# US 10,320,403 B2 · Wideband polar receiver architecture and signal processing methods

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- Number: US 10,320,403 B2
- Document ID: US10320403B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/614,560
- Filed: 2017-06-05
- Published: 2017-11-09
- Granted: 2019-06-11
- Earliest claimed: 2015-12-02
- Assignees: Innophase, Inc.
- Applicants: Innophase Inc.
- Inventors: Yang Xu; Sara Munoz Hermoso; Roc Berenguer Perez
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10320403B2

## CPC

- H03L 7/24: using a reference signal directly applied to the generator
- H03D 3/007: {by converting the oscillations into two quadrature related signals (H03D3/245 takes precedence)}
- H04L 27/389: {with separate demodulation for the phase and amplitude components}
- H03D 2200/006: Signal sampling
- H03L: AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES (generation of oscillations H03B)
- H03D: DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER (masers, lasers H01S; circuits capable of acting both as modulator and demodulator H03C; details applicable to both modulators and frequency-changers H03C; demodulating pulses H03K9/00; transforming types of pulse modulation H03K11/00; coding, decoding or code conversion, in general H03M; repeater stations H04B7/14; demodulators adapted for AC systems of digital information transmission H04L27/00; synchronous demodulators adapted for colour television H04N9/66)
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)

## Abstract

Wideband polar receivers and method of operation are described. A phase-modulated input signal is received at a polar receiver that includes an injection-locked oscillator. The injection-locked oscillator includes a plurality of injection points. Based on the frequency of the input signal, a particular Nth harmonic is selected, and the input signal is injected at the set of injection points corresponding to the selected Nth harmonic. The injection-locked oscillator generates an oscillator output signal, and the phase of the input signal is determined from the phase of the oscillator output signal. In some embodiments, the oscillator output signal is frequency-multiplied by N, mixed with the input signal, and filtered for use in amplitude detection. The input signal is decoded based on the phase and amplitude information.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method comprising:
receiving a phase-modulated input signal at a polar receiver including an injection-locked oscillator (ILO);
determining a frequency channel and selecting one of a plurality of band-specific amplifiers;
using a controller for the selected band-specific amplifier to switch a capacitor bank for setting a center frequency and a 3 dB bandwidth of the selected band-specific amplifier corresponding to the frequency channel;
using the controller to tune a free-running frequency of the ILO to be an Nth harmonic of a frequency of the frequency channel such that the frequency of the input signal divided by N is within a locking range of the ILO;
operating the injection-locked oscillator to provide an oscillator output signal, wherein a frequency of the oscillator output signal multiplied by N is near the center frequency of the determined frequency channel; and
multiplying the frequency of the oscillator output signal by a factor of N to generate a frequency-multiplied oscillator signal.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising calibrating a plurality of band-specific amplifiers, comprising:
determining, by a coarse tuning process, a set of most significant input bits to the capacitor bank; and
determining, by a fine tuning process, a set of least significant input bits to the capacitor bank,
wherein switching the capacitor bank according to a combination of the sets of most significant and least significant input bits configures one or more filters corresponding to a center frequency and a 3 dB bandwidth.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2, wherein the coarse tuning process comprises:
iteratively increasing a quality factor Q value of the filter for the selected amplifier until the selected amplifier oscillates;
determining a frequency corresponding to the Q value causing the selected amplifier to oscillate; and
determining the most significant input bits to the capacitor bank based on the frequency corresponding to amplifier oscillation.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3, wherein increasing the quality factor Q comprises altering a bias point of a set of cross-coupled transistors of a tank circuit.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2, wherein the fine tuning process comprises iteratively adjusting the least significant input bits to the capacitor bank until the filter for the selected amplifier matches the center frequency and the 3 dB bandwidth for the frequency channel.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5, wherein iteratively adjusting the least significant input bits to the capacitor bank comprises:
adjusting the least significant input bits to the capacitor bank;
generating one or more tone signals and applying those tone signals to the filter;
measuring an amplitude of each of the one or more filtered tone signals to determine a frequency of peak output of the filter and a 3 dB bandwidth of the filter; and
repeating the adjustment of the least significant input bits to the capacitor bank until the peak output of the filter matches the center frequency and the 3 dB bandwidth of the frequency channel.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising:
mixing the frequency-multiplied oscillator signal with the input signal to generate a mixed signal;
filtering the mixed signal;
sampling the filtered mixed signal; and
measuring a phase of the oscillator output.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the injection-locked oscillator is a ring oscillator including a plurality of sequential buffers.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, wherein multiplying the oscillator output signal includes combining a first buffer output of a first one of the buffers and a second buffer output of a second one of the buffers with an XOR operation.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting a value of N based on the frequency of the input signal.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein N is an integer greater than one.

### Claim 12

A polar receiver for measuring the phase of a phase-modulated RF input signal, the receiver comprising:
a plurality of band-specific amplifiers, each amplifier configured to amplify RF signals in a respective predetermined frequency band;
a first tuning circuit configured to tune one of the plurality of band-specific amplifiers for a center frequency of a frequency channel within a predetermined frequency band;
an injection-locked oscillator including at least a first set of injection points and a second set of injection points, each set of injection points corresponding to a different harmonic of the injection-locked oscillator, the injection-locked oscillator further having an oscillator output;
a second tuning circuit configured to tune the injection-locked oscillator based on the center frequency of the frequency channel within the predetermined frequency band;
injection selection circuitry operative to selectively provide the input signal from a selected amplifier of the plurality of band-specific amplifiers to a selected one of the sets of injection points; and
phase detection circuitry connected to the oscillator output.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The receiver of claim 12, wherein the phase detection circuity comprises:
a frequency divider having an input connected to the oscillator output, the frequency divider further having a frequency-divided output; and
a time-to-digital converter connected to the frequency-divided output.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The receiver of claim 12, wherein the injection-locked oscillator is a ring oscillator.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The receiver of claim 14, wherein the ring oscillator includes four buffers, and wherein:
a first set of injection points consists of respective injection points at a first, second, third and fourth one of the buffers; and
a second set of injection points consists of respective injection points at a second and a fourth one of the buffers.

### Claim 16 (depends on 12)

The receiver of claim 12, wherein the injection-locked oscillator is a ring oscillator comprising a plurality of sequential buffers, each buffer having a corresponding current source, and wherein each injection point is operative to modulate a respective one of the current sources.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The receiver of claim 16, wherein each of the buffers introduces a buffer phase shift, and wherein a set of injection points associated with a second harmonic includes at least two differential injection points separated by a total buffer phase shift of substantially 90°.

### Claim 18 (depends on 16)

The receiver of claim 16, wherein each of the buffers introduces a buffer phase shift, and wherein a set of injection points associated with a fourth harmonic includes at least two differential injection points separated by a total buffer phase shift of substantially 45°.

### Claim 19 (depends on 12)

The receiver of claim 12, further comprising controller logic operative to perform functions comprising:
in response to a selection of an input signal frequency, selecting an Nth harmonic of the injection-locked oscillator such that the input signal frequency divided by N is within a locking range of the injection-locked oscillator; and
controlling the injection selection circuitry to provide the input signal to a set of injection points corresponding to the Nth harmonic.