Negative electrode including a polymeric single-ion conductor coating
AssigneeGM Global Technology Operations LLC
InventorsLi Yang, Mei Cai, Qiangfeng Xiao, Xiaosong Huang, Mark W. Verbrugge
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Abstract
A negative electrode includes a metal substrate and a polymeric single-ion conductor coating formed on a surface of the metal substrate. The metal substrate is selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, and zinc. The polymeric single-ion conductor coating is formed of i) a metal salt of a sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene-based fluoropolymer copolymer or ii) a polymeric metal salt having an initial polymeric backbone and pendent metal salt groups attached to the initial polymeric backbone.
Claims18
A negative electrode, consisting essentially of:
- a metal substrate selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, and zinc;
- and
- a polymeric single-ion conductor coating formed on a surface of the metal substrate, the polymeric single-ion conductor coating formed of a polymeric metal salt having a polymeric backbone and pendent metal salt groups attached to the polymeric backbone,
- wherein the polymeric backbone is selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene oxide, polyimide, and co-polymers thereof, and the pendent metal salt groups are attached directly to one of the polyolefin, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene oxide, and polyimide, and
- wherein the polymeric single-ion conductor coating has a comb-like structure where the polymeric backbone extends across the surface and the pendent metal salt groups are attached to the polymeric backbone so as to extend outward and away from the surface at a predetermined position.
An electrochemical cell, comprising:
- a positive electrode;
- and
- a negative electrode consisting essentially of:
- a metal substrate selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, and zinc;
- and
- a polymeric single-ion conductor coating formed on a surface of the metal substrate, the polymeric single-ion conductor coating formed of a polymeric metal salt having a polymeric backbone and pendent metal salt groups attached to the polymeric backbone;
- wherein the polymeric single-ion conductor coating faces the positive electrode and the polymeric backbone is selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene oxide, polyimide, and co-polymers thereof, and the pendent metal salt groups are attached directly to one of the polyolefin, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene oxide, and polyimide, and
- wherein the polymeric single-ion conductor coating has a comb-like structure where the polymeric backbone extends across the surface and the pendent metal salt groups are attached to the polymeric backbone so as to extend outward and away from the surface at a predetermined position.
A method for obtaining a homogeneous distribution of metal ions across a surface of a metal substrate, the method comprising:
- selecting the metal substrate from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, and zinc;
- and
- forming a polymeric single-ion conductor coating on the surface of the metal substrate, the polymeric single-ion conductor coating formed of i) a metal salt of a sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene-based fluoropolymer copolymer or ii) a polymeric metal salt having a polymeric backbone and pendent metal salt groups attached to the polymeric backbone, wherein the polymeric backbone is selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, polyvinylidene fluoride, polysulfone, polyethylene oxide, polyacrylate, polysiloxane, poly(vinyl acetate), polyimide, and co-polymers thereof and the pendent metal salt groups are attached directly to one of the polyolefin, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene oxide, polysulfone and polyimide
- wherein forming the polymeric single-ion conductor coating on the surface of the metal substrate includes:
- forming a coating composition including a solvent and one of the metal salt of sulfonate tetrafluoroethylene-based fluoropolymer copolymer or the polymeric metal salt dissolved or dispersed in the solvent;
- coating the coating composition on a sacrificial material;
- drying the coating to form a free-standing film;
- removing the sacrificial material from the free-standing film;
- and
- vacuum depositing the metal substrate on the free-standing film.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.