# US 10,371,081 B2 · System and methods for adaptively determining turbocharger speed

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- Number: US 10,371,081 B2
- Document ID: US10371081B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/584,783
- Filed: 2017-05-02
- Published: 2018-11-08
- Granted: 2019-08-06
- Earliest claimed: 2017-05-02
- Assignees: Garrett Transportation I Inc.
- Applicants: Honeywell International Inc.
- Inventors: Haibin Wang; Gaofeng Liu; Yuguo Liu; Longfei Chen; Du You; Guihua Chen; Yunbin Gong; Xiaowei Du
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10371081B2

## CPC

- F02D 41/26: using computer, e.g. microprocessor
- F02D 41/10: for acceleration
- F02D 41/18: by measuring intake air flow
- G01P 3/44: for measuring angular speed (G01P3/56 takes precedence)
- G01P 3/48: by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage {(in general G01R23/00)}
- B81B 2201/0257: Microphones or microspeakers
- G01P 15/00: Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- H04R 1/028: {associated with devices performing functions other than acoustics, e.g. electric candles}
- H04R 2201/003: Mems transducers or their use
- Y02T 10/12: Improving ICE efficiencies
- F02D: CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES (vehicle fittings, acting on a single sub-unit only, for automatically controlling vehicle speed B60K31/00; conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function, road vehicle drive control systems for purposes other than the control of a single sub-unit B60W)
- G01P: MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT (measuring or recording blood flow A61B5/02, A61B8/06; monitoring speed or deceleration of electrically-propelled vehicles B60L3/00; vehicle lighting systems adapted to indicate speed B60Q1/54; determining position or course in navigation, measuring ground distance in geodesy or surveying G01C; combined measuring devices for measuring two or more variables of movement G01C23/00; measuring velocity of sound G01H; measuring velocity of light G01J7/00; measuring direction or velocity of solid objects by reception or emission of radiowaves or other waves and based on propagation effects, e.g. Doppler effect, propagation time, direction of propagation, G01S; measuring speed of nuclear radiation G01T; measuring acceleration of gravity G01V; {measuring or recording the speed of trains B61L23/00; speed indicators incorporated in motor vehicles B60K35/00; measuring frequency or phase G01R; traffic control G08G})
- B81B: MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES (piezoelectric, electrostrictive or magnetostrictive elements per se H10N30/00, H10N35/00)
- H04R: LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS (producing sounds with frequency not determined by supply frequency G10K)
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

Turbocharger systems and related methods and devices are provided for determining rotational speed of a turbocharger. A speed sensing device is mounted to a turbocharger and includes an acceleration sensing arrangement and an acoustic sensing arrangement. The speed sensing device outputs an acceleration-based speed value as the current turbo speed when the acceleration-based speed is stable, and otherwise outputs an acoustic-based speed value to as the current turbo speed if the acoustic-based speed value stable or outputs an estimated value as the current turbo speed when both of the acceleration-based and acoustic-based speeds are unstable. In exemplary embodiments, the acceleration sensing arrangement and the acoustic sensing arrangement are provided on a common substrate.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system comprising:
a turbocharger arrangement; and
a speed sensing device mounted to the turbocharger arrangement, wherein the speed sensing device includes:
an acceleration sensing arrangement;
an acoustic sensing arrangement;
a communications interface to output a current speed value; and
a control module coupled to the acceleration sensing arrangement, the acoustic sensing arrangement and the communications interface to provide an acceleration speed value to the communications interface as the current speed value when the acceleration speed value is stable, provide an acoustic speed value to the communications interface as the current speed value when the acceleration speed value is unstable and the acoustic speed value is stable, and provide an estimated speed value to the communications interface as the current speed value when both the acceleration speed value and the acoustic speed value are unstable.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, the acceleration sensing arrangement providing measured acceleration output signals to the control module and the acoustic sensing arrangement providing measured acoustic output signals to the control module, wherein the control module determines the acceleration speed value based at least in part on the measured acceleration output signals and determines the acoustic speed value based at least in part on the measured acoustic output signals.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the control module adaptively filters the measured acceleration output signals and the measured acoustic output signals based at least in part on the current speed value.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein:
the acceleration sensing arrangement comprises a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) accelerometer; and
the acoustic sensing arrangement comprises a MEMS microphone.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein:
the turbocharger arrangement includes a compressor coupled to a turbine; and
the speed sensing device is mounted to the compressor.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, the control module identifying one of the acceleration speed value and the acoustic speed value as more stable, wherein the estimated speed value is determined based on the more stable of the acceleration speed value and the acoustic speed value.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein:
the speed sensing device further comprises a data storage element coupled to the control module to store a preceding acceleration speed value and a preceding acoustic speed value; and
the estimated speed value is based at least in part on one of the preceding acceleration speed value and the preceding acoustic speed value.

### Claim 8

A speed sensing device comprising:
a substrate;
an acceleration sensing arrangement to output measured acceleration output signals, the acceleration sensing arrangement being disposed on the substrate;
an acoustic sensing arrangement to output measured acoustic output signals, the acoustic sensing arrangement being disposed on the substrate;
a communications interface;
a control module coupled to the acceleration sensing arrangement, the acoustic sensing arrangement and the communications interface to:
determine an acceleration speed value based at least in part on the measured acceleration output signals;
determine an acoustic speed value based at least in part on the measured acoustic output signals;
provide the acceleration speed value to the communications interface for output as a current speed value when the acceleration speed value is stable;
provide the acoustic speed value to the communications interface for output as the current speed value when the acceleration speed value is unstable and the acoustic speed value is stable; and
provide an estimated speed value to the communications interface for output as the current speed value when both the acceleration speed value and the acoustic speed value are unstable.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The speed sensing device of claim 8, wherein the communications interface and the control module are mounted on the substrate.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The speed sensing device of claim 8, further comprising a data storage element coupled to the control module to store a preceding acceleration speed value and a preceding acoustic speed value, wherein the estimated speed value is based at least in part on one of the preceding acceleration speed value and the preceding acoustic speed value.

### Claim 11 (depends on 8)

The speed sensing device of claim 8, wherein the control module filters the measured acceleration output signals and the measured acoustic output signals based at least in part on the current speed value.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The speed sensing device of claim 8, further comprising a third sensing arrangement on the substrate to provide signals indicative of an environmental condition, wherein the control module is coupled to the third sensing arrangement to detect the environmental condition and exclude one of the acceleration speed value and the acoustic speed value for output as the current speed value in response to detecting the environmental condition.

### Claim 13

A method of determining a rotational speed associated with a turbocharger, the method comprising:
determining, by a control module of a device mounted to the turbocharger, a first speed value based on first output signals from an acceleration sensing arrangement of the device;
determining, by the control module, a second speed value based on second output signals from an acoustic sensing arrangement of the device;
outputting, by the control module via a communications interface of the device, the first speed value as the rotational speed when the first speed value is stable; and
when the first speed value is unstable:
outputting, by the control module via the communications interface, the second speed value as the rotational speed when the second speed value is stable; and
outputting, by the control module via the communications interface, an estimated value as the rotational speed when the second speed value is unstable.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, further comprising:
determining the first speed value is stable when a first difference between the first speed value and a preceding speed value determined based on the first output signals is less than a first threshold; and
determining the second speed value is stable when a second difference between the second speed value and a preceding speed value determined based on the second output signals is less than a second threshold; and
determining the estimated value comprises:
determining the estimated value based at least in part on the preceding speed value determined based on the first output signals when the first difference is less than the second difference; and
determining the estimated value based at least in part on the preceding speed value determined based on the second output signals when the second difference is less than the first difference.

### Claim 15 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, further comprising:
adaptively filtering the first output signals based at least in part on the rotational speed prior to determining the first speed value; and
adaptively filtering the second output signals based at least in part on the rotational speed prior to determining the second speed value.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, further comprising receiving, by the control module via the communications interface, a maximum rotational speed reference value from a client device, wherein the control module adaptively filters the first and second output signals based at least in part on the rotational speed and the maximum rotational speed reference value.

### Claim 17 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein:
the acceleration sensing arrangement comprises a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) accelerometer;
the acoustic sensing arrangement comprises a MEMS microphone; and
the MEMS accelerometer and the MEMS microphone are provided on a common substrate.

### Claim 18 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, further comprising obtaining, by the control module from a third sensing arrangement of the device, signals indicative of an environmental condition, wherein outputting the first speed value comprises outputting the first speed value as the rotational speed when the first speed value is stable in the absence of the environmental condition.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The method of claim 18, further comprising preventing outputting the first speed value as the rotational speed in response to detecting the environmental condition.

### Claim 20 (depends on 13)

A computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon that are executable by the control module of the device to perform the method of claim 13.