# US 10,319,537 B2 · Modified graphitic electrodes for electrochemical energy storage enhancement

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- Number: US 10,319,537 B2
- Document ID: US10319537B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/181,106
- Filed: 2014-02-14
- Published: 2014-10-30
- Granted: 2019-06-11
- Earliest claimed: 2011-08-15
- Assignees: Purdue Research Foundation
- Applicants: Purdue Research Foundation
- Inventors: Jonathan Clay Claussen; Anurag Kumar; Timothy S. Fisher; Ronald G. Reifenberger; Guoping Xiong; David Benjamin Jaroch; David Marshall Porterfield; Rajib Paul
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10319537B2

## CPC

- H01G 11/36: Nanostructures, e.g. nanofibres, nanotubes or fullerenes
- C01B 32/15: Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B 32/18: Nanoonions; Nanoscrolls; Nanohorns; Nanocones; Nanowalls
- G01N 27/3272: {Test elements therefor, i.e. disposable laminated substrates with electrodes, reagent and channels (optical biosensors G01N33/52)}
- H01G 11/30: characterised by their material
- H01M 4/587: for inserting or intercalating light metals
- B82Y 30/00: Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
- B82Y 40/00: Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
- H01M 10/0525: Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- Y02E 60/13: Energy storage using capacitors
- Y10S 977/742: Carbon nanotubes, CNTs
- H01G: CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE (selection of specified materials as dielectric H01B3/00; capacitors having potential barriers H10D1/62, H10K10/10)
- C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C}
- G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q)
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y10S: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS

## Abstract

A method of graphitic petal synthesis includes a step of providing a flexible carbon substrate, such as that including carbon microfibers. The method further includes the step of subjecting flexible carbon substrate to microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The resulting synthesized graphitic petal structure may optionally be coated with PANI.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A biosensor comprising,
an electrode comprising:
a silica based wafer,
multilayered petal nanosheets supported by the wafer,
platinum nanoparticles supported by the nanosheets, and
an enzyme and a conductive polymer electrodeposited on the electrode.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The bio sensor of claim 1 wherein the nanosheets are grown on the wafer through chemical vapor deposition.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The biosensor of claim 1 wherein the nanoparticles are grown along the edges of the nano sheets.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The bio sensor of claim 1 wherein the nanoparticles are grown by an electrodeposition process.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The bio sensor of claim 4 wherein the electrodeposition process includes current pulses of approximately 500 ms.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The bio sensor of claim 1 wherein the enzyme comprises glucose oxidase.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The bio sensor of claim 6 wherein the enzyme is encapsulated within poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene).

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The bio sensor of claim 1 wherein the multilayered petal nano sheets include graphene petal nano sheets.