# US 10,372,012 B2 · Mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 10,372,012 B2
- Document ID: US10372012B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/097,680
- Filed: 2016-04-13
- Published: 2017-05-18
- Granted: 2019-08-06
- Earliest claimed: 2015-11-18
- Assignees: Wuhan University
- Applicants: Wuhan University
- Inventors: Guoping Wang; Sheng Chu; Bihong Zhan; Sheng Liu; Xingxing Yang; Qijuan Chen
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10372012B2

## CPC

- G02F 1/25: as to hue or predominant wavelength
- C23C 16/50: using electric discharges {(generation and control of plasma in discharge tubes for surface treatment H01J37/32, H01J37/34)}
- C23C 26/00: Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
- C25D 3/46: of silver
- C25D 7/006: {Nanoparticles}
- C25D 11/045: {for forming AAO templates}
- C25D 17/00: Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- G02F 1/0121: {Operation of devices; Circuit arrangements, not otherwise provided for in this subclass}
- G02F 1/133516: {Methods for their manufacture, e.g. printing, electro-deposition or photolithography}
- G02F 1/23: for the control of the colour (G02F1/03 - G02F1/21 take precedence)
- B33Y 10/00: Processes of additive manufacturing
- B33Y 80/00: Products made by additive manufacturing
- B82Y 20/00: Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
- B82Y 40/00: Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
- G02F 2202/16: conductive
- G02F 2202/36: Micro- or nanomaterials
- G02F 2203/10: plasmon
- G02F 2203/18: adaptive optics, e.g. wavefront correction
- G02F: OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- C23C: COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL (making metal-coated products by extrusion B21C23/22; covering with metal by connecting pre-existing layers to articles, see the relevant places, e.g. B21D39/00, B23K; metallising of glass C03C; metallising mortars, concrete, artificial stone, ceramics or natural stone C04B41/00; enamelling of, or applying a vitreous layer to, metals C23D; treating metal surfaces or coating of metals by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25D; single-crystal film growth C30B; by metallising textiles D06M11/83; decorating textiles by locally metallising D06Q1/04)
- C25D: PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- B33Y: ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES

## Abstract

A mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning, the external surface of which is covered by plasmonic cells is provided. Plasmonic cells, based on the combination of bimetallic nanodot arrays and electrochemical bias, use the electrochemical method elctrodepositing and stripping Ag shells on plasmonic Au nanodomes and then we achieve the reversible full color plasmonic cells/display. Plasmonic cells, under the control of circuits and sensors, make mechanical chameleon automatically change the color of its own when it's walking to the corresponding background color and always keeping the same color with the color background. This mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning can capture and simulate the entire color-patterns of the environment and then drive the color-changing process in individual cells, fully merging the mechanical chameleon into the surroundings, which makes this technology is readily approachable.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning, the external surface of mechanical chameleon is covered by plasmonic cells, the plasmonic cells integrating plasmonic color tunability and electrodeposition induced structural transformability; the fabrication process of the plasmonic cells comprising: electrodepositing and stripping Ag shells on plasmonic Au nanodomes through electrochemical method; and forming Au-core/Ag-shell nanodomes structure; the plasmonic cells, under the control of circuits and sensors, make mechanical chameleon automatically change the color of its own when it's walking to a background with a different color and always keeping the same color as the background.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning of claim 1, wherein: the fabrication process of Au-core/Ag-shell nanodomes structure comprises: firstly, an anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) film with highly ordered pores, serves as the template for etching a nano-hole array on SiO2, is transferred onto a SiO2 film with a thickness of 50 nm on ITO glass; then, reactive ion etching (RIE) is performed in order to remove all 50 nm SiO2 film underneath the AAO holes; and finally, the sample is packaged into a device and filled with gel electrolyte containing Ag+ion.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning of claim 1, wherein: the fabrication process of Au-core/Ag-shell nanodomes structure comprises: the 3-D print technology is used to get highly ordered Au array on the surface of SiO2 film with a thickness of 50 nm on ITO glass; and then the sample is packaged into a device and filled with gel electrolyte containing Ag+ion.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning of claim 1, wherein: the electrode of Au-core/Ag-shell nanodomes structure is based on standard three-electrode system and 1.5 V voltage difference between two electrodes is used, but still offers good stability and repeatability.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning of claim 1, wherein: the plasmonic cells display is modeled in the finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation part.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning of claim 1, comprising: electrodepositing the Ag shells on plasmonic Au nanodomes particles through electrochemical method, the evolution of nanodomes is characterized by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and an energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning of claim 1, wherein: the Au-core/Ag-shell nanostructures are set as hemi-ellipsoids structure.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning of claim 1, wherein: the mechanical chameleon equipped with autonomous control systems and a machine vision system is addressed by using the machine vision system, and acquired information from the machine vision system is automatically addressed and analyzed by the autonomous control systems and delivered to individual plasmonic cells, which is used to simulate the entire color-patterns of the environment so as to change the chameleon's body appearance accordingly.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning of claim 1, wherein: the mechanical chameleon is manufactured by using 3-D print technology.