# US 10,374,455 B2 · Uninterruptible power supply including battery modules connected directly to direct current-alternating current inverter > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,374,455 B2 - Document ID: US10374455B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/142,481 - Filed: 2016-04-29 - Published: 2017-11-02 - Granted: 2019-08-06 - Earliest claimed: 2016-04-29 - Assignees: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP - Applicants: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP - Inventors: Hai Ngoc Nguyen; Abhishek Banerjee - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10374455B2 ## CPC - H02J 9/062: {for AC powered loads} - H02J 7/575: {Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit} - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY ## Abstract In an example, an apparatus includes a charger for rectifying a direct current charge from an input alternating current voltage. A battery pack stores the direct current charge in a first string of battery modules and a second string of battery modules. An inverter is connected directly to the battery pack and inverts the direct current voltage to an output alternating current voltage. In one example, the first string of battery modules is directly connected to the inverter in parallel with the second string of battery modules. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus, comprising: an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) including: a charger for rectifying an input alternating current (AC) voltage to generate a direct current (DC) charge; a battery pack comprising a first string of battery modules and a second string of battery modules for storing the DC charge; an inverter connected directly to the battery pack; and a controller comprising: a DC feedforward component configured to: determine a state of health of the battery pack; and determine, based on the state of health of the battery pack, an available amount of DC voltage to the inverter; a reference voltage component configured to provide a reference voltage; and a modulation index adjustment component configured to dynamically adjust a modulation index of the inverter, based on the available amount of DC voltage and based on the reference voltage, wherein an output AC voltage is generated by the inverter based on the dynamically adjusted modulation index of the inverter; and the UPS is coupled to a device that operates according to a predefined threshold corresponding to the input AC voltage wherein: the device draws power from the input AC voltage through the UPS while the input AC voltage is within the predefined threshold, and the UPS activates the inverter when the input AC voltage is outside of the predefined threshold. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference voltage corresponds to generating the output AC voltage of 115 volts for a 3 kVA uninterruptible power supply. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first string of battery modules and the second string of battery module are in parallel, and wherein the available amount of DC voltage to the inverter is between 172 and 224 volts. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the output AC voltage is 115 volts. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first string of battery modules and the second string of battery modules are connected in parallel with the inverter, wherein a DC voltage across the first string of battery modules is equal to a DC voltage across the second string of battery modules, and the available amount of DC voltage to the inverter is the DC voltage across the parallel first string of battery modules and the second string of battery modules. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference voltage corresponds to generating the output AC voltage of 230 volts for a 6 kVA uninterruptible power supply. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first string of battery modules and the second string of battery module are in series, and wherein the available amount of DC voltage by the battery pack is between 344 and 448 volts. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller further comprises an output voltage peak setter component configured to adjust a peak voltage value of the output AC voltage based on the adjusted modulation index of the inverter and without a feedback from the output AC voltage. ### Claim 9 An apparatus comprising: an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) including: a charger for rectifying an input alternating current (AC) voltage to generate a direct current (DC) charge; a battery pack comprising a first string of battery modules and a second string of battery modules for storing the DC charge; an inverter, connected directly to the battery pack, inverting the DC charge to an output AC voltage; and a controller comprising: a DC feedforward component configured to: determine a state of health of the battery pack; and determine, based on the state of health of the battery pack, an available amount of DC voltage to the inverter; a reference voltage component configured to provide a reference voltage; and a modulation index adjustment component configured to dynamically adjust a modulation index of the inverter, based on the available amount of DC voltage and based on the reference voltage, wherein the output AC voltage is generated by the inverter based on the dynamically adjusted modulation index of the inverter; and the apparatus is coupled to a device that operates according to a predefined threshold corresponding to the input AC voltage, wherein the device draws power from the input AC voltage through the UPS while the input AC voltage is within the predefined threshold, and wherein the UPS activates the inverter when the input AC voltage is outside of the predefined threshold. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the reference voltage corresponds to generating the output AC voltage of 230 volts for a 6 kVA uninterruptible power supply. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first string of battery modules and the second string of battery module are in series, and wherein the available amount of DC voltage to the inverter is between 344 and 448 volts. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the output AC voltage is 230 volts. ### Claim 13 (depends on 9) The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first string of battery modules and the second string of battery modules are connected in series with the inverter, wherein a DC voltage across the first string of battery modules is equal to a DC voltage across the second string of battery modules, and the available amount of DC voltage provided to the inverter is a sum of the DC voltage across the first string of battery modules and the DC voltage across the second string of battery modules. ### Claim 14 (depends on 9) The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the controller further comprises an output voltage peak setter component configured to adjust a peak voltage value of the output AC voltage based on the adjusted modulation index of the inverter and without a feedback from the output AC voltage. ### Claim 15 A method comprising: operating an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) according to a predefined operating threshold corresponding to an input alternating current (AC) voltage, wherein a device draws power from the input AC voltage through the UPS while the input AC voltage is within a predefined threshold, wherein the UPS activates an inverter of the UPS when the input AC voltage is outside of the predefined threshold; drawing, by the inverter, a direct current (DC) voltage directly from a battery pack of the UPS, wherein the UPS comprises a controller that includes: a DC feedforward component configured to determine a state of health of the battery pack and determine, based on the state of health of the battery pack, an available amount of DC voltage to the inverter; a reference voltage component configured to provide a reference voltage; and a modulation index adjustment component configured to dynamically adjust a modulation index of the inverter, based on the available amount of DC voltage and based on the reference voltage; and generating, by the inverter, an output AC voltage based on the dynamically adjusted modulation index of the inverter. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein the UPS is a 3 kVA uninterruptible power supply with the output AC voltage of 115 volts, and wherein the battery pack comprises: a first string of battery modules; and a second string of battery modules, directly connected to the inverter in parallel with the first string of battery modules. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein the available amount of DC voltage to the inverter is between 172 and 224 volts, and the output AC voltage is 115 volts. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein the UPS is a 6 kVA uninterruptible power supply with the output AC voltage of 230 volts, and wherein the battery pack comprises: a first string of battery modules; and a second string of battery modules, directly connected to the inverter in series with the first string of battery modules. ### Claim 19 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein the available amount of DC voltage to the inverter is between 344 and 448 volts, and the output AC voltage is 230 volts. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein the controller further comprises an output voltage peak setter component, the method further comprising: adjusting a peak voltage value of the output AC voltage based, at least in part, on the adjusted modulation index of the inverter.