# US 10,320,318 B2 · Divided phase AC synchronous motor controller > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,320,318 B2 - Document ID: US10320318B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/894,848 - Filed: 2018-02-12 - Published: 2018-06-14 - Granted: 2019-06-11 - Earliest claimed: 2012-11-14 - Assignees: QM Power, Inc. - Applicants: QM Power, Inc. - Inventors: Charles J. Flynn; Cooper N. Tracy - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10320318B2 ## CPC - H02P 23/00: Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control - H02P 25/022: Synchronous motors (H02P25/064 takes precedence) - H02P 25/024: controlled by supply frequency - H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS ## Abstract A circuit includes motor phase windings that are divided, a direct current (DC) power supply between the divided motor phase windings, a power switch circuit comprising at least one power switch, the at least one power switch being between the divided motor phase windings. The circuit also includes a first non-collapsing DC power supply component to prevent the DC power supply from collapsing when the at least one power switch is on during a first portion of a cycle and a second non-collapsing DC power supply component to prevent the DC power supply from collapsing when the at least one power switch is on during a second portion of the cycle. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A circuit comprising: motor phase windings; a direct current (DC) power supply between the motor phase windings; a power switch circuit comprising at least one power switch between the motor phase windings; a first non-collapsing DC power supply component to prevent the DC power supply from collapsing when the at least one power switch is on during a first portion of a cycle; and a second non-collapsing DC power supply component to prevent the DC power supply from collapsing when the at least one power switch is on during a second portion of the cycle. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1 wherein at least one of the non-collapsing DC power supply components comprises at least one member of a group consisting of a tap from the motor phase windings electrically connected to the DC power supply, a secondary phase coil winding connected to the DC power supply to power the DC power supply, one or more resistors between the motor phase windings and the power switch circuit, and one or more Zener diodes between the motor phase windings and the power switch circuit. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1 wherein at least one of the non-collapsing DC power supply components comprises an electrical component to create a voltage drop between the motor phase windings and the power switch circuit to prevent the DC power supply from collapsing when the at least one power switch in the power switch circuit is on. ### Claim 4 A circuit for a motor comprising: divided motor phase windings; a direct current (DC) power supply between the divided motor phase windings to receive alternating current (AC) power transferred from the divided motor phase windings and convert the AC power to DC power; a power switch circuit comprising at least one power switch, the at least one power switch between the divided motor phase windings to receive AC power from the divided motor phase windings; a first non-collapsing DC power supply component connected to the DC power supply to prevent the DC power supply from collapsing when the at least one power switch is on during a first portion of a cycle; and a second non-collapsing DC power supply component connected to the DC power supply to prevent the DC power supply from collapsing when the at least one power switch is on during a second portion of the cycle. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the non-collapsing DC power supply components each comprises at least one of one or more resistors between the divided motor phase windings and the power switch circuit and one or more Zener diodes between the divided motor phase windings and the power switch circuit. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the non-collapsing DC power supply components each comprises a tap from the divided motor phase windings electrically connected to the DC power supply to supply the AC power to the DC power supply and bypass the power switch circuit. ### Claim 7 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the non-collapsing DC power supply components each comprises a secondary phase coil winding wound in relation to the divided motor phase windings and electrically connected to the DC power supply to supply the AC power to the DC power supply and bypass the power switch circuit. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The circuit of claim 7 wherein the divided motor phase windings comprise a first divided motor phase winding and a second divided motor phase winding, and the secondary phase coil windings are distributed evenly between the first and second divided motor phase windings or unevenly between the first and second divided motor phase windings. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The circuit of claim 7 wherein the divided motor phase windings comprise a first divided motor phase winding and a second divided motor phase winding, and the secondary phase coil windings are distributed all on one pole or on more than one pole of a stator of the motor. ### Claim 10 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the non-collapsing DC power supply components each comprises an electrical component to create a voltage drop between the divided motor phase windings and the power switch circuit to prevent the DC power supply from collapsing when the at least one power switch in the power switch circuit is on. ### Claim 11 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the power switch circuit comprises at least one Zener diode in parallel with the at least one power switch, wherein current flows through the at least one Zener diode when the at least one power switch is on and off. ### Claim 12 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the power switch circuit comprises a voltage regulator in parallel with the at least one power switch, wherein current flows through the voltage regulator when the at least one power switch is on and off. ### Claim 13 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the power switch circuit comprises a full wave bridge rectifier operably connected to the at least one power switch to stop negative voltage from being supplied to a drain of the at least one power switch and to stop positive voltage from being supplied to a source of the at least one power switch so that current only flows from the drain to the source of the at least one power switch when the at least one power switch is biased by a positive voltage on a gate of the at least one power switch. ### Claim 14 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the divided motor phase windings are divided in half and the power switch circuit and non-collapsing DC power supply components are located between the divided motor phase windings. ### Claim 15 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the at least one power switch of the power switch circuit is outside of a current path between the divided motor phase windings and the DC power supply. ### Claim 16 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the DC power supply is connected to a start side of one of the divided motor phase windings and a finish side of another of the divided motor phase windings. ### Claim 17 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 further comprising a control circuit to control the power switch circuit. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The circuit of claim 17 wherein the control circuit comprises a logic control shut off circuit to shut off the control circuit when the motor is at synchronous speed. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The circuit of claim 17 wherein the DC power supply is operably connected to the divided motor phase windings, the control circuit is operably connected to the DC power supply, and the power switch circuit is operably connected to the control circuit. ### Claim 20 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the motor comprises a rotor and a stator, the divided motor phase windings receive AC line voltage, and the circuit comprises a control circuit to turn off the power switch circuit when the rotor is in an identified rotor position, rotor magnet polarity, or speed relative to the AC line voltage. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The circuit of claim 20 further comprising an AC buffer to sense a frequency of the AC line voltage, a sensing device to sense the rotor position of the rotor, and a logic circuit to compare an AC buffer output to a sensing device output and control the power switch circuit based on the compared outputs. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The circuit of claim 21 wherein the logic circuit biases the at least one power switch when the compared outputs are at a same logic level. ### Claim 23 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the at least one power switch comprises a first power switch and a second power switch, wherein the first power switch is on while the second switch is off in one half of an AC cycle, and the second power switch is on while the first switch is off in another half of the AC cycle. ### Claim 24 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the at least one power switch comprises at least one of one power switch, two power switches in series, and two power switches in parallel. ### Claim 25 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the at least one power switch comprises at least one of one or more metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), one or more silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCRs), and one or more transistors. ### Claim 26 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 further comprising the motor, the motor selected from at least one of a DC brushless motor, an electronically commutated motor, a shaded pole motor, and a permanent split capacitor motor. ### Claim 27 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 further comprising the motor, wherein the motor can operate at synchronous speed, below synchronous speed, and above synchronous speed. ### Claim 28 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the divided motor phase windings are connected to AC line voltage. ### Claim 29 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the first non-collapsing DC power supply component is connected directly or indirectly to the DC power supply and the second non-collapsing DC power supply component is connected directly or indirectly to the DC power. ### Claim 30 A system for a motor comprising: motor phase windings divided at least approximately in half, the divided motor phase windings receiving alternating current (AC) power; a direct current (DC) power supply connected between the divided motor phase windings to receive the AC power transferred from the divided motor phase windings and to convert the AC power to a DC power; a power switch circuit comprising at least one power switch outside of a current path between the divided motor phase windings and the DC power supply, the at least one power switch between the divided motor phase windings; a motor controller between the divided motor phase windings to receive the DC power from the DC power supply and control the power switch circuit; and a plurality of non-collapsing DC power supply components in parallel with the DC power supply to prevent the DC power supply from collapsing when the at least one power switch is on during a first portion of a cycle and a second portion of the cycle. ### Claim 31 (depends on 30) The system of claim 30 wherein the DC power supply is operably connected to the divided motor phase windings, the motor controller is operably connected to the DC power supply, and the power switch circuit is operably connected to the motor controller. ### Claim 32 (depends on 30) The system of claim 30 wherein the first non-collapsing DC power supply component is connected directly or indirectly to the DC power supply and the second non-collapsing DC power supply component is connected directly or indirectly to the DC power. ### Claim 33 A method for a circuit of a motor comprising: providing motor phase windings that are divided; providing a direct current (DC) power supply between the divided motor phase windings to receive alternating current (AC) power transferred from the divided motor phase windings and convert the AC power to DC power; providing a power switch circuit comprising at least one power switch, the at least one power switch between the divided motor phase windings to receive AC power from the divided motor phase windings; providing a first non-collapsing DC power supply component connected to the DC power supply to prevent the DC power supply from collapsing when the at least one power switch is on during a first portion of a cycle; and providing a second non-collapsing DC power supply component connected to the DC power supply to prevent the DC power supply from collapsing when the at least one power switch is on during a second portion of the cycle. ### Claim 34 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing for each of the non-collapsing DC power supply components at least one member of a group consisting of one or more resistors between the divided motor phase windings and the power switch circuit and one or more Zener diodes between the divided motor phase windings and the power switch circuit. ### Claim 35 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing for each of the non-collapsing DC power supply components a tap from the divided motor phase windings electrically connected to the DC power supply to supply the AC power to the DC power supply and bypass the power switch circuit. ### Claim 36 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing for each of the non-collapsing DC power supply components a secondary phase coil winding wound in relation to the divided motor phase windings and electrically connected to the DC power supply to supply the AC power to the DC power supply and bypass the power switch circuit. ### Claim 37 (depends on 36) The method of claim 36 further comprising providing for the divided motor phase windings a first divided motor phase winding and a second divided motor phase winding, the secondary phase coil windings distributed evenly between the first and second divided motor phase windings or unevenly between the first and second divided motor phase windings. ### Claim 38 (depends on 36) The method of claim 36 further comprising providing for the divided motor phase windings a first divided motor phase winding and a second divided motor phase winding, the secondary phase coil windings distributed all on one pole or on more than one pole of a stator of the motor. ### Claim 39 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing for each of the non-collapsing DC power supply components an electrical component to create a voltage drop between the divided motor phase windings and the power switch circuit to prevent the DC power supply from collapsing when the at least one power switch in the power switch circuit is on. ### Claim 40 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing for the power switch circuit at least one Zener diode in parallel with the at least one power switch, wherein current flows through the at least one Zener diode when the at least one power switch is on and off. ### Claim 41 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing for the power switch circuit a voltage regulator in parallel with the at least one power switch, wherein current flows through the voltage regulator when the at least one power switch is on and off. ### Claim 42 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing for the power switch circuit a full wave bridge rectifier operably connected to the at least one power switch to stop negative voltage from being supplied to a drain of the at least one power switch and to stop positive voltage from being supplied to a source of the at least one power switch so that current only flows from the drain to the source of the at least one power switch when the at least one power switch is biased by a positive voltage on a gate of the at least one power switch. ### Claim 43 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing the divided motor phase windings divided in half and the power switch circuit and non-collapsing DC power supply components located between the divided motor phase windings. ### Claim 44 (depends on 43) The method of claim 43 further comprising providing the at least one power switch of the power switch circuit outside of a current path between the divided motor phase windings and the DC power supply. ### Claim 45 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing the DC power supply connected to a start side of one of the divided motor phase windings and a finish side of another of the divided motor phase windings. ### Claim 46 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further providing a control circuit to control the power switch circuit. ### Claim 47 (depends on 46) The method of claim 46 further comprising providing for the control circuit a logic control shut off circuit to shut off the control circuit when the motor is at synchronous speed. ### Claim 48 (depends on 46) The method of claim 46 wherein the DC power supply is operably connected to the divided motor phase windings, the control circuit is operably connected to the DC power supply, and the power switch circuit is operably connected to the control circuit. ### Claim 49 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 wherein the motor comprises a rotor and a stator and the divided motor phase windings receive AC line voltage, the method further comprising providing for the circuit a control circuit to turn off the power switch circuit when the rotor is in an identified rotor position, rotor magnet polarity, or speed relative to the AC line voltage. ### Claim 50 (depends on 49) The method of claim 49 further comprising providing an AC buffer to sense a frequency of the AC line voltage, a sensing device to sense the rotor position of the rotor, and a logic circuit to compare an AC buffer output to a sensing device output and control the power switch circuit based on the compared outputs. ### Claim 51 (depends on 50) The method of claim 50 wherein the logic circuit biases the at least one power switch when the compared outputs are at a same logic level. ### Claim 52 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing for the at least one power switch a first power switch and a second power switch, wherein the first power switch is on while the second switch is off in one half of an AC cycle, and the second power switch is on while the first switch is off in another half of the AC cycle. ### Claim 53 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing for the at least one power switch at least one of one power switch, two power switches in series, and two power switches in parallel. ### Claim 54 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing for the at least one power switch at least one of one or more metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), one or more silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCRs), and one or more transistors. ### Claim 55 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing the motor, the motor selected from at least one of a DC brushless motor, an electronically commutated motor, a shaded pole motor, and a permanent split capacitor motor. ### Claim 56 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising providing the motor, wherein the motor can operate at synchronous speed, below synchronous speed, and above synchronous speed. ### Claim 57 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 wherein the divided motor phase windings are connected to AC line voltage. ### Claim 58 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 wherein the first non-collapsing DC power supply component is connected directly or indirectly to the DC power supply and the second non-collapsing DC power supply component is connected directly or indirectly to the DC power. ### Claim 59 A method for a circuit of a motor comprising: providing motor phase windings divided at least approximately in half, the divided motor phase windings receiving alternating current (AC) power; providing a direct current (DC) power supply connected between the divided motor phase windings to receive the AC power transferred from the divided motor phase windings and to convert the AC power to a DC power; providing a power switch circuit comprising at least one power switch outside of a current path between the divided motor phase windings and the DC power supply, the at least one power switch between the divided motor phase windings; providing a motor controller at between the divided motor phase windings to receive the DC power from the DC power supply and control the power switch circuit; and providing a plurality of non-collapsing DC power supply components in parallel with the DC power supply to prevent the DC power supply from collapsing when the at least one power switch is on during a first portion of a cycle and a second portion of the cycle. ### Claim 60 (depends on 59) The method of claim 59 wherein the first non-collapsing DC power supply component is connected directly or indirectly to the DC power supply and the second non-collapsing DC power supply component is connected directly or indirectly to the DC power.