# US 10,374,782 B2 · Full duplex transmission method for high speed backplane system

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- Number: US 10,374,782 B2
- Document ID: US10374782B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/480,257
- Filed: 2017-04-05
- Published: 2017-07-20
- Granted: 2019-08-06
- Earliest claimed: 2011-06-23
- Assignees: Futurewei Technologies, Inc.
- Applicants: Futurewei Technologies, Inc.
- Inventors: Hiroshi Takatori
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10374782B2

## CPC

- H04L 5/143: {for modulated signals (H04L5/1469 takes precedence)}
- H04B 1/0475: {with means for limiting noise, interference or distortion (H04B1/0483 takes precedence)}
- H04B 1/0483: {Transmitters with multiple parallel paths}
- H04B 1/38: Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04L 5/14: Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
- H04L 5/1461: {Suppression of signals in the return path, i.e. bidirectional control circuits}
- H04L 7/042: {Detectors therefor, e.g. correlators, state machines (digital correlators in general G06F17/15)}
- H04L 27/36: Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
- H04L 27/366: {Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator}
- H04L 69/323: in the physical layer [OSI layer 1]
- H04W 88/14: Backbone network devices
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)
- H04B: TRANSMISSION
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)

## Abstract

A system for a backplane serializer/deserializer (SerDes) including first and second integrated circuits (IC). The first and second ICs include transmitters and receivers coupled to each other through first and second bidirectional links. A first receiver is configured to receive first data at a data rate on a first channel supported by both the first bidirectional link and the second bidirectional link. A second receiver is configured to receive second data at the data rate on a second channel supported by both the first bidirectional link and the second bidirectional link. The backplane SerDes is configured to transfer the first and second data in full duplex mode by employing two-bit pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-4) to reduce signaling speed of the first and second bidirectional links without reducing throughput of a lane pair including the first and second channels.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A backplane serializer/deserializer (SerDes) system, comprising:
a first integrated circuit (IC) comprising:
at least one first processor;
a first transmitter coupled to the at least one first processor and configured to transmit a first outgoing data received from the at least one first processor on a first trace;
a first receiver coupled to the at least one first processor and configured to receive a first incoming data on a second trace, the first receiver and the first transmitter forming a transmitter and receiver pair, the transmitter and receiver pair coupled to each of the first trace and the second trace;
a second transmitter coupled to the at least one first processor and configured to transmit a second outgoing data received from the at least one first processor on a third trace; and
a second receiver coupled to the at least one first processor and configured to receive a second incoming data on a fourth trace; and
a second IC comprising:
at least one second processor;
a third transmitter coupled to the at least one second processor and configured to transmit a third outgoing data received from the at least one second processor on the second trace;
a third receiver coupled to the at least one second processor and configured to receive a third incoming data on the first trace;
a fourth transmitter coupled to the at least one second processor and configured to transmit a fourth outgoing data received from the at least one second processor on the fourth trace; and
a fourth receiver coupled to the at least one second processor and configured to receive a fourth incoming data on the third trace,
wherein the first IC is configured to transmit the first outgoing data and to receive the first incoming data in full duplex mode over the first trace and the second trace of the backplane SerDes system at a first data rate and a second data rate, respectively, using a pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-4) modulation scheme, and
wherein the first IC is configured to increase a number of bits per symbol and reduce the first data rate of the first trace without reducing a total data throughput on the first trace.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The backplane SerDes system of claim 1, wherein the first trace, the second trace, the third trace, and the fourth trace each has a length of 40 inches of printed circuit board (PCB) trace, and wherein the backplane SerDes system is a 40-inch multi-lane backplane system defined in Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 10GBASE-KR 802.3ap, standard.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The backplane SerDes system of claim 1, wherein the first outgoing data simultaneously traverses the first trace while the first incoming data traverses the second trace without increasing bandwidth on the first trace and the second trace.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The backplane SerDes system of claim 1, wherein the full duplex mode is a full duplex transmission scheme as defined in Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 1000BASE-T 802.3ab, standard.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The backplane SerDes system of claim 1, wherein employing the full duplex mode causes increased data throughput on the first trace and the second trace without increasing bandwidth on the first trace and the second trace.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The backplane SerDes system of claim 1, wherein employing PAM-4 increases a data throughput rate by increasing a number of signaled bits per symbol by two in comparison to employing two-level pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-2).

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The backplane SerDes system of claim 1, wherein employing the full duplex mode is configured to double data throughput on the first trace and the second trace without increasing bandwidth on the first trace and the second trace.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The backplane SerDes system of claim 1, wherein the backplane SerDes system is a 40-inch multi-lane backplane system defined in Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 10GBASE-KR 802.3ap, standard.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The backplane SerDes system of claim 1, wherein the first data rate and the second data rate are equal, and wherein the first data rate and the second data rate are equal to 6 gigabit per second (Gbps), 10 Gbps, 12.5 Gbps, 20 Gbps, or 25 Gbps.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The backplane SerDes system of claim 1, wherein the reduced signaling speed of the first trace and the second trace decreases crosstalk over the first trace and the second trace.