# US 10,319,991 B2 · Zinc anode composition

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- Number: US 10,319,991 B2
- Document ID: US10319991B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/521,223
- Filed: 2015-10-23
- Published: 2017-12-14
- Granted: 2019-06-11
- Earliest claimed: 2014-10-23
- Assignees: Energizer Brands, LLC
- Applicants: Energizer Brands, LLC
- Inventors: Jack W. Marple
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10319991B2

## CPC

- H01M 4/244: {Zinc electrodes}
- H01M 4/5825: {Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines}
- H01M 4/62: Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- C01G 9/02: Oxides; Hydroxides
- C07C 69/34: Esters of acyclic saturated polycarboxylic acids having an esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C 69/63: of saturated acids
- H01M 12/06: with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- C01G: COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F (metal hydrides {monoborane, diborane or addition complexes thereof} C01B6/00; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B11/00; peroxides, salts or peroxyacids C01B15/00; thiosulfates, dithionites, polythionates C01B17/64; compounds containing selenium, or tellurium C01B19/00; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals C01B21/06; azides C01B21/08; {compounds containing nitrogen, other non-metals and metal C01B21/082}; metal amides C01B21/092; nitrites C01B21/50; {compounds of noble gases C01B23/0005}; phosphides C01B25/08; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B25/16; carbides C01B32/90; compounds containing silicon C01B33/00; compounds containing boron C01B35/00; compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties C01B37/00; compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, C01B39/00; cyanides C01C3/08; salts of cyanamide C01C3/16; thiocyanates C01C3/20)
- C07C: ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

An alkaline electrochemical cell, preferably a zinc/air cell which includes a container; a negative electrode, a positive electrode, wherein said negative electrode and said positive electrode are disposed within the container, and an alkaline electrolyte, wherein the negative electrode comprises zinc, a branched chain fluorosurfactant, barium sulfate (and, more specifically, amino- and/or epoxy-functionalized barium sulfate) and nano sized zinc oxide. The negative electrode composition supports high zinc to electrolyte weight ratios.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An alkaline electrochemical cell, comprising:
a container; a negative electrode, a positive electrode, wherein said negative electrode and said positive electrode are disposed within the container, and an aqueous alkaline electrolyte, wherein the negative electrode comprises zinc and functionalized barium sulfate.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The cell according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode further comprises a fluorosurfactant.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The cell according to claim 2, wherein said fluorosurfactant is a sulfotricarballylate.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The cell according to claim 2, wherein a formula for said fluorosurfactant is selected from (a) or (b):
where the groups Z1, Z2, and Z3 are, independently of one another, branched or unbranched alkyl groups or groups of the structure Ri(A(CR1R2)ci—(CR3R4)c′i)di-, where the respective indices ci and c′i are, independently of one another, 0-10, and di=0-5, where Ri is a branched or unbranched, fluorine-containing alkyl radical, R1 to R4 are, independently of one another, hydrogen or a branched or unbranched alkyl group, ci and c′i are not simultaneously 0, and A=0, S and/or N, Y1 is an anionic polar group and Y2 is a hydrogen atom, or vice versa,
X is a cation, and at least one of the groups Z1, Z2, and Z3 is a group of the structure RiA(CR1R2)ci—(CR3R4)c′i)di-; and
where Z1═Z2═Z3═F3C(CF2)(CH2)(O(CH2CHCH2CH3)).

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The cell according to claim 4, wherein the negative electrode further includes zinc oxide, and wherein said zinc oxide is nano-sized.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The cell according to claim 5, wherein each of Z1, Z2, and Z3 comprises a fluorinated end group, and each of said fluorinated end groups comprises F3C(CF2)2 or F3C(CF2).

### Claim 7 (depends on 5)

The cell according to claim 5, wherein each of Z1, Z2, and Z3 comprises a fluorinated end group, and wherein said fluorinated end groups are identical.

### Claim 8 (depends on 5)

The cell according to claim 5, wherein the functionalized barium sulfate comprises at least one of: an amino group and an epoxide group.

### Claim 9 (depends on 2)

The cell according to claim 2, wherein said fluorosurfactant is
where Z1═Z2═Z3═F3C(CF2)(CH2)(O(CH2CH2CH2CH2)).

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The cell according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode is an air electrode.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The cell according to claim 1, wherein the functionalized barium sulfate comprises at least one of: an amino group and an epoxide group.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The cell according to claim 1, wherein the functionalized barium sulfate is provided at a concentration of no greater than 0.2 weight percent of negative electrode mixture.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The cell according to claim 12, wherein the functionalized barium sulfate comprises a functional group selected from: an amino group, an epoxide group and combinations thereof.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The cell according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode further includes zinc oxide, and wherein said zinc oxide is nano-sized.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The cell according to claim 14, wherein the functionalized barium sulfate comprises at least one of: an amino group and an epoxide group.

### Claim 16 (depends on 14)

The cell according to claim 14, wherein the functionalized barium sulfate comprises an epoxide group.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1)

The cell according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of zinc to electrolyte is greater than 3.6.

### Claim 18 (depends on 1)

The cell according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode comprises manganese dioxide.