# US 10,312,896 B2 · Pulse amplitude modulation transmitter and pulse amplitude modulation receiver

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- Number: US 10,312,896 B2
- Document ID: US10312896B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/924,561
- Filed: 2018-03-19
- Published: 2019-02-07
- Granted: 2019-06-04
- Earliest claimed: 2017-08-07
- Assignees: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
- Applicants: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
- Inventors: Sung-Ha Kim; Jung Hoon Chun; Hwaseok Oh
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10312896B2

## CPC

- H03K 7/02: Amplitude modulation, i.e. PAM
- H04B 14/023: {using pulse amplitude modulation}
- H04L 27/04: Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
- G05F 1/575: characterised by the feedback circuit
- H04L 27/06: Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
- H03K: PULSE TECHNIQUE (measuring pulse characteristics G01R; modulating sinusoidal oscillations with pulses H03C; transmission of digital information H04L; discriminator circuits detecting phase difference between two signals by counting or integrating cycles of oscillation H03D3/04; automatic control, starting, synchronisation or stabilisation of generators of electronic oscillations or pulses where the type of generator is irrelevant or unspecified H03L; coding, decoding or code conversion, in general H03M)
- H04B: TRANSMISSION
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)
- G05F: SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES

## Abstract

A transmitter includes: a pulse amplitude modulation encoder that encodes serial data to multi-bit transmission data of a first data group and a second data group; a first driver that converts first multi-bit transmission data of the first data group to a first differential signal having a first voltage swing width; a second driver that converts second multi-bit transmission data of the second data group to a second differential signal having a second voltage swing width narrower than the first voltage swing width; a first voltage regulator that provides to the second driver a first low swing voltage for generating the second differential signal; a second voltage regulator that provides to the second driver a second low swing voltage less than the first low swing voltage; and a constant current load switch that provides a current path between the first and second voltage regulators depending on deactivation of the second driver.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A pulse amplitude modulation transmitter, comprising:
a pulse amplitude modulation encoder configured to encode serial data to multi-bit transmission data included in any one of a first data group and a second data group;
a first driver configured to convert first multi-bit transmission data included in the first data group to a first differential signal having a first voltage swing width;
a second driver configured to convert second multi-bit transmission data included in the second data group to a second differential signal having a second voltage swing width narrower than the first voltage swing width;
a first voltage regulator configured to provide to the second driver a first low swing voltage for generating the second differential signal;
a second voltage regulator configured to provide to the second driver a second low swing voltage which is less than the first low swing voltage; and
a constant current load switch configured to provide a current path between the first voltage regulator and the second voltage regulator depending on deactivation of the second driver.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The pulse amplitude modulation transmitter of claim 1, wherein the pulse amplitude modulation encoder activates any one of the first driver and the second driver depending on a logical value of the multi-bit transmission data.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The pulse amplitude modulation transmitter of claim 1, wherein the pulse amplitude modulation encoder generates the multi-bit transmission data of a 2-bit unit according to a PAM4 signaling technique;
wherein the first driver outputs the first differential signal in response to the first multi-bit transmission data having logical values of “00” and “10”, and
wherein the second driver outputs the second differential signal in response to the second multi-bit transmission data having logical values of “01” and “11”.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The pulse amplitude modulation transmitter of claim 3, wherein the first driver includes:
a first transistor configured to transfer a transmission power supply voltage which is greater than the first low swing voltage to a first differential output terminal when the first multi-bit transmission data are logic “10”;
a second transistor configured to transfer a ground voltage to a second differential output terminal when the first multi-bit transmission data are logic “10”;
a third transistor configured to transfer the transmission power supply voltage to the second differential output terminal when the first multi-bit transmission data are logic “00”; and
a fourth transistor configured to transfer the ground voltage to the first differential output terminal when the first multi-bit transmission data are logic “00”.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The pulse amplitude modulation transmitter of claim 4, wherein the second driver includes:
a fifth transistor configured to transfer the first low swing voltage to the first differential output terminal when the second multi-bit transmission data are logic “11”;
a sixth transistor configured to transfer the second low swing voltage to the second differential output terminal when the second multi-bit transmission data are logic “11”;
a seventh transistor configured to transfer the second low swing voltage to the first differential output terminal when the second multi-bit transmission data are logic “01”; and
an eighth transistor configured to transfer the first low swing voltage to the second differential output terminal when the second multi-bit transmission data are logic “01”.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The pulse amplitude modulation transmitter of claim 5, wherein the constant current load switch includes:
at least two serially connected transistors being turned on in response to a high swing enable signal for activating the first driver, which is provided from the pulse amplitude modulation encoder.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The pulse amplitude modulation transmitter of claim 1, wherein the constant current load switch blocks the current path when the second driver is activated.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The pulse amplitude modulation transmitter of claim 1, further comprising:
a serializer configured to serialize base band data and to provide a serialized result as the serial data.

### Claim 9

A device, comprising:
an input configured to receive serial data comprising a series of bit pairs;
an encoder configured to encode each bit pair of the serial data into four driving signals, each of the four driving signals corresponding to one of four possible combinations of values of the bit pair, wherein when the bit pair has a combination of bit values corresponding to one of the four driving signals, then the corresponding one of the four driving signals has a value of a logic “1” and a remaining three of the four driving signals all have a value of a logic “0”;
a pair of differential output terminals;
a first driver configured to receive a first group of two of the driving signals from the encoder, wherein when the first group of two of the driving signals includes the one of the four driving signals which has a value of a logic “1” then the first driver is enabled to provide to the pair of differential output terminals a first differential signal having a first voltage swing width, and wherein otherwise the first driver is disabled;
a second driver configured to receive a second group of two of the driving signals of the encoder, wherein when the second group of two of the driving signals includes the one of the four driving signals which has a value of a logic “1”then the second driver is enabled to provide to the pair of differential output terminals a second differential signal having a second voltage swing width, and wherein otherwise the second driver is disabled;
a first voltage regulator configured to provide a first low swing voltage to the second driver for generating the second differential signal;
a second voltage regulator configured to provide a second low swing voltage which is less than the first low swing voltage to the second driver for generating the second differential signal; and
a constant current load switch configured to provide a current path between the first voltage regulator and the second voltage regulator when the second driver is deactivated,
wherein the second voltage swing width is less than the first voltage swing width.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The device of claim 9, wherein the first driver is connected to a first power supply voltage which is greater than the first low swing voltage, and is further connected to a second power supply voltage which is less than the second low swing voltage.