# US 10,312,743 B2 · RF-to-DC power converters for wireless powering > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,312,743 B2 - Document ID: US10312743B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/556,118 - Filed: 2016-05-26 - Published: 2018-03-08 - Granted: 2019-06-04 - Earliest claimed: 2015-05-26 - Assignees: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology - Applicants: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology - Inventors: Mahmoud Hamdy Ouda; Khaled Nabil Salama - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10312743B2 ## CPC - H02J 50/20: using microwaves or radio frequency waves - H02J 4/25: for transfer of electric power between AC and DC networks, e.g. for supplying the DC section within a load from an AC mains system - H02J 50/80: involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices - H02M 7/02: Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal - H04B 5/79: for data transfer in combination with power transfer - H02M 7/219: in a bridge configuration - H02M 7/2195: {the switches being synchronously commutated at the same frequency of the AC input voltage} - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) - H04B: TRANSMISSION ## Abstract Various examples are provided related to radio frequency (RF) to direct current (DC) power conversion. In one example, a RF-to-DC converter includes a fully cross-coupled rectification circuit including a pair of forward rectifying transistors and a feedback circuit configured to provide feedback bias signals to gates of the pair of forward rectifying transistors via feedback branch elements. In another example, a method includes receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal; rectifying the RF signal via a fully cross-coupled rectification circuit including a pair of forward rectifying transistors; and providing a DC output voltage from an output connection of the fully cross-coupled rectification circuit, where gating of the pair of forward rectifying transistors is controlled by feedback bias signals provided to gates of the pair of forward rectifying transistors via feedback branch elements. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A radio frequency to direct current (RF-to-DC) converter, comprising: first and second RF ports; first and second pairs of pumping capacitors, the first pair of pumping capacitors being connected in parallel to the first RF port, and the second pair of pumping capacitors being connected in parallel to the second RF port; a fully cross-coupled rectification circuit connected between the first and second pairs of pumping capacitors, the fully cross-coupled rectification circuit including a first pair of rectifying transistors and a second pair of rectifying transistors; and a feedback circuit configured to provide feedback bias signals to gates of the first pair of rectifying transistors via feedback branch elements, wherein the first and second pairs of the pumping capacitors are connected to gates of the first pair of rectifying transistors and to gates of the second pair of rectifying transistors so that the gates of the first pair of rectifying transistors are decoupled from the gates of the second pair of rectifying transistors, and wherein the gates of the first pair of rectifying transistors are biased with the feedback bias signals independent of the gates of the second pair of rectifying transistors. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The RF-to-DC converter of claim 1, wherein the feedback branch elements comprise controlled elements. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The RF-to-DC converter of claim 2, wherein the controlled elements are MOSFET transistors. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The RF-to-DC converter of claim 1, wherein the feedback branch elements are resistors. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The RF-to-DC converter of claim 1, wherein the feedback bias signals are supplied from a common control input via the feedback branch elements. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The RF-to-DC converter of claim 1, wherein the feedback bias signals are supplied from a common bias input via the feedback branch elements, the feedback bias signals controlled via a common control input. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The RF-to-DC converter of claim 6, comprising a power management unit (PMU) coupled to the common control input. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The RF-to-DC converter of claim 7, wherein the PMU provides a control signal to the common control input based at least in part upon an output voltage of the RF-to-DC converter. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The RF-to-DC converter of claim 1, wherein the feedback bias signals are supplied from a common output connection of the first pair of rectifying transistors via the feedback branch elements. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The RF-to-DC converter of claim 9, wherein the common output connection couples drains of the first pair of rectifying transistors. ### Claim 11 A method, comprising: receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal at first and second RF ports; pumping the RF signal through first and second pairs of pumping capacitors, the first pair of pumping capacitors being connected in parallel to the first RF port, and the second pair of pumping capacitors being connected in parallel to the second RF port; rectifying the RF signal via a fully cross-coupled rectification circuit, the fully cross-coupled rectification being connected between the first and second pairs of pumping capacitors, the fully cross-coupled rectification circuit including a first pair of rectifying transistors and a second pair of rectifying transistors; and providing a DC output voltage from an output connection of the fully cross-coupled rectification circuit, where gating of the first pair of rectifying transistors is controlled by feedback bias signals provided to gates of the first pair of rectifying transistors via feedback branch elements, wherein the first and second pairs of the pumping capacitors are connected to the gates of the first pair of rectifying transistors and to the gates of the second pair of rectifying transistors so that the gates of the first pair of rectifying transistors are decoupled from the gates of the second pair of rectifying transistors, and wherein the gates of the first pair of rectifying transistors are biased with the feedback bias signals independent of the gates of the second pair of rectifying transistors. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, comprising: sensing the DC output voltage; and providing a control signal to the feedback branch elements based upon the DC output voltage. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein the control signal is provided by a power management unit (PMU) configured to sample the DC output voltage. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein the control signal is provided by a transistor sensing network coupled to the output connection of the fully cross-coupled rectification circuit. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein the feedback branch elements are resistors coupled between the gates of the first pair of rectifying transistors and the output connection.