# US 10,320,370 B2 · Methods and circuits for adjusting parameters of a transceiver > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,320,370 B2 - Document ID: US10320370B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 13/728,910 - Filed: 2012-12-27 - Published: 2013-07-04 - Granted: 2019-06-11 - Earliest claimed: 2011-12-30 - Assignees: MoSys, Inc. - Applicants: MoSys, Inc. - Inventors: Prashant Choudhary; Haidang Lin; Alvin Wang; Saman Behtash; Shaishav Desai - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10320370B2 ## CPC - H03K 5/00: Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass (circuits with regenerative action H03K3/00, H03K4/00; by the use of non-linear magnetic or dielectric devices H03K3/45) - H04L 25/03057: {with a recursive structure (H04L25/03031 takes precedence)} - H04L 25/03885: {adaptive} - H04L 25/03343: {Arrangements at the transmitter end} - H04L 2025/03356: {Baseband transmission} - H04L 2025/03636: {Algorithms using least mean square [LMS]} - H04L 2025/03802: {Signalling on the reverse channel} - H03K: PULSE TECHNIQUE (measuring pulse characteristics G01R; modulating sinusoidal oscillations with pulses H03C; transmission of digital information H04L; discriminator circuits detecting phase difference between two signals by counting or integrating cycles of oscillation H03D3/04; automatic control, starting, synchronisation or stabilisation of generators of electronic oscillations or pulses where the type of generator is irrelevant or unspecified H03L; coding, decoding or code conversion, in general H03M) - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract Methods and circuits for analyzing a signal and adjusting parameters of an equalizer for a signal. The signal is received at a receiver over a channel wherein the signal has a wave form. The signal is equalized at an equalizer using an adjustable parameter for the equalization. Data points from the signal are sampled between upper and lower limits of a threshold at an error sampler. A performance metric of the signal is computed based on a statistical density of the data points from the signal between the upper and lower limits of the threshold. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for transforming a corrupt signal to an equalized signal in a receiver, comprising: receiving said corrupt signal at said receiver over a channel wherein said corrupt signal has a wave form; sampling data points of said corrupt signal at an error sampler between an upper limit and a lower limit for each of a positive threshold (TH) range and of a negative threshold (−TH) range; generating, in said error sampler, a performance metric of said corrupt signal based on a density of said data points of said corrupt signal that are disposed within said upper limit and said lower limit of said positive threshold (TH) range and of said negative threshold (−TH) range; sending said performance metric from said error sampler to an equalizer for adjusting an adjustable parameter; automatically adjusting said adjustable parameter at said equalizer based on said performance metric; and equalizing said corrupt signal in said equalizer to create said equalized signal based on said adjustable parameter; and wherein: said sampling of data points of said corrupt signal at said error sampler is not required between said lower limit of said positive threshold (TH) range and said upper limit of said negative threshold (−TH) range. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein said upper limit and said lower limit of said positive threshold (TH) range and of said negative threshold (−TH) range encompass a portion of said wave form. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 further comprising: adjusting said upper and lower limits of said positive threshold (TH) range and of said negative threshold (−TH) range; and repeating said sampling operation of said data points from said signal to sample a distribution. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein said operation of sampling data points samples a predetermined number of data points as a bit count of data points. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: storing said performance metric at said error sampler. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein: a given wave form is communicated in parallel to a plurality of error samplers; and said operations of sampling data points and generating said performance metric occur in parallel at a plurality of error samplers in a device, wherein each of said plurality of error samplers samples said data points from a different portion of said wave form. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: repeating said operation of sampling data points; generating a second performance metric of said signal based on a density of said data points from said signal between said upper and lower limits of said positive threshold (TH) range and of said negative threshold (−TH) range; sending said second performance metric from said error sampler to said equalizer for adjusting said adjustable parameter; determining whether said performance metric or said second performance metric is a highest performance metric; and storing said highest performance metric. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: repeating operations of sampling said data points, said generating said performance metric, and said sending said performance metric for a plurality of parameters. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein said equalizer is selected from a group of equalizers consisting of: a continuous time linear equalizer, a decision feedback equalizer, a receiving equalizer, and a transmitting equalizer. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein said adjustable parameter is selected from a group of parameters consisting of: a phase offset of said signal, a pre continuous time linear equalizer (CTLE) automatic gain control (AGC), a post CTLE AGC, a CTLE boost, and a CTLE pole. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein said channel is selected from a group of channels consisting of: a copper channel, a wireless channel, and an optical channel. ### Claim 12 A circuit for transforming a corrupt signal to an equalized signal, comprising: a receiver for receiving said corrupt signal over a channel from a transmitter wherein said corrupt signal has a wave form, said receiver further comprising: an equalizer for equalizing said corrupt signal using an adjustable parameter; and an error sampler for sampling data points of said corrupt signal between an upper limit and a lower limit for each of a positive threshold (TH) range and of a negative threshold (−TH) range; and wherein: said error sampler generates a performance metric of said corrupt signal based on a density of said data points of said corrupt signal that are disposed between said upper limit and said lower limit of said positive threshold (TH) range and of said negative threshold (−TH) range; said error sampler sends said performance metric from said error sampler to said equalizer for adjusting said adjustable parameter; said equalizer automatically adjusts said adjustable parameter based on said performance metric; and said equalizer equalizes said signal from said corrupt signal to said equalized signal based on said adjustable parameter; and wherein: said error sampler is not required to sample data points of said corrupt signal between said lower limit of said positive threshold (TH) range and said upper limit of said negative threshold (−TH) range. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The circuit of claim 12, wherein said receiver further comprises: a storage module for storing said performance metric. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The circuit of claim 12, wherein said equalizer is selected from a group of equalizers consisting of: a continuous time linear equalizer, a decision feedback equalizer, a receiving equalizer, and a transmitting equalizer. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The circuit of claim 12, wherein said receiver further comprises: an edge detector. ### Claim 16 (depends on 12) The circuit of claim 12, wherein said receiver further comprises: a summation node. ### Claim 17 A method for transforming a corrupt signal to an equalized signal in a receiver, said method comprising: receiving at said receiver, said corrupt signal having a wave form; selecting at said receiver, a level for sampling of data of said signal wherein said level is located at a point of said wave form; establishing at said receiver, an upper limit and a lower limit for each of a positive threshold (TH) range and of a negative threshold (−TH) range for said sampling of data, wherein said upper limit and said lower limit are disposed an equal distance from said level; sampling at said receiver, data points from said corrupt signal; generating, in an error sampler disposed in said receiver, a performance metric of said corrupt signal based on a density of said data points of said corrupt signal that are disposed within said upper limit and said lower limit of said positive threshold (TH) range and of said negative threshold (−TH) range: adjusting at said receiver, said upper and lower limits based on said density of said data points that are located between said upper and lower limits; and equalizing said corrupted signal to said equalized signal using said performance metric based on said density; and wherein: said sampling of data points of said corrupt signal at said receiver is not required between said lower limit of said positive threshold (TH) range and said upper limit of said negative threshold (−TH) range. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17 wherein said adjusting of said upper and lower limits adjusts a distance of said positive and negative thresholds from said level. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17 wherein said adjusting said upper and lower limits adjusts a position of said level relative to said wave form and subsequently adjusts a location of said upper and lower limits of said positive threshold (TH) range and of said negative threshold (−TH) range to be an equal distance from said level. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17 further comprising: adjusting said upper and lower limits such that a predetermined portion of said data points are located between said upper and lower limits of said positive threshold (TH) range and of said negative threshold (−TH range. ### Claim 21 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17 wherein said adjusting said upper and lower limits of said positive threshold (TH) range and of said negative threshold (−TH) range occurs after said sampling said data points has sampled a predetermined number of data points. ### Claim 22 A circuit for determining thresholds for calibrating parameters of a signal, comprising: a receiver for receiving said signal over a channel from a transmitter wherein said signal has a wave form, said receiver further comprising: an equalizer for equalizing said signal using an adjustable parameter; and an error sampler for sampling data of said signal disposed between an upper limit and a lower limit for each of a positive threshold (TH) range and of a negative threshold (−TH) range, for generating a performance metric based on a density of data points disposed between said upper and lower limits of said positive threshold (TH) range and of said negative threshold (−TH) range, and for adjusting of said upper and lower limits based on said density of said data points that are located between said upper and lower limits of said positive threshold (TH) range and of said negative threshold (−TH) range; and wherein: said signal is transformed from a corrupted signal to an equalized signal using said adjustable parameter which is automatically adjusted based on said performance metric; and said sampling of data points of said signal at said error sampler is not required between said lower limit of said positive threshold (TH) range and said upper limit of said negative threshold (−TH) range.