Embedded broadband glass coplanar waveguide coupler

An electromagnetic coupler for coupling electromagnetic antenna signals from an area on one side of a glass substrate to an area on an opposing side of the glass substrate, said coupler comprising:

• a first co-planar waveguide (CPW) formed on the one side of the substrate and including a first conductive plane, said first CPW including a first narrow CPW section defined in the first plane by removed metal portions of the first plane and a first wide CPW section defined in the first plane by removed metal portions of the first plane, wherein the first narrow and wide CPW sections are electrically coupled, the first narrow CPW section being oriented 90° relative to the first wide CPW section;
• a second co-planar waveguide (CPW) formed on the opposing side of the substrate and including a second conductive plane, said second CPW including a second narrow CPW section defined in the second plane by removed metal portions of the second plane and a second wide CPW section defined in the second plane by removed metal portions of the second plane, wherein the second narrow and wide CPW sections are electrically coupled;
• and
• wherein a gap formed by the removed metal portions of the first plane that defines the first wide CPW section has a width substantially the same as a width of the first narrow CPW section, and a gap formed by the removed metal portions of the second plane that defines the second wide CPW section has a width substantially the same as a width of the second narrow CPW section.

An electromagnetic coupler for coupling electromagnetic antenna signals from an area on an inside surface of an outer glass layer or an inner glass layer of a vehicle windshield to an area on an outside surface of the outer glass layer or the inner glass layer, said coupler comprising:

• a first co-planar waveguide (CPW) formed on the one side of the substrate and including a first conductive plane, said first CPW including a first narrow CPW section defined in the first plane by removed metal portions of the first plane and a first wide CPW section defined in the first plane by removed metal portions of the first plane, wherein the first narrow and wide CPW sections are electrically coupled, and wherein the first narrow CPW section is a meandering section formed in the first conductive plane so that a first end of the first narrow CPW section coupled to the first wide CPW section is oriented about 90° relative to a second end of the first narrow CPW section;
• and
• a second co-planar waveguide (CPW) formed on the opposing side of the substrate and including a second conductive plane, said second CPW including a second narrow CPW section defined in the second plane by removed metal portions of the second plane and a second wide CPW section defined in the second plane by removed metal portions of the second plane, wherein the second narrow and wide CPW sections are electrically coupled, and wherein the second narrow CPW section is a meandering section formed in the second conductive plane so that a first end of the second narrow CPW section coupled to the second wide CPW section is oriented about 90° relative to a second end of the second narrow CPW section.

An electromagnetic coupler for coupling electromagnetic antenna signals from an area on an inside surface of an outer glass layer or an inner glass layer of a vehicle windshield to an area on an outside surface of the outer glass layer or the inner glass layer, said coupler comprising:

• a first co-planar waveguide (CPW) formed on the one side of the substrate and including a first conductive plane, said first CPW including a first narrow CPW section defined in the first plane by removed metal portions of the first plane and a first wide CPW section defined in the first plane by removed metal portions of the first plane, said first CPW further including a first interdigital capacitor extending across the first wide CPW section, wherein the first narrow and wide CPW sections are electrically coupled, and wherein the first narrow CPW section is a straight section;
• and
• a second co-planar waveguide (CPW) formed on the opposing side of the substrate and including a second conductive plane, said second CPW including a second narrow CPW section defined in the second plane by removed metal portions of the second plane and a second wide CPW section defined in the second plane by removed metal portions of the second plane, said second CPW further including a second interdigital capacitor extending across the second wide CPW section, wherein the second narrow and wide CPW sections are electrically coupled and wherein the second narrow CPW section is a straight section.