Wavefield interpolation and regularization in imaging of multiple reflection energy

A system that generates a seismic image of a subterranean formation, the system comprising:

• one or more processors;
• one or more data-storage devices;
• and
• machine-readable instructions stored in the one or more data-storage devices that when executed using the one or more processors controls the system to carry out the operations comprising:
• separating recorded pressure data into up-going pressure data and down-going pressure data based on recorded pressure data and recorded vertical velocity data generated by receivers in a marine survey of the subterranean formation and stored in the one or more data-storage devices;
• generating interpolated and regularized down-going pressure data at grid points of a migration grid based on the down-going pressure data;
• generating interpolated and regularized up-going pressure data at grid points of the migration grid based on the up-going pressure data;
• and
• generating a seismic image of the subterranean formation at grid points of the migration grid based on the interpolated and regularized down-going pressure data and the interpolated and regularized up-going pressure data, the seismic image revealing structures of the subterranean formation with attenuated noise and attenuated crosstalk artifacts.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium encoded with machine-readable instructions to control one or more processors of a computer system to perform the operations comprising:

• separating recorded pressure data into up-going pressure data and down-going pressure data based on recorded pressure data and recorded vertical velocity data generated by receivers in a marine survey of a subterranean formation and stored in the one or more data-storage devices;
• generating interpolated and regularized down-going pressure data at grid points of a migration grid based on the down-going pressure data;
• generating interpolated and regularized up-going pressure data at grid points of a migration grid based on the up-going pressure data;
• and
• generating a seismic image of the subterranean formation at grid points of the migration grid based on the interpolated and regularized down-going pressure data and the interpolated and regularized up-going pressure data, the seismic image revealing structures of the subterranean formation with attenuated noise and attenuated crosstalk artifacts.

A method to manufacture a geophysical data product, the method comprising:

• obtaining pressure and vertical velocity data recorded in a marine survey of a subterranean formation;
• separating the recorded pressure data into up-going pressure data and down-going pressure data based on the recorded pressure data and the recorded vertical velocity data;
• generating interpolated and regularized down-going pressure data at grid points of a migration grid based on the down-going pressure data;
• generating interpolated and regularized up-going pressure data at grid points of the migration grid based on the up-going pressure data;
• generating a seismic image of the subterranean formation at grid points of the migration grid based on the interpolated and regularized down-going pressure data and the interpolated and regularized up-going pressure data;
• and
• recording the seismic image on one or more non-transitory computer-readable media, thereby creating the geophysical data product.