# US 10,374,415 B2 · Load restoration in a high or medium voltage substation > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,374,415 B2 - Document ID: US10374415B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/293,960 - Filed: 2016-10-14 - Published: 2017-02-02 - Granted: 2019-08-06 - Earliest claimed: 2014-04-17 - Assignees: ABB Schweiz AG - Applicants: ABB Schweiz AG - Inventors: Wolfgang Wimmer - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10374415B2 ## CPC - H02H 7/28: for meshed systems - H02H 3/05: with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements {(for logic circuits H03K19/003)} - H02H 3/06: with automatic reconnection - Y02E 60/00: Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation - Y04S 10/16: Electric power substations - Y04S 10/52: Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location - H02H: EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS (indicating or signalling undesired working conditions G01R, e.g. G01R31/00, G08B; locating faults along lines G01R31/08; emergency protective devices H01H) - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS ## Abstract The present invention is concerned with simplified configuration as well as supervision and testing of load restoration functions in high or medium voltage substations of electrical power transmission or distribution networks. The invention takes advantage of the fact that all information for load restoration is available from a standardized configuration representation and from dynamically observable events. Specifically, the IEC 61850 Substation Configuration Description (SCD) file includes the substation single line, the bus bar or breaker failure protection functionality related to it, and the way how reclosing commands can be conveyed for the restoration process. A load restore function or load transfer application observes the execution of a protection trip function and the concurrent connection state of the bays to bus bars in order to automatically restore the power flow across a failed bus bar segment to a parallel healthy bus bar segment. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A load restoration method in a substation with a bus bar connectable to a plurality of bays and loads, comprising: reading a standardized configuration description of a substation automation system and obtaining therefrom a static topology representative of at least a part of the substation, observing a switch status of a switching device of the substation, establishing a dynamic substation topology upon observation of a status change of the switch status, observing a trip isolating a segment of the bus bar, identifying an orphan bay previously connected to the isolated bus bar segment, identifying connecting switching devices between the orphan bay and an un-tripped bus bar segment, and issuing close commands on behalf of the connecting switching devices to connect the orphan bay to the un-tripped bus bar segment. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, comprising establishing, based on the dynamic substation topology, for each bay a connecting node to which the bay is connected, and identifying an orphan bay with a connecting node being part of the isolated bus bar segment. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, comprising establishing, based on the dynamic substation topology, protection zones for the bus bar, and establishing, for each bay a connecting protection zone to which the bay is connected, and identifying the orphan bay with a connecting protection zone related to the isolated bus bar segment. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, comprising, between the steps of observing the trip and identifying the orphan bay, the step of waiting for a delay time of at least 0.5 seconds. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the un-tripped bus bar segment is different from the isolated segment of the bus bar. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising issuing an open command to a disconnector in the isolated bus bar segment to connect the orphan bay to the un-tripped bus bar segment. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, further comprising issuing a close command to a bay circuit breaker of the orphan bay to connect the orphan bay to the un-tripped bus bar segment. ### Claim 8 An apparatus comprising an Intelligent Electronic Device IED in a substation with a bus bar connectable to a plurality of bays and loads, the IED configured to: read a standardized configuration description of a substation automation system and obtain therefrom a static topology representative of at least a part of the substation; observe a switch status of a switching device of the substation; establish a dynamic substation topology upon observation of a status change of the switch status; observe a trip isolating a segment of the bus bar; identify an orphan bay previously connected to the isolated bus bar segment; identify connecting switching devices between the orphan bay and an un-tripped bus bar segment, and issue close commands on behalf of the connecting switching devices to connect the orphan bay to the un-tripped bus bar segment. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the IED is further configured to: establish, based on the dynamic substation topology, for each bay a connecting node to which the bay is connected; and identify an orphan bay with a connecting node being part of the isolated bus bar segment. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the IED is further configured to: establish, based on the dynamic substation topology, protection zones for the bus bar; establish, for each bay a connecting protection zone to which the bay is connected, and identify the orphan bay with a connecting protection zone related to the isolated bus bar segment. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the IED is further configured to wait for a delay time of at least 0.5 seconds between the observing of the trip and the identifying of the orphan bay. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the un-tripped bus bar segment is different from the isolated segment of the bus bar. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the IED is further configured to issue an open command to a disconnector in the isolated bus bar segment to connect the orphan bay to the un-tripped bus bar segment. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein the IED is further configured to issue a close command to a bay circuit breaker of the orphan bay to connect the orphan bay to the un-tripped bus bar segment.