# US 10,375,466 B2 · Redistributing gain to reduce near field noise in head-worn audio systems > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,375,466 B2 - Document ID: US10375466B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/448,506 - Filed: 2017-03-02 - Published: 2017-09-07 - Granted: 2019-08-06 - Earliest claimed: 2016-03-03 - Assignees: Harman International Industries, Incorporated - Applicants: Harman International Industries, Incorporated - Inventors: Branden Sheffield; James M. Kirsch - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10375466B2 ## CPC - H04R 1/1083: {Reduction of ambient noise (active noise reduction per se G10K11/175; protective devices for the ear, e.g. providing acoustic protection A61F11/06)} - H04R 1/1041: {Mechanical or electronic switches, or control elements (switches in general H01H)} - H04S 7/30: {Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field} - H04S 7/304: {For headphones} - H04R 1/1008: {Earpieces of the supra-aural or circum-aural type} - H04R 25/552: {Binaural} - H04R 2430/20: Processing of the output signals of the acoustic transducers of an array for obtaining a desired directivity characteristic (H04R2203/12 takes precedence) - H04S 2400/13: Aspects of volume control, not necessarily automatic, in stereophonic sound systems - H04S 2420/01: Enhancing the perception of the sound image or of the spatial distribution using head related transfer functions [HRTF's] or equivalents thereof, e.g. interaural time difference [ITD] or interaural level difference [ILD] - H04R: LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS (producing sounds with frequency not determined by supply frequency G10K) - H04S: STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS ## Abstract In one embodiment, a gain redistribution application restructures gains associated with multiple microphones included in a head-worn audio system to minimize near field noise. In response to a sound generated by a sound source, the microphones generate input signals. The gain redistribution application performs mixing operations on the input signals to generate an output signal that mitigates near field noise associated with the same side of the head as the sound source. Subsequently, the gain redistribution application transmits the output signal to a speaker that targets the same side of the head as the sound source. Advantageously, by reducing the gain associated with an input signal received via a microphone located on the same side of the head as the sound source, the gain redistribution application reduces near field noise transmitted to the user during operation in a more comprehensive fashion relative to conventional designs. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for delivering sound via a head-worn audio system, the method comprising: determining that a source of a sound is present on a first side of a head based on a first input signal generated by a first microphone that is located on the first side of the head and a second input signal generated by a second microphone that is located on a second side of the head; performing one or more mixing operations on the first input signal and the second input signal to generate a first output signal that mitigates near field noise included in the first input signal; and transmitting the first output signal to a first speaker that is arranged to deliver sound to a first ear that is located on the first side of the head. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: performing one or more mixing operations on the first input signal and the second input signal to generate a second output signal; and transmitting the second output signal to a second speaker that is arranged to deliver sound to a second ear that is located on the second side of the head. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein performing the one or more mixing operations comprises: performing a weighting operation on the first input signal based on a first redistribution factor to generate a first weighted input signal; performing a weighting operation on the second input signal based on at least one of an angle of arrival, one or more head-related transfer functions, and a second redistribution factor to generate a second weighted input signal; and performing a summation operation across the first weighted input signal and the second weighted input signal. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the one or more head-related transfer functions include a first transfer function that represents modifications to the sound as the sound travels from the source of the sound to the first ear, and a second transfer function that represents modifications to the sound as the sound travels from the source of the sound to a second ear that is located on the second side of the head. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, further comprising, prior to performing the one or more mixing operations, computing the one or more head-related transfer functions based on a plurality of head-related impulse responses. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the first redistribution factor is greater than the second redistribution factor, and the sum of the first redistribution factor and the second redistribution factor is approximately equal to one. ### Claim 7 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, further comprising, prior to performing the weighting operation on the first input signal: determining that at least a second source of a second sound is present based on the first input signal and the second input signal; setting the first redistribution factor equal to a first predetermined value and the second redistribution factor equal to a second predetermined value that exceeds the second predetermined value; and setting the angle of arrival to indicate a direction directly in front of the head. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the source of the sound is present on the first side of the head comprises computing an angle of arrival between the source of the sound and the head. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein computing the angle of arrival comprises computing a left-right angle of arrival between the source of the sound and the head, and setting the angle of arrival equal to the left-right angle of arrival. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein computing the angle of arrival comprises: computing a left-right angle of arrival between the source of the sound and the head; computing a front-back angle of arrival between the source of the sound and the head based on a third input signal generated by a third microphone that is located on the first side of the head; and determining the angle of arrival based on the left-right angle of arrival and the front-back angle or arrival. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein computing the angle of arrival comprises: computing a time difference between the first input signal and the second input signal; computing a maximum time based on a spacing between the first microphone and the second microphone; and performing at least one inverse trigonometric operation on a ratio between the time difference and the maximum time. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein computing the time difference comprises: computing a phase difference between the first input signal and the second input signal; and performing one or more scaling operations on the phase difference. ### Claim 13 A head-worn audio system configured to deliver sound, the head-worn audio system comprising: a first microphone ensemble that is associated with a first side of the head-worn audio system; a second microphone ensemble that is associated with a second side of the head-worn audio system; a first speaker ensemble that is associated with the first side of the head-worn audio system; a memory storing a gain redistribution application; and a processor that is coupled to the memory, wherein, when executed by the processor, the gain redistribution application configures the processor to: determine that a source of a sound is present on the first side of the head-worn audio system based on a first input signal generated by the first microphone ensemble and a second input signal generated by the second microphone ensemble; perform one or more mixing operations on the first input signal and the second input signal to generate a first output signal, wherein the one or more mixing operations redistribute a gain associated with the first microphone ensemble to mitigate near field noise included in the first input signal; and transmit the first input signal to the first speaker ensemble. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The head-worn audio system of claim 13, further comprising a second speaker ensemble that is associated with the second side of the head-worn audio system and wherein the gain redistribution application further configures the processor to: perform one or more mixing operations on the first input signal and the second input signal to generate a second output signal; and transmit the second output signal to the second speaker ensemble. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The head-worn audio system of claim 13, wherein the gain redistribution application configures the processor to perform the one or more mixing operations by: performing a weighting operation on the first input signal based on a first redistribution factor to generate a first weighted input signal; performing a weighting operation on the second input signal based on at least one of an angle of arrival, one or more transfer functions, and a second redistribution factor to generate a second weighted input signal; and performing a summation operation across the first weighted input signal and the second weighted input signal. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The head-worn audio system of claim 15, wherein the one or more transfer functions include a first transfer function that represents modifications to the sound as the sound travels from the source of the sound to the first side of the head-worn audio system, and a second transfer function that represents modifications to the sound as the sound travels from the source of the sound to the second side of the head-worn audio system. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The head-worn audio system of claim 15, wherein the first redistribution factor is greater than the second redistribution factor, and the sum of the first redistribution factor and the second redistribution factor is approximately equal to one. ### Claim 18 (depends on 13) The head-worn audio system of claim 13, wherein the gain redistribution application configures the processor to determine that the source of the sound is present on the first side of the head-worn audio system by computing an angle of arrival between the source of the sound and a front operational face of the head-worn audio system. ### Claim 19 A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed by a processor, configure the processor within a head-worn audio system to perform the steps of: determining that a source of a sound is present on a first side of the head-worn audio system based on a first input signal generated by a first microphone that is associated with the first side of the head-worn audio system and a second input signal generated by a second microphone that is associated with a second side of the head-worn audio system; performing one or more mixing operations on the first input signal and the second input signal based on an angle of arrival between the source of the signal and a front operational face of the head-worn audio system to generate a first output signal that redistributes a gain associated with the first microphone; and transmitting the first output signal to a first speaker that is associated with the first side of the head-worn audio system. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, further comprising: performing one or more mixing operations on the first input signal and the second input signal based on the angle of arrival to generate a second output signal; and transmitting the second output signal to a second speaker that is associated with the second side of the head-worn audio system. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein performing the one or more mixing operations comprises: performing a weighting operation on the first input signal based on a first redistribution factor to generate a first weighted input signal; performing a weighting operation on the second input signal based on at least one of the angle of arrival, one or more transfer functions, and a second redistribution factor to generate a second weighted input signal; and performing a summation operation across the first weighted input signal and the second weighted input signal.