# US 10,313,227 B2 · System and method for eliminating undetected interest looping in information-centric networks > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,313,227 B2 - Document ID: US10313227B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/864,571 - Filed: 2015-09-24 - Published: 2017-03-30 - Granted: 2019-06-04 - Earliest claimed: 2015-09-24 - Assignees: Cisco Technology, Inc. - Applicants: Cisco Technology, Inc. - Inventors: Jose J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10313227B2 ## CPC - H04L 45/18: Loop-free operations - H04L 45/021: Ensuring consistency of routing table updates, e.g. by using epoch numbers - H04L 45/12: Shortest path evaluation - H04L 45/122: by minimising distances, e.g. by selecting a route with minimum of number of hops - H04L 45/245: {Link aggregation, e.g. trunking} - H04L 45/306: {Route determination based on the nature of the carried application} - H04L 45/38: {Flow based routing} - H04L 12/1863: {comprising mechanisms for improved reliability, e.g. status reports (arrangements for detecting or preventing errors by carrying supervisory signal the return channel H04L1/16)} - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract One embodiment of the present invention provides a system for correctly processing interests in an information-centric network (ICN). During operation, the system receives, by a first node in the ICN, an interest for a piece of content from a second node. The interest specifies a name of the content piece. The system determines, based on forwarding information and information associated with pending interests stored on the first node, whether a forwarding condition or an interest aggregation condition is satisfied. In response to the forwarding condition being satisfied, the system forwards the interest. In response to the interest aggregation condition being satisfied, the system aggregates the interest. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A computer-executable method for correctly processing interests in an information-centric network (ICN), the method comprising: receiving, by a first node in the ICN, an interest for a piece of content from a second node, wherein the interest specifies a name of the content piece; determining, based on forwarding information, whether a forwarding condition is satisfied; determining, based on information associated with pending interests stored on the first node, whether an interest aggregation condition is satisfied, wherein the interest aggregation condition is satisfied when a distance from the first node to a destination node is less than a distance from the second node to the destination node and wherein the information associated with pending interests comprises a number of allowed retransmissions and a remaining lifetime of the interest for a piece of content; in response to the forwarding condition being satisfied, forwarding the interest; in response to the interest aggregation condition being satisfied, aggregating the interest, wherein aggregating the interest comprises not forwarding the interest; and in response to neither the forwarding condition nor the interest aggregation condition being satisfied, dropping the interest and sending to the second node a control message indicating that the interest is traversing a loop. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the forwarding information includes one or more entries associated with the name of the content piece, wherein a respective entry specifies a next hop neighbor through which the first node can forward the interest to a destination node storing the content piece, and wherein the entry further specifies a distance from the next hop neighbor to the destination node. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein the forwarding condition is satisfied if a distance specified by at least one entry of the forwarding information is less than a distance from the second node to the destination node. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein the entry further specifies a ranking of the next hop neighbor, and wherein the interest is forwarded to a next hop neighbor that is highest ranked among neighbors that satisfy the forwarding condition. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the information associated with the pending interests further comprises an entry associated with the name of the content piece, and wherein the entry specifies a distance from the first node to the destination node storing the content piece. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein the entry further specifies a set of incoming neighbors from which interests for the content piece are received, and wherein the interest is aggregated by adding the second node to the set of incoming neighbors. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the control message is a negative acknowledgement (NACK). ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the information associated with the pending interests further comprises a set of next hop neighbors. ### Claim 9 A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that when executed by a computing device cause the computing device to perform a method for correctly processing interests in an information-centric network (ICN), the method comprising: receiving, by a first node in the ICN, an interest for a piece of content from a second node, wherein the interest specifies a name of the content piece; determining, based on forwarding information, whether a forwarding condition is satisfied; determining, based on information associated with pending interests stored on the first node, whether an interest aggregation condition is satisfied, wherein the interest aggregation condition is satisfied when a distance from the first node to a destination node is less than a distance form the second node to the destination node, and wherein the information associated with pending interests comprises a number of allowed retransmissions and a remaining lifetime of the interest for a piece of content; in response to the forwarding condition being satisfied, forwarding the interest; in response to the interest aggregation condition being satisfied, aggregating the interest, wherein aggregating the interest comprises not forwarding the interest; and in response to neither the forwarding condition nor the interest aggregation condition being satisfied, dropping the interest and sending to the second node a control message indicating that the interest is traversing a loop. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The computer-readable storage medium of claim 9, wherein the forwarding information includes one or more entries associated with the name of the content piece, wherein a respective entry specifies a next hop neighbor through which the first node can forward the interest to a destination node storing the content piece, and wherein the entry further specifies a distance from the next hop neighbor to the destination node. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the forwarding condition is satisfied if a distance specified by at least one entry of the forwarding information is less than a distance from the second node to the destination node. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the entry further specifies a ranking of the next hop neighbor, and wherein the interest is forwarded to a next hop neighbor that is highest ranked among neighbors that satisfy the forwarding condition. ### Claim 13 (depends on 9) The computer-readable storage medium of claim 9, wherein the information associated with the pending interests further comprises an entry associated with the name of the content piece, and wherein the entry specifies a distance from the first node to the destination node storing the content piece. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein the entry further specifies a set of incoming neighbors from which interests for the content piece are received, and wherein the interest is aggregated by adding the second node to the set of incoming neighbors. ### Claim 15 (depends on 9) The computer-readable storage medium of claim 9, wherein the control message is a negative acknowledgement (NACK). ### Claim 16 (depends on 9) The computer-readable storage medium of claim 9, wherein the information associated with the pending interests further comprises a set of next hop neighbors. ### Claim 17 A computer system for correctly processing interests in an information-centric network (ICN), the system comprising: a memory for storing instructions associated with an interest-receiving module, an interest-processing module, a forwarding module, an interest aggregation module, and a control-message generation module; a processor for executing the instructions, wherein executing the instructions causes the system to perform operations, comprising: the interest-receiving module is configured to receive, by a first node in the ICN, an interest for a piece of content from a second node, wherein the interest specifies a name of the content piece; the interest-processing module is configured to determine, based on forwarding information, whether a forwarding condition is satisfied, wherein the interest-processing module is further configured to determine, based on information associated with pending interests stored on the first node, whether an interest aggregation condition is satisfied, wherein the interest aggregation condition is satisfied when a distance from the first node to a destination node is less than a distance from the second node to the destination node, wherein the interest-processing module is further configured to drop the interest when neither the forwarding condition nor the interest aggregation condition is satisfied, and wherein the information associated with pending interests comprises a number of allowed retransmissions and a remaining lifetime of the interest for a piece of content; the forwarding module is configured to forward the interest in response to the forwarding condition being satisfied; the interest aggregation module is configured to aggregate the interest in response to the interest aggregation condition being satisfied, wherein aggregating the interest comprises not forwarding the interest; and the control-message generation module is configured, in response to neither the forwarding condition nor the interest aggregation condition being satisfied, to generate a control message indicating that the interest is traversing a loop and to send the control message to the second node. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The system of claim 17, wherein the forwarding information includes one or more entries associated with the name of the content piece, wherein a respective entry specifies a next hop neighbor through which the first node can forward the interest to a destination node storing the content piece, and wherein the entry further specifies a distance from the next hop neighbor to the destination node. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The system of claim 18, wherein the forwarding condition is satisfied if a distance specified by at least one entry of the forwarding information is less than a distance from the second node to the destination node. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The system of claim 18, wherein the entry further specifies a ranking of the next hop neighbor, and wherein the forwarding module is configured to forward the interest to a next hop neighbor that is highest ranked among neighbors that satisfy the forwarding condition. ### Claim 21 (depends on 17) The system of claim 17, wherein the information associated with the pending interests further comprises an entry associated with the name of the content piece, and wherein the entry specifies a distance from the first node to the destination node storing the content piece. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The system of claim 21, wherein the entry further specifies a set of incoming neighbors from which interests for the content piece are received, and wherein the interest aggregation module is configured to aggregate the interest by adding the second node to the set of incoming neighbors. ### Claim 23 (depends on 17) The system of claim 17, wherein the control message is a negative acknowledgement (NACK). ### Claim 24 (depends on 17) The system of claim 17, wherein the information associated with the pending interests further comprises a set of next hop neighbors.