# US 10,320,312 B2 · Complex electric fields and static electric fields to effect motion with conduction currents and magnetic materials > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,320,312 B2 - Document ID: US10320312B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/653,130 - Filed: 2017-07-18 - Published: 2017-12-21 - Granted: 2019-06-11 - Earliest claimed: 2012-07-06 - Applicants: Richard Banduric - Inventors: Richard Banduric - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10320312B2 ## CPC - H02N 11/00: Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means (by hydrostatic pressure F03B17/04; {by mechanical means F03G7/10;} by dynamo-electric means, {including arrangements of permanent magnets interacting with other permanent magnets,} H02K53/00) - B64G 1/411: {Electric propulsion} - H02K 3/02: Windings characterised by the conductor material - H02K 3/04: Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors - H02K 3/30: Windings characterised by the insulating material - H02N 1/002: {Electrostatic motors} - H02N 1/008: {Laterally driven motors, e.g. of the comb-drive type} - H02N 11/006: {Motors} - H02N 11/008: {Alleged electric or magnetic perpetua mobilia} - H02N: ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - B64G: COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR - H02K: DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES (dynamo-electric relays H01H53/00; conversion of DC or AC input power into surge output power {H03K3/53}) ## Abstract In an example, a method includes interacting electric fields from charges in conductors in different inertial reference frames to effect motion. The example method implements the mathematical framework that divides electric fields from charges in different inertial reference frames into separate electric field equations in electrically isolated conductors. The example method may implement the interaction of these electric fields to produce a force on an assembly that can, by way of illustration, propel a spacecraft using electricity without other propellant(s). ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method comprising: producing a force on a surface by the interaction of differences of electric fields from charges in relative motion in a conductor or comprising the magnetic moments of a magnetic material from paired conductors or conductors and magnetic materials with different physical characteristics; wherein the paired conductors or conductors and magnetic materials are in relative motion relative to one another. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the paired conductors or conductors and magnetic materials have different shapes. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the paired conductors or conductors and magnetic materials are made of different materials that have different electron drift velocities. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the paired conductors or conductors and magnetic materials are made of different materials that have different charge densities. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the paired conductors or conductors and magnetic materials have different charge mobilities. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the paired conductors or conductors and magnetic materials are positioned next to each other. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the paired conductors or conductors and magnetic materials are made of different conductive or semi-conductive materials. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the paired conductors or conductors and magnetic materials are stationary. ### Claim 9 A system comprising: a first conductor of a first shape, the first conductor made of a first type of conductive material; and a second conductor or magnetic materials of a second shape that is different than the first shape, the second conductor or magnetic materials is made of a second conductive or semi-conductive material that is different than the first type of conductive material; wherein the first, second conductors and magnetic move at different velocities. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The system of claim 9, wherein the power sources and wire connections to the first and second conductors or magnetic materials are in the same inertial reference frame as the conductors that they are attached to. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The system of claim 9, wherein the first and second conductors and magnetic materials are electrically conductive and have different internal structures. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The system of claim 9, wherein the first, second conductors and magnetic are provided within a non-conductive assembly. ### Claim 13 A method comprising: producing a force on a surface by the interaction of differences of electric fields from charges in relative motion in a conductor or comprising the magnetic moments of a magnetic material from paired conductors or conductors and magnetic materials with different physical characteristics; wherein the paired conductors or conductors and magnetic materials are powered by independent electrically isolated electrical power sources. ### Claim 14 A method comprising: producing a force on a surface by the interaction of differences of electric fields from charges in relative motion in a conductor or comprising the magnetic moments of a magnetic material from paired conductors or conductors and magnetic materials with different physical characteristics; wherein the paired conductors or conductors and magnetic materials do not contact other conductors or ground after being electrically powered. ### Claim 15 A system comprising: a first conductor of a first shape, the first conductor made of a first type of conductive material; and a second conductor or magnetic materials of a second shape that is different than the first shape, the second conductor or magnetic materials is made of a second conductive or semi-conductive material that is different than the first type of conductive material; wherein the first, second conductors and magnetic are accelerated at different rates.