# US 10,368,756 B2 · Sensing circuit with cascaded reference > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,368,756 B2 - Document ID: US10368756B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/396,113 - Filed: 2016-12-30 - Published: 2017-08-03 - Granted: 2019-08-06 - Earliest claimed: 2015-12-31 - Assignees: BioPause LLC - Applicants: BioPause LLC - Inventors: Jason Felix; Leslie Ann Chertok; Laureli Shimayo; Vandana Verma - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10368756B2 ## CPC - A61B 5/0245: by using sensing means generating electric signals, {i.e. ECG signals} - A61B 5/0255: Recording instruments specially adapted therefor - A61B 5/308: for electrocardiography [ECG] - A61B 5/486: {Biofeedback (using electroencephalography [EEG] A61B5/375)} - A61B 5/681: {Wristwatch-type devices} - A61B 5/7214: {using signal cancellation, e.g. based on input of two identical physiological sensors spaced apart, or based on two signals derived from the same sensor, for different optical wavelengths} - A61B 5/7225: {Details of analogue processing, e.g. isolation amplifier, gain or sensitivity adjustment, filtering, baseline or drift compensation (input circuits for detecting, measuring, or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals A61B5/30; specific diagnostic methods using bioelectric or biomagnetic signals A61B5/316)} - A61B 5/725: {using specific filters therefor, e.g. Kalman or adaptive filters (specific diagnostics methods using using bioelectric or biomagnetic signals A61B5/316)} - A61B 5/7275: {Determining trends in physiological measurement data; Predicting development of a medical condition based on physiological measurements, e.g. determining a risk factor} - A61B 5/7282: {Event detection, e.g. detecting unique waveforms indicative of a medical condition (cough events A61B5/0823; seizures A61B5/4094; sleep apnoea A61B5/4818)} - A61B 5/743: {Displaying an image simultaneously with additional graphical information, e.g. symbols, charts, function plots} - A61B 5/7465: {Arrangements for interactive communication between patient and care services, e.g. by using a telephone network (telemetry of measured physiological signal A61B5/0002)} - A61B 5/02438: {with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient} - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) ## Abstract This disclosure provides cascaded reference circuits and low amplitude signal sensing circuits that are useful in wearable devices. Circuits for measuring electrovesselgram (EVG) and subdermal spectrogram (SSG) are provided, as well as methods for using these circuits to determine quantities and qualities of a person's moods, such as how much and what kinds of stress they experience. The provided devices are useful on limbs and appendages, such as in a smart watch that is worn on the wrist. Methods are provided for using the devices of this disclosure to privately alert wearers to an increase in bad stress in the moment when they can take actions to reduce their stress and physiological stress responses. These devices are useful for measuring and increasing the effectiveness of relaxation techniques. As a result of using methods and devices of this disclosure, people are healthier, they make more response-able decisions, and relationships improve. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A circuit for sensing an electrovesselgram (EVG) signal comprising: a. a first circuit for providing a cascaded reference comprising: i. a first reference generator comprising: a first pair of resistors configured to inject a driven first reference containing a DC voltage and noise selected from the group comprising: power supply noise, system noise, and both power supply noise and system noise, to a second reference generator; ii. said second reference generator comprising: a second pair of resistors configured to inject a driven second reference containing the combined output of the first reference generator and an arbitrary input into an organism; b. a second circuit for acquiring EVG signals, electrically connected to said first circuit, comprising: i. one or more sensing electrodes configured to receive a signal from said organism; ii. a low-pass filter configured to receive said organism signal from said one or more sensing electrodes; iii. a first amplifier configured to receive the low-pass filter output; iv. a high-pass filter configured to receive said the first amplifier output; and v. a second amplifier configured to receive the high-pass filter output and configured to output an amplified and filtered EVG signal; wherein said first circuit is, independently of said organism, electrically connected to said second circuit. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1, wherein said low pass filter and said second amplifier is referenced to said first reference generator output or said second reference generator output or said second reference generator output. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1 wherein said second circuit is also configured to be electrically connected to said first circuit through said organism at two points that are: on an appendage selected from the group comprising of: wrist, forearm, finger, thumb, upper arm, ear, calf, ankle, knee, foot, toe, neck, and tail. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1 wherein said first circuit is configured to provide said cascaded reference within 5 inches to where said one or more sensing electrodes receive said organism signal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1 that is configured to be body worn and configured to be isolated from earth ground. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1 further comprising one or more of the group comprising: a second circuit protection resistor configured to be in series with said one or more sensing electrodes, a second circuit AC coupling capacitor configured to be in series with said one or more sensing electrodes, and a second low-pass filter connected to the output of said second circuit. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1 that is configured to be contained on a flexible band. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The system of claim 7 that is configured to be worn on an appendage selected from the group comprising of: wrist, forearm, finger, thumb, upper arm, ear, calf, ankle, knee, foot, toe, neck, and tail. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The system of claim 7 that is configured with two sensing electrodes.