# US 10,369,557 B2 · Three-dimensional printed objects for chemical reaction control > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,369,557 B2 - Document ID: US10369557B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/485,726 - Filed: 2017-04-12 - Published: 2018-10-18 - Granted: 2019-08-06 - Earliest claimed: 2017-04-12 - Assignees: International Business Machines Corporation - Applicants: International Business Machines Corporation - Inventors: Scott B. King; Brandon M. Kobilka; Joseph Kuczynski; Jason T. Wertz - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10369557B2 ## CPC - B01J 31/2295: {Cyclic compounds, e.g. cyclopentadienyls} - B01J 37/0009: {Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst} - B29C 64/10: Processes of additive manufacturing - B29C 64/106: using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material - B33Y 50/00: Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing - B33Y 70/00: Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing - B33Y 80/00: Products made by additive manufacturing - B01J 2231/10: Polymerisation reactions involving at least dual use catalysts, e.g. for both oligomerisation and polymerisation - B01J 2231/34: Other additions, e.g. Monsanto-type carbonylations, addition to 1,2-C=X or 1,2-C-X triplebonds, additions to 1,4-C=C-C=X or 1,4-C=-C-X triple bonds with X, e.g. O, S, NH/N - B01J 2231/4277: C-X Cross-coupling, e.g. nucleophilic aromatic amination, alkoxylation or analogues - B29C 64/112: using individual droplets, e.g. from jetting heads - B29C 64/386: Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing - B33Y 10/00: Processes of additive manufacturing - B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS - B29C: SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING (making preforms B29B11/00; making laminated products by combining previously unconnected layers which become one product whose layers will remain together B32B37/00 - B32B41/00) - B33Y: ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING ## Abstract An article of manufacture includes a three-dimensional (3D) printed object for chemical reaction control. The 3D printed object includes a chemical reactant to be released to control a chemical reaction according to a chemical reactant release profile. The chemical reactant release profile is determined based on a shape of the 3D printed object. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A process of forming a three-dimensional (3D) printed object for chemical reaction control, the process comprising: determining, by a processor, for a chemical reaction to be performed according to a specific set of reaction parameters, a chemical reactant release profile for one or more chemical reactants to be released to control the chemical reaction, wherein the chemical reactant release profile indicates a concentration level of each of the one or more chemical reactants; determining a shape of a three-dimensional (3D) object to release the one or more chemical reactants according to the chemical reactant release profile, wherein the shape of the 3D object includes one or more arms, each of the one or more arms being at least one of the one or more chemical reactants; generating chemical reactant 3D printing instructions corresponding to the shape of the 3D object; and utilizing a 3D printer to form a 3D printed object according to the chemical reactant 3D printing instructions, the 3D printed object including the one or more chemical reactants to be released to control the chemical reaction according to the chemical reactant release profile. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, wherein the chemical reaction includes a cross-coupling polymerization reaction, a substitution nucleophilic (SN2) reaction, a Grignard reaction, a living anionic polymerization reaction, a living cationic polymerization reaction, a living ring-opening metathesis polymerization reaction, a living free radical polymerization reaction, or a living chain-growth polycondensation reaction. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, further comprising utilizing the 3D printer to encapsulate the 3D printed object in an encapsulating material. ### Claim 4 A computer-implemented method comprising: determining, by a processor, for a chemical reaction to be performed according to a specific set of reaction parameters, a chemical reactant release profile for one or more chemical reactants to be released to control the chemical reaction, wherein the chemical reactant release profile indicates a concentration level of each of the one or more chemical reactants; determining a shape of a three-dimensional (3D) object to release the one or more chemical reactants according to the chemical reactant release profile, wherein the shape of the 3D object includes one or more arms, each of the one or more arms being at least one of the one or more chemical reactants; generating chemical reactant 3D printing instructions corresponding to the shape of the 3D object, the chemical reactant 3D printing instructions to be utilized to form a 3D printed object that includes the one or more chemical reactants to be released to control the chemical reaction according to the chemical reactant release profile; and utilizing a 3D printer to form the 3D printed object according to the chemical reactant 3D printing instructions, wherein the 3D printer includes a 6-axis 3D printer. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The computer-implemented method of claim 4, further comprising storing the chemical reactant 3D printing instructions at a computer-readable storage device of a first entity, the stored chemical reactant 3D printing instructions to be utilized by a second entity to form the 3D printed object using a 3D printer. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The computer-implemented method of claim 5, wherein the first entity performs the chemical reaction according to the specific set of reaction parameters, and wherein the stored chemical reactant 3D printing instructions are utilized by the second entity to reproduce the chemical reaction according to the specific set of reaction parameters. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The computer-implemented method of claim 5, wherein the chemical reactant 3D printing instructions are stored at the computer-readable storage device in an object (.obj) file format.