# US 10,320,028 B2 · Metal-organic framework electrodes for sodium ion batteries

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- Number: US 10,320,028 B2
- Document ID: US10320028B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/664,507
- Filed: 2017-07-31
- Published: 2018-02-22
- Granted: 2019-06-11
- Earliest claimed: 2016-08-18
- Assignees: National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC
- Applicants: National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC
- Inventors: Dorina F. Sava Gallis; Harry D. Pratt; Travis Mark Anderson; Nicholas Hudak
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10320028B2

## CPC

- H01M 10/0564: the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M 4/381: {Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements (H01M4/40 takes precedence)}
- H01M 4/382: {Lithium (H01M4/405 takes precedence)}
- H01M 4/60: of organic compounds
- H01M 4/623: {fluorinated polymers}
- H01M 10/054: Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
- H01M 10/0565: Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
- H01M 10/0568: characterised by the solutes
- H01M 10/0569: characterised by the solvents
- H01M 10/36: Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M 50/107: having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic (H01M50/103, H01M50/109, H01M50/11 take precedence)
- C01D 13/00: Compounds of sodium or potassium not provided for elsewhere
- C07F 15/025: {without a metal-carbon linkage}
- C08B 11/12: substituted with carboxylic radicals {, e.g. carboxymethylcellulose [CMC]}
- C08L 1/286: {substituted with acid radicals, e.g. carboxymethyl cellulose [CMC] (C08L1/282 takes precedence)}
- H01M 50/109: of button or coin shape
- H01M 2300/004: Three solvents
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- C01D: COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM (metal hydrides {monoborane, diborane or addition complexes thereof} C01B6/00; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B11/00; peroxides, salts of peroxyacids C01B15/00; sulfides C01B17/22; thiosulfates, dithionites, polythionates C01B17/64; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B19/00; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals C01B21/06; azides C01B21/08; {compounds other than ammonia and cyanogen, containing nitrogen and other non-metals C01B21/082}; metal amides C01B21/092; nitrites C01B21/50; phosphides C01B21/50; {compounds of noble gases C01B23/0005}; phosphides C01B25/08; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B25/16; carbides C01B32/90; compounds containing silicon C01B33/00; compounds containing boron C01B35/00; cyanides C01C3/08; salts of cyanic acid C01C3/14; salts of cyanamide C01C3/16; thiocyanates C01C3/20)
- C07F: ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM (metal-containing porphyrins C07D487/22)
- C08B: POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF (polysaccharides containing less than six saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages C07H; fermentation or enzyme-using processes C12P19/00; sugar industry C13; production of cellulose D21)
- C08L: COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (compositions based on polymerisable monomers C08F, C08G; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06)
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

A sodium ion battery comprises a cathode having a porous redox active metal-organic framework material. The battery can be an organic electrolyte sodium ion battery wherein the electrolyte comprises a sodium salt dissolved in an organic solvent or mixture of organic solvents. Alternatively, the battery can comprise an aqueous sodium ion battery wherein the electrolyte comprises a sodium salt dissolved in an aqueous solvent. Battery performance is especially related to electrolyte and binder selection.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A sodium ion battery, comprising:
a cathode comprising a porous redox active metal-organic framework material, wherein the metal-organic framework material comprises an iron (III) carboxylate;
a sodium anode; and
an ion-conductive electrolyte between the cathode and the anode;
wherein charging of the battery causes positive sodium ions to deintercalate from the cathode and migrate through the ion-conductive electrolyte to the anode and discharging causes at least some of the sodium to reversibly migrate from the anode and intercalate back into the cathode.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the iron (III) carboxylate comprises Fe3O(H2O)2(OH)[C6H3(CO2)3]2.12H2O.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the cathode further comprises a binder.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The sodium ion battery of claim 3, wherein the binder comprises a hydrophilic binder.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The sodium ion battery of claim 4, wherein the hydrophilic binder comprises a sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene based fluoropolymer-copolymer or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

### Claim 6 (depends on 3)

The sodium ion battery of claim 3, wherein the binder comprises a hydrophobic binder.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The sodium ion battery of claim 6 wherein the hydrophobic binder comprises hexafluoropropylene-vinylidene fluoride copolymer or polytetrafl uorethylene.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the sodium anode comprises sodium metal, a sodium-based alloy, a carbon-based compound, or a titanium-based compound.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises a sodium salt dissolved in an organic solvent or mixture of organic solvents.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The sodium ion battery of claim 9, wherein the sodium salt comprises NaPF6 or NaCIO4.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The sodium ion battery of claim 9, wherein the sodium salt comprises sodium fluoride, sodium tetrafluoroborate, sodium triflate, or sodium triflimide.

### Claim 12 (depends on 9)

The sodium ion battery of claim 9, wherein the organic solvent comprises propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, or dimethoxyethane.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises a sodium salt dissolved in water.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The sodium ion battery of claim 13, wherein the sodium salt comprises a sodium halide, sodium sulfate, or sodium phosphate.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The sodium ion battery of claim 1, further comprising a porous separator separating the cathode from the anode that allows sodium ions to cross it.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the sodium ion battery comprises a coin cell battery.