed: 2016-11-24 - Applicants: Ellen T Chen - Inventors: Ellen T Chen - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10441169B2 ## CPC - A61B 5/00: Measuring for diagnostic purposes (radiation diagnosis A61B6/00; diagnosis by ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves A61B8/00); Identification of persons - A61B 5/40: {Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system (for sleep A61B5/4806; for anaesthesia A61B5/4821; for pain A61B5/4824)} - A61B 2503/42: for laboratory research - G01N 2333/4709: Amyloid plaque core protein - G01R 33/4806: {Functional imaging of brain activation} - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) - G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12) ## Abstract An electromagnetic mems-transformer includes arrays of nanostructured first toroid winding by a self-assembled organic conductive membrane on an electrode, and a second toroid winding with “donut” shape cyclodextrins (CDs) comprising of different electronegativity functional groups was inserted in the first toroid; a hydrophobic laminate agent forms a linen lining the first cavity of the toroid in perpendicular to the first and second toroid with air gaps for adjusting, upon applying a DC potential crosses two electrodes in a fluid medium for initiation of the device, a changing current flows until reached the s-s state in a nano Ampere level. When held the nano Ampere current in constant for spontaneous discharge voltage pulses, the current induced an electromagnetic flux change with orders of magnitude higher output voltage produced compared with the initiation potential. Embedded on-off switches promoted hysteresis i-V curves for memory function. Applications in sensing neuronal dysfunctions in an Energy-Sensory Image were demonstrated. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An electromagnetic mems-transformer comprises; (a) a first electrode with a first and a second array of a nanometer sized first toroid made by a self-assembling organic cross-linked copolymer conductive membrane; (b) a vertical solenoid inserted in a cavity of the first toroid made by a second type of toroid forming the second array with nano donut shaped cyclodextrin (CD), in the hollow cavity of the CDs contains different electronegativity functional groups that mimics the function of acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) and also mimics its cylindrical gorge; (c) an organic laminate agent o-nitrophenyl acetate (o-NPA) forms a linen forming cross-bars in the first cavities of the arrayed toroids that is perpendicular to the first and second toroid and leave nanometer space air gap between them; (d) injecting a sample fluid into the mems-transformer, that comprises a first and a second array toroid, upon applying a DC potential across two electrodes in a fluid medium for initiation of the mems-transformer, changing current flows in the bipolar toroids in an electron-relay circular form until reached to a s-s state at a nano-ampere level; when held a nano-ampere current for conducting spontaneous discharge pulses at a fixed data rate and time, the current induced an electromagnetic flux change with orders of magnitude higher output voltage produced compared with the initiation potential; upon scanning a potential at a defined potential range across the electrodes at a fixed scan rate, hysteresis i-V curves were promoted for memory function based on an embedded on-off switch. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) According to claim 1, wherein the copolymer is further comprised of one or more β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) molecules having at least one or more acetyl groups. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) According to claim 1, wherein the vertical solenoid made by the second toroid is further comprised of a cross-linking reagent of polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEG). ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) According to claim 3, wherein a PEG is cross-linked with one or more second β-cyclodextrin molecules having at least one or more imidazolyl groups in the cavity of β-CD. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) According to claim 4, wherein a PEG is cross-linked with one or more poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP) polymers. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) According to claim 1, wherein a PEG has another cross-linking fashion with PVP and triacetyl-β-cyclodextrin (TCD) without having an imidazolyl group in the cavity. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) According to claim 6, wherein the polymer wire winding forms a first toroid in the same direction as the second toroid. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) According to claim 1, wherein the first and the second electrode are made of either gold or glassy carbon or platinum. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) According to claim 1, wherein the mems-transformer is an electromagnetic sensor detecting magnetic flux change due to the mems-inductivity of the electron-relay circular current when an object communicated with the sensor. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) According to claim 1, wherein the device membrane is free from metal or metal oxide substances. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) According to claim 1, wherein the device membrane has nanometer air gaps between the cross-bars. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) According to claim 11, wherein by adjusting the air gap, the concentration of o-NPA is adjusted leading to more or less mems-inductivity. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) According to claim 1, wherein the device works in various media of aqueous solution, organic solvent of alcohol and or human biological specimens. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) According to claim 1, wherein the device is a mems-inductor with varying inductance based on the change of the (Direct Electron Transfer) DET current in the first array toroids and induced a current in the second array of toroids in the presence of an applied voltage. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The use of a device according to claim 1, further including injecting a sample fluid into the mems-transformer, that comprises a first and a second array toroid, upon applying a DC voltage to the first electrode with a membrane and the second electrode without a membrane, separated by a medium, a changing current flows in the bipolar toroidal arrays in an electron-relay circular current fashion until reached to a s-s state in a nano-ampere level, then held the nano-ampere current for discharge pulses, therefore setting up an appropriate stepping time period in order to measure the voltage change under a fixed current; or setting up an appropriate fixed potential in order to measure the current change; and setting up a fixed data rate in order to monitor the signals in the presence of an analyte against a control in the medium is necessary; it induced orders of magnitude amplifications in output voltage or current compared with the device's initiation state; a solenoid in the center core winding promoted a hysteresis wave for changing flow direction based on the cross-bar on-off switch, that corresponding to a mems-capacitor, a mems-ristor and a mems-inductor connected in series and its function is of a Tank Circuit. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The use of a device according to claim 1, further including an Energy-Sensory Image output comprising five steps: (1) identify a “Sensory Biomarker” (2) at the biomarker potential locations enter a discharge pulse energy data into the DET peak potential location in the “y” data column, and enter data at its spatial location of the cross-point in the “x” column, then enter a scan frequency data in the “z” column; (3) Convert the xyz columns to a random correlative gridding matrix; (4) highlight the matrix and convert the matrix (5) plot the 3D energy-sensory interactive dynamic synapse map; contour map and the optical image, respectively. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) According to claim 16, wherein the devices direct detects reentry energy change highly sensitive in 13 aj/bit/s/μm3/nM of Amyloid-β (Aβ) over 3.8-471 nM range with the time range of 0.003-4 s. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) According to claim 1, wherein the device is a memory device with a baseline information reentry sensitivity of 0.1 pj/bit/μm3 over an interval 0.003-4 s. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) According to claim 16, wherein the method can identify the presence of at least one or more pathological high frequency oscillation. ### Claim 20 (depends on 16) According to claim 16, wherein the method has a broadband of energy density change between 0.5 to 6.1×10−7 pJ/bit/μm3. ### Claim 21 (depends on 16) According to claim 16, wherein the memory device detects neuronal network circuitry integrity without using a tracer or dye.