# US 10,428,285 B2 · Method and apparatus for processing of carbon-containing feed stock into gasification gas > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,428,285 B2 - Document ID: US10428285B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/293,961 - Filed: 2014-06-02 - Published: 2014-09-18 - Granted: 2019-10-01 - Earliest claimed: 2010-03-15 - Applicants: Power Waste Gasification, LLC - Inventors: Sergii Y. Stryzhak - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10428285B2 ## CPC - C10J 3/86: combined with waste-heat boilers - B01J 8/087: {Heating or cooling the reactor} - B01J 8/12: moved by gravity in a downward flow - C10J 3/26: downwardly - C10J 3/34: Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices - C10J 3/42: Rotary grates - C10K 1/026: {by centrifugal forces (cyclones B04C)} - C10K 1/32: with selectively adsorptive solids, e.g. active carbon - F23G 5/0276: {using direct heating} - F23L 7/005: {Evaporated water; Steam} - B01J 2208/00212: Plates; Jackets; Cylinders - B01J 2208/0053: Controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling - C10J 2200/09: Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means - C10J 2200/154: Pushing devices, e.g. pistons - C10J 2300/0903: Feed preparation - C10J 2300/0916: Biomass - C10J 2300/0946: Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale - C10J 2300/0956: Air or oxygen enriched air - C10J 2300/1671: with the production of electricity - C10J 2300/1693: with storage facilities for intermediate, feed and/or product - C10J 2300/1884: with one stream being synthesis gas - F23G 2201/303: Burning pyrogases - F23G 2900/50804: using thermit or other compositions of metal oxides as auxiliary fuel - C10J: PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES (synthesis gas from liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons C01B; underground gasification of minerals E21B43/295); CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES - B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS - C10K: PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE - F23G: CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION - F23L: SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ({air-supply arrangements for fluent fuels F23C;} firebridges with means for feeding air or steam F23M3/04; baffles or shields with air supply passages F23M9/04); VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS {(dampers and throat restrictors for open fire-places F24; air inlet valves for open fire fronts F24)}; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES ## Abstract The invention relates to chemical technology and equipment, in particular to apparatuses of processing of solid household and industrial waste, as well as other carbon-containing feedstock into combustible gasification gas and methods for pyrolysis and downdraft gasification process. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A downdraft gasification method comprising the steps of providing a loading mechanism trunk, providing a drying zone providing a plasticization zone providing a pyrolysis zone providing a combustion zone providing a reforming zone providing a slag discharge zone supplying feedstock, forcing said feedstock through said loading mechanism trunk as well as through each of said drying zone, pyrolysis zone, combustion zone, reforming zone and slag discharge zone with a loading mechanism that comprises an elongated loading mechanism trunk and a feedstock feeder, causing said feedstock being forced through said loading mechanism trunk to form a plug that substantially hermetically separates said drying zone, said plasticization zone, said pyrolysis zone, said combustion zone, said reforming zone and said slag discharge zone from the atmosphere; causing formation and separation of steam from said feedstock in said drying zone, causing pyrolysis gases to form in said pyrolysis zone, separating substantially all of said pyrolysis gases from said feedstock in said pyrolysis zone, thereby causing separation of carbon char residue; and forming gasification gases. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 further comprising steps of causing said separated pyrolysis gases and said steam to form a mixture; causing said mixture to move to said combustion zone, burning said mixture in said combustion zone, burning a portion of said carbon char residue in said combustion zone, and using a remaining portion of said carbon char residue for reforming reactions in said reforming zone. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method according to claim 2, further comprising a step of supplying air to said combustion zone. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The method according to claim 2, further comprising a step of supplying mixture of oxygen and steam to said combustion zone. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The method according to claim 3, wherein said air is heated to at least 100 F. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The method according to claim 3 wherein said air is supplied at a velocity not to exceed 60 meters per second. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1 further comprising a step of causing substantially all hydrocarbons contained in said pyrolysis gases to convert into hydrogen and carbon monoxide while moving through said combustion zone and said reforming zone. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1 wherein said feedstock comprises mineral components thereby causing said gasification gases to undergo a purification as they move through said combustion zone and said reforming zone. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1 further comprising a step of adding to said feedstock at least one sorbent. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method according to claim 9 wherein said at least one sorbent is a metal, oxide, salt, or oxide hydrate. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1 further comprising a step of adding to said feedstock at least one flux. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The method according to claim 9 wherein said at least one flux is a metal, oxide, salt, oxide hydrate, sulfide, or chloride. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1 further comprising a step of adding silicon dioxide to said feedstock. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1 further comprising a step of supplying steam into said combustion zone. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1 further comprising a step of supplying carbon dioxide into said combustion zone. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1 further comprising a step of causing said gasification gases to move about at least one of said reforming zone, said combustion zone, said pyrolysis zone, said plasticization zone and said drying zone thereby reducing a temperature of said gasification gases.