# US 10,369,965 B2 · Electronic key system, on-board device, and electronic key > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,369,965 B2 - Document ID: US10369965B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/068,918 - Filed: 2016-12-16 - Published: 2019-01-17 - Granted: 2019-08-06 - Earliest claimed: 2016-01-14 - Assignees: Denso Corporation - Applicants: Denso Corporation - Inventors: Takashi Saiki; Ryusuke Ishikawa - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10369965B2 ## CPC - B60R 25/24: using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user - G07C 9/00309: {operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks} - G08C 17/02: using a radio link - E05B 81/54: Electrical circuits (for locking several wings simultaneously E05B77/48) - G07C 2009/005: {whereby the code is a random code} - G07C 2209/63: Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle - B60R: VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - G07C: TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE - G08C: TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS (fluid pressure transmitting systems F15B; mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member into a different variable G01D5/00; mechanical control systems G05G) - E05B: LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS ## Abstract An electronic key system includes an on-board device and an electronic key for wireless communication. The on-board device includes: a pattern determining unit sequentially changes and determines a variation pattern of the electromagnetic wave intensity of a measurement signal; a request signal generating unit generating a request signal to which the measurement signal is added; and an LF transmitter sequentially transmitting the request signal so that the variation pattern of the electromagnetic wave intensity of the measurement signal in the request signal is changed by the pattern determining unit. The electronic key includes: an LF receiver receiving the request signal; a measurement unit sequentially measuring the variation pattern; and a key transmitter transmitting a response signal to the on-board device. The on-board device further includes: an on-board device receiver receiving the response signal; and a verifying section establishing verification of the electronic key. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An electronic key system comprising: an on-board device that is configured to be used in a vehicle; and an electronic key that is configured to communicate wirelessly with the on-board device, wherein the on-board device includes a pattern determining section configured to sequentially change and determine a variation pattern of electromagnetic wave intensity of a measurement signal, which is to be transmitted with a variation in the electromagnetic wave intensity, a request signal generating section configured to generate a request signal including the measurement signal added to the request signal, and at least one LF transmitter, which is configured to sequentially transmit the request signal generated by the request signal generating section to change the electromagnetic wave intensity of the measurement signal included in the request signal received by the electronic key according to the variation pattern as determined by the pattern determining section in response to the electronic key receiving the request signal; wherein the electronic key includes an LF receiver configured to receive the request signal, a measurement unit configured to sequentially measure the variation pattern of the electromagnetic wave intensity of the measurement signal included in the request signal received by the LF receiver, and a key transmitter configured to transmit a response signal to the on-board device according to the request signal, in response to a reception of the request signal by the LF receiver and a measurement of the variation pattern by the measurement unit; and wherein the on-board device further includes an on-board device receiver configured to receive the response signal, and a verifying section configured to establish verification of the electronic key, based on a reception of the response signal by the on-board device receiver and a determination based on the response signal in response to the variation pattern measured by the measurement unit matching the variation pattern determined by the pattern determining section, wherein the at least one transmitter includes a plurality of the LF transmitters at different positions in the vehicle, wherein one or more of the plurality of LF transmitters is selected to transmit an individual signal component, which has a predetermined transmission power, to be included in the variation pattern of the measurement signal as determined by the pattern determining section, and wherein the one or more of the plurality of LF transmitters is selected based on the electromagnetic wave intensity, which is indicated by the variation pattern determined through the pattern determining section, and based on an arrangement of the plurality of LF transmitters. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The electronic key system according to claim 1, wherein the key transmitter transmits the response signal with the variation pattern, which is measured by the measurement unit, added to the response signal, and wherein the verifying section establishes the verification of the electronic key, based on the reception of the response signal by the on-board device receiver and a determination that the variation pattern included in the response signal matches the variation pattern determined by the pattern determining section. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The electronic key system according to claim 1, wherein the electronic key further includes: a change signal generating section that is configured to generate a pattern indicator signal indicating the variation pattern to be changed, and a response signal generating section that is configured to generate the response signal including the pattern indicator signal added to the response signal, and wherein the request signal generating section of the on-board device that is configured to determine another variation pattern after the variation pattern is changed in accordance with the pattern indicator signal included in the response signal received by the on-board device receiver. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The electronic key system according to claim 3, wherein the electronic key further includes an electronic key determining section is configured to determine whether the other variation pattern measured by the measurement unit matches the variation pattern indicated by the pattern indicator signal generated by the change signal generating section, and wherein the key transmitter is configured to transmit the response signal in response to the electronic key determining section determining the other variation pattern of the electromagnetic wave intensity of the measurement signal matching the variation pattern indicated by the pattern indicator signal generated by the change signal generating section. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The electronic key system according to claim 3, wherein the electronic key further includes an electronic key determining section that is configured to determine whether the other variation pattern measured by the measurement unit matches the variation pattern indicated by the pattern indicator signal generated by the change signal generating section, and a determination results adding section that is configured to add a determination result of the electronic key determining section to the response signal, and wherein the verifying section of the on-board device is configured to establish the verification of the electronic key, based on the determination results included in the response signal indicating a content in which the other variation pattern measured by the measurement unit matches the variation pattern indicated by the pattern indicator signal generated by the change signal generating section. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The electronic key system according to claim 1, wherein the pattern determining section is configured to change the variation pattern every time the request signal is transmitted. ### Claim 7 An on-board device configured to be used in a vehicle and to communicate wirelessly with an electronic key, the on-board device comprising: a pattern determining section that is configured to sequentially change and determine a variation pattern of electromagnetic wave intensity of a measurement signal, which is to be transmitted with a variation in the electromagnetic wave intensity; a request signal generating section that is configured to generate a request signal including the measurement signal added to the request signal; at least one LF transmitter that is configured to sequentially transmit the request signal generated by the request signal generating section to change the electromagnetic wave intensity of the measurement signal included in the request signal received by the electronic key according to the variation pattern as determined by the pattern determining section in response to the electronic key communicating wirelessly with the on-board device to receive the request signal; an on-board device receiver that is configured to receive a response signal transmitted by the electronic key, in response to the electronic key receiving the request signal and measuring the variation pattern of the electromagnetic wave intensity of the measurement signal included in the request signal; and a verifying section that is configured to establish verification of the electronic key, based on a reception of the response signal by the on-board device receiver and a determination based on the response signal in response to the variation pattern measured by the electronic key matching the variation pattern determined by the pattern determining section, wherein the at least one transmitter includes a plurality of the LF transmitters at different positions in the vehicle, wherein one or more of the plurality of LF transmitters is selected to transmit an individual signal component, which has a predetermined transmission power, to be included in the variation pattern of the measurement signal as determined by the pattern determining section, and wherein the one or more of the plurality of LF transmitters is selected based on the electromagnetic wave intensity, which is indicated by the variation pattern determined through the pattern determining section, and based on an arrangement of the plurality of LF transmitters. ### Claim 8 An electronic key configured to communicate wirelessly with an on-board device used in a vehicle, the electronic key comprising: an LF receiver that is configured to receive a request signal, which is transmitted by the on-board device, with a measurement signal for measurement of electromagnetic wave intensity; a measurement unit that is configured to sequentially measure a variation pattern of the electromagnetic wave intensity of the measurement signal included in the request signal received by the LF receiver; a key transmitter that is configured to transmit a response signal to the on-board device in response to the request signal, based on a reception of the request signal by the LF receiver and a measurement of the variation pattern by the measurement unit; a change signal generating section that is configured to generate a pattern indicator signal, which instructs the on-board device to change and transmit the variation pattern of the electromagnetic wave intensity of a measurement signal; and a response signal generating section that is configured to generate the response signal including the pattern indicator signal added to the response signal. ### Claim 9 An electronic key system comprising: an on-board device that is configured to be used in a vehicle; and an electronic key that is configured to communicate wirelessly with the on-board device, wherein the on-board device includes a pattern determining section configured to sequentially change and determine a variation pattern of electromagnetic wave intensity of a measurement signal, which is to be transmitted with a variation in the electromagnetic wave intensity, a request signal generating section configured to generate a request signal including the measurement signal added to the request signal, and an LF transmitter, which is configured to sequentially transmit the request signal generated by the request signal generating section to change the electromagnetic wave intensity of the measurement signal included in the request signal received by the electronic key according to the variation pattern as determined by the pattern determining section in response to the electronic key receiving the request signal; wherein the electronic key includes an LF receiver configured to receive the request signal, a measurement unit configured to sequentially measure the variation pattern of the electromagnetic wave intensity of the measurement signal included in the request signal received by the LF receiver, and a key transmitter configured to transmit a response signal to the on-board device according to the request signal, in response to a reception of the request signal by the LF receiver and a measurement of the variation pattern by the measurement unit; and wherein the on-board device further includes an on-board device receiver configured to receive the response signal, and a verifying section configured to establish verification of the electronic key, based on a reception of the response signal by the on-board device receiver and a determination based on the response signal in response to the variation pattern measured by the measurement unit matching the variation pattern determined by the pattern determining section, and wherein the electronic key further includes: a change signal generating section that is configured to generate a pattern indicator signal indicating the variation pattern to be changed, and a response signal generating section that is configured to generate the response signal including the pattern indicator signal added to the response signal, and wherein the request signal generating section of the on-board device is configured to determine another variation pattern after the variation pattern is changed in accordance with the pattern indicator signal included in the response signal received by the on-board device receiver. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The electronic key system according to claim 9, wherein the LF transmitter is configured to change transmission power of the measurement signal included in the request signal with the variation pattern as determined by the pattern determining section in response to transmitting the request signal. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The electronic key system according to claim 9, wherein the on-board device further includes a plurality of the LF transmitters at different positions in the vehicle, wherein one or more of the plurality of LF transmitters is selected to transmit an individual signal component, which has a predetermined transmission power, to be included in the variation pattern of the measurement signal as determined by the pattern determining section, and wherein the one or more of the plurality of LF transmitters is selected based on the electromagnetic wave intensity, which is indicated by the variation pattern determined through the pattern determining section, and based on an arrangement of the plurality of LF transmitters. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The electronic key system according to claim 9, wherein the electronic key further includes an electronic key determining section is configured to determine whether the other variation pattern measured by the measurement unit matches the variation pattern indicated by the pattern indicator signal generated by the change signal generating section, and wherein the key transmitter is configured to transmit the response signal in response to the electronic key determining section determining the other variation pattern of the electromagnetic wave intensity of the measurement signal matching the variation pattern indicated by the pattern indicator signal generated by the change signal generating section. ### Claim 13 (depends on 9) The electronic key system according to claim 9, wherein the electronic key further includes an electronic key determining section that is configured to determine whether the other variation pattern measured by the measurement unit matches the variation pattern indicated by the pattern indicator signal generated by the change signal generating section, and a determination results adding section that is configured to add a determination result of the electronic key determining section to the response signal, and wherein the verifying section of the on-board device is configured to establish the verification of the electronic key, based on the determination results included in the response signal indicating a content in which the other variation pattern measured by the measurement unit matches the variation pattern indicated by the pattern indicator signal generated by the change signal generating section.