# US 10,312,527 B2 · Energy storage device comprising a polyurethane separator

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- Number: US 10,312,527 B2
- Document ID: US10312527B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/880,300
- Filed: 2015-10-12
- Published: 2016-05-12
- Granted: 2019-06-04
- Earliest claimed: 2014-11-10
- Assignees: LANXESS Solutions US Inc.
- Applicants: Chemtura Corporation
- Inventors: Venkatramanan K. Madabusi; Kevin Jackson; George Brereton
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10312527B2

## CPC

- H01M 8/0239: Organic resins; Organic polymers
- H01M 8/18: Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M 8/188: {by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries}
- H01M 8/20: Indirect fuel cells, e.g. fuel cells with redox couple being irreversible (H01M8/18 takes precedence)
- H01M 50/414: Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M 50/50: Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M 50/406: Moulding; Embossing; Cutting
- H01M 2250/20: Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
- H01M 2250/30: Fuel cells in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
- Y02B 90/10: Applications of fuel cells in buildings
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- Y02E 60/50: Fuel cells
- Y02T 90/40: Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

Energy storage devices are improved by incorporating polyurethane separators, which separators comprise polyurethane polymers prepared by curing a polycarbonate based polyurethane prepolymer, which polyurethane polymers often further comprise metal or ammonium salts and are often swelled by an organic solvent.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An energy storage device comprising a non-porous, ion permeable separator disposed between an anode region and a cathode region, wherein the separator comprises an ion permeable film formed from a polycarbonate based polyurethane polymer, which polycarbonate based polyurethane polymer is prepared by crosslinking an isocyanate terminated pre-polymer having a polycarbonate backbone with a curing agent comprising a C2-12 diol, methylene dianiline, methylene bis chloroaniline, ethylene bis orthochloroaniline, 4,4′-methylene-bis(3-chloro-2,6-diethyl)aniline, dimethylthio-2,4-toluenediamine, di-p-aminobenzoate, phenyldiethanol amine mixture, or a methylene dianiline sodium chloride complex,
wherein the anode region comprising an anode chamber, a current collector, which current collector resides within the anode chamber and an anolyte; and
the cathode region comprising a cathode chamber, a current collector, which current collector resides within the cathode chamber, and a catholyte.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the separator comprises the film formed from a polycarbonate based polyurethane polymer and a metal salt or ammonium salt.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The energy storage device according to claim 2 wherein the metal salt is a sodium or lithium salt.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The energy storage device according to claim 3 wherein the separator comprises at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of cyclic carbonate esters, acyclic dialkyl carbonate esters, butyrolactones, acetals, ethers, polyglymes, sulfoxides, sulfalones, amides and nitriles.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

The energy storage device according to claim 2 wherein the separator comprises at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of cyclic carbonate esters, acyclic dialkyl carbonate esters, butyrolactones, acetals, ethers, polyglymes, sulfoxides, sulfalones, amides and nitriles.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The energy storage device according to claim 1 wherein the separator comprises at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of cyclic carbonate esters, acyclic dialkyl carbonate esters, butyrolactones, acetals, ethers, polyglymes, sulfoxides, sulfalones, amides and nitriles.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The energy storage device according to claim 6 wherein the at least one organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of cyclic carbonate esters, acyclic dialkyl carbonate esters, amides and nitriles.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The energy storage device according to claim 1 further comprising a vessel for storing anolyte or catholyte and/or a vessel for receiving spent anolyte or catholyte.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The energy storage device according to claim 8 which is a redox flow cell comprising a flowable anolyte and a flowable catholyte.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The flow cell of claim 9 wherein each of the flowable anolyte and flowable catholyte comprise an ion storage material comprising both redox active materials and working ions.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The flow cell of claim 9 which is a non-aqueous, organic flow cell.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the separator comprises the film formed from a polycarbonate based polyurethane polymer and at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of cyclic carbonate esters, acyclic dialkyl carbonate esters, amides and nitriles.