# US 10,319,314 B2 · Methods for driving electro-optic displays, and apparatus for use therein

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- Number: US 10,319,314 B2
- Document ID: US10319314B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/816,226
- Filed: 2015-08-03
- Published: 2015-11-26
- Granted: 2019-06-11
- Earliest claimed: 2002-06-13
- Assignees: E Ink Corporation
- Applicants: E Ink Corporation
- Inventors: Guy M. Danner; Karl R. Amundson; Alexandros Cosmos Arango; Jay Britton Ewing; Robert W. Zehner
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10319314B2

## CPC

- G09G 3/344: {based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices (electrophoretic devices per se G02F1/167)}
- G02F 1/167: by electrophoresis
- G09G 3/2007: {Display of intermediate tones}
- G09G 3/2011: {by amplitude modulation}
- G09G 3/2014: {by modulation of the duration of a single pulse during which the logic level remains constant}
- G09G 3/2018: {by time modulation using two or more time intervals}
- G09G 3/2074: {using sub-pixels}
- G09G 3/2077: {by a combination of two or more gradation control methods}
- G09G 3/3453: {based on rotating particles or microelements}
- G09G 2300/08: Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G 2310/02: Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G 2310/0254: Control of polarity reversal in general, other than for liquid crystal displays
- G09G 2310/027: Details of drivers for data electrodes, the drivers handling digital grey scale data, e.g. use of D/A converters
- G09G 2310/04: Partial updating of the display screen
- G09G 2310/06: Details of flat display driving waveforms
- G09G 2310/061: for resetting or blanking
- G09G 2310/063: Waveforms for resetting the whole screen at once
- G09G 2310/068: Application of pulses of alternating polarity prior to the drive pulse in electrophoretic displays
- G09G 2320/0204: Compensation of DC component across the pixels in flat panels
- G09G 2320/0214: with crosstalk due to leakage current of pixel switch in active matrix panels
- G09G 2320/0247: Flicker reduction other than flicker reduction circuits used for single beam cathode-ray tubes
- G09G 2320/0252: Improving the response speed
- G09G 2320/0285: using tables for spatial correction of display data
- G09G 2320/041: Temperature compensation
- G09G 2320/043: Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing
- G09G 2330/021: Power management, e.g. power saving
- G09G 2340/16: Determination of a pixel data signal depending on the signal applied in the previous frame
- G09G: ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION (arrangements for transferring data between digital computers and displays G06F3/14; static indicating arrangements comprising an association of a number of separate sources or light control cells G09F9/00; static indicating arrangements comprising integral associations of a number of light sources H01J, H01K, H10H, H05B33/12; scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission, details thereof H04N1/00)
- G02F: OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS

## Abstract

A method for addressing a bistable electro-optic display having at least one pixel comprises applying an addressing pulse to drive the pixel to a first optical state; leaving the pixel undriven for a period of time, thereby permitting the pixel to assume a second optical state different from the first optical state; and applying to the pixel a refresh pulse which substantially restores the pixel to the first optical state, the refresh pulse being short relative to the addressing pulse.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for addressing a bistable electro-optic medium, the electro-optic medium being an encapsulated dual particle opposite charge type medium comprising two different types of particles bearing opposite charges, the method comprising:
(a) applying to the medium a first alternating current pulse having a first voltage, a first frequency and a first duty cycle, for a period sufficient to cause the medium to display a substantially constant first gray level; and
(b) applying to the medium a second alternating current pulse having the first voltage and the first frequency but a second duty cycle different from the first duty cycle, for a period sufficient to cause the medium to display a substantially constant second gray level different from the first gray level.