# US 10,311,723 B2 · Parking management system and method > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,311,723 B2 - Document ID: US10311723B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/645,113 - Filed: 2017-07-10 - Published: 2018-01-18 - Granted: 2019-06-04 - Earliest claimed: 2016-07-15 - Assignees: Intel Corporation - Applicants: Intel Corporation - Inventors: Suman A. Sehra; Sameer Sharma; Purushottam Kumar; Karthik Vasan; Sergio Piedrahita; Robin Mcgechie - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10311723B2 ## CPC - G08G 1/04: using optical or ultrasonic detectors - G06T 5/70: Denoising; Smoothing - G06T 7/11: Region-based segmentation - G06T 7/194: involving foreground-background segmentation - G06V 20/52: Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects (recognising microscopic objects G06V20/69) - G08G 1/015: with provision for distinguishing between two or more types of vehicles, e.g. between motor-cars and cycles - G08G 1/0175: {by photographing vehicles, e.g. when violating traffic rules} - G08G 1/142: {external to the vehicles} - G08G 1/143: {inside the vehicles} - G08G 1/144: {on portable or mobile units, e.g. personal digital assistant [PDA]} - G08G 1/146: {where the parking area is a limited parking space, e.g. parking garage, restricted space} - G08G 1/147: {where the parking area is within an open public zone, e.g. city centre} - H04N 7/181: {for receiving images from a plurality of remote sources} - B60W 30/06: Automatic manoeuvring for parking - G06Q 10/02: Reservations, e.g. for tickets, services or events - G08G: TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS (guiding railway traffic, ensuring the safety of railway traffic B61L; arrangement of road signs or traffic signals E01F9/00; radar or analogous systems, sonar systems, lidar systems specially adapted for traffic control G01S13/91, G01S15/88, G01S17/88; {radar or analogous systems, sonar systems, lidar systems specially adapted for anti-collision purposes G01S13/93, G01S15/93, G01S17/93}) - G06T: IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL - G06V: IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION - B60W: CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT - G06Q: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR ## Abstract Apparatuses, methods and storage media associated with parking management are disclosed herein. In embodiments, a system may include a plurality of sensors disposed around an expanse of space to collect occupancy data of the expanse of space; and a parking management unit disposed in or adjourning the expanse of space to manage parking of vehicles in the expanse of space, based at least in part on the occupancy data collected by the plurality of sensors. The expanse of space may be a linear expanse of roadway space adjacent to a sidewalk, or an aerial expanse of surface space of a parking lot or a floor of a parking structure. Parking spaces within the expanse of space may be fixed or variably sized/typed. Other embodiments may be disclosed or claimed. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system for managing parking of vehicles, comprising: a plurality of sensors disposed around an expanse of space to collect occupancy data of the expanse of space; and a parking management unit disposed at or adjoining the expanse of space, and communicatively coupled with the plurality of sensors, to manage parking of vehicles in the expanse of space, based at least in part on the occupancy data collected by the plurality of sensors; wherein the plurality of sensors comprise a plurality of cameras disposed around the expanse of space to capture images of the expanse of space; wherein the parking management unit is to determine availability of parking spaces within the expanse of space, based at least in part on the images captured; and wherein to determine availability of parking spaces, the parking management unit is to determine an unoccupied segment or area of the expanse of space, and partition the unoccupied segment or area of the expanse of space into parking spaces for assignment to vehicles in need of parking spaces. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the expanse of space is a linear expanse of roadway space adjacent to a sidewalk, or an aerial expanse of surface space of a parking lot or a floor of a parking structure; and wherein the parking management unit is dedicated to manage parking of vehicles within the linear expanse of roadway space adjacent to the sidewalk, or the aerial expanse of surface space of a parking lot or a floor of a parking structure. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein partition of the unoccupied segment or area of the expanse of space into parking spaces is further based in part on space needs of the vehicles. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the vehicles comprise vehicles of a plurality of sizes or vehicles of a plurality of types including at least two of a manual park type, an assisted park type, an automated drive and park type, or a fully automated navigate and park type. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein parking spaces within the expanse of space are typed, including at least an unreserved type or one or more reserved types. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The system of claim 5, wherein to determine availability of parking spaces, the parking management unit is to dynamically type and re-type parking spaces. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors are first plurality of sensors, and the system further comprises a second plurality of sensors respectively embedded in a plurality of portions of the expanse of space to collect sensor data on presence or absence of objects within the respective portions of the expanse of space; wherein the parking management unit is to manage parking of vehicles in the expanse of space, further based at least on the sensor data collected by the second plurality of sensors. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the expanse of space is a first expanse of space, and the plurality of sensors are first plurality of sensors; wherein the system further comprises a second plurality of sensors disposed around a second expanse of space to collect occupancy data of the second expanse of space; wherein the parking management unit is located in or adjoining the second expanse of space; wherein the parking management unit is also communicatively coupled with the second plurality of sensors, to manage parking of vehicles in the second expanse of space, based at least in part on the occupancy data collected by the second plurality of sensors. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the expanse of space is a first expanse of space, the plurality of sensors are first plurality of sensors, and the parking management unit is a first parking management unit; wherein the system further comprises: a second plurality of sensors disposed around a second expanse of space to collect occupancy data of the second expanse of space; a second parking management unit disposed in or adjoining the second expanse of space, and communicatively coupled with the second plurality of sensors, to manage parking of vehicles in the second expanse of space, based at least in part on the occupancy data collected by the second plurality of sensors; and one or more cloud servers communicatively coupled with the first and second parking management units to assist the first and second parking management units in managing parking of vehicles in the first and second expanses of spaces. ### Claim 10 An apparatus for managing parking of vehicles, comprising: a parking spatial determination engine to process one or more captured images of an expanse of space, or one or more pre-processed versions of the captured images of the expanse of space to identify an unoccupied portion of the expanse of space, and define one or more available parking spaces within the identified unoccupied portion of the expanse of space; wherein to define one or more available parking spaces includes to partition the identified unoccupied portion of the expanse of space into a plurality of available parking spaces of fixed or variable sizes, when dimensions of the identified unoccupied portion of the expanse of space are sufficient to support more than one vehicle of a particular size; wherein the one or more available parking spaces defined within the identified unoccupied portion of the expanse of space are allocated to vehicles in need of parking spaces. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein to define one or more available parking spaces, the parking spatial determination engine is to determine one or more dimensions of the unoccupied portion of the expanse of space identified, and define the one or more available parking spaces within the identified unoccupied portion of the expanse of space based at least in part on the determined one or more dimensions of the identified unoccupied portion of the expanse of space; wherein the one or more dimensions include a depth or a length. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the one or more captured images are captured by one or more cameras disposed around the expanse of space, and the one or more pre-processed versions of the captured images are the captured images pre-processed to at least remove background or noise. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising a pre-processor to pre-process the initially captured images of the expanse of space to remove background or noise from the initially captured images, and to output the background or noise removed images of the expanse of space directly to the parking spatial determination engine, or indirectly to the parking spatial determination engine after additional processing of the background or noise removed images of the expanse of space. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising a detection or identification engine to process the at least background or noise removed images of the expanse of space to detect or identify objects within the at least background or noise removed images of the expanse of space; and output object detection or identification information directly to the parking spatial determination engine, or indirectly to the parking spatial determination engine, after additional processing of the object detected or identified images of the expanse of space. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising a scene segmentation engine to process the at least background or noise removed images of the expanse of space to recognize pedestrian traffic, moving vehicles, parked vehicles, license plates of vehicles, or identities of drivers or passengers of vehicles within the expanse of space, and output the recognized pedestrian traffic, moving vehicles, parked vehicles, license plates of vehicles, or identities of drivers or passengers of vehicles to the parking spatial determination engine. ### Claim 16 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising a parking space allocation engine to allocate an available parking space that can accommodate a vehicle in need of a parking space, to the vehicle in need of a parking space. ### Claim 17 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising a hardware accelerator programmed with logic to implement one of the engines. ### Claim 18 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the apparatus is a parking management unit disposed in or adjoining the expanse of space, or a cloud server to support a plurality of parking management units respectively disposed at a plurality of expanses of spaces. ### Claim 19 A method for managing parking, comprising: collecting with a plurality of sensors disposed around an expanse of space, occupancy data of the expanse of space; and managing with a parking management unit disposed in or adjoining the expanse of space, parking of vehicles in the expanse of space, based at least in part on the occupancy data collected by the plurality of sensors; wherein the plurality of sensors comprise a plurality of cameras disposed around the expanse of space to capture images of the expanse of space, and managing comprises determining availability of parking spaces within the expanse of space, based at least in part on the images captured; wherein determining availability of parking spaces includes determining an unoccupied segment or area of the expanse of space, and partition the unoccupied segment or area of the expanse of space into parking spaces for assignment to vehicles in need of parking spaces. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method of claim 19, wherein the expanse of space is a first expanse of space, and the plurality of sensors are first plurality of sensors; wherein the method further comprises collecting from a second plurality of sensors disposed around a second expanse of space to collect occupancy data of the second expanse of space; wherein the parking management unit is located in or adjoining the second expanse of space and communicatively coupled with the second plurality of sensors; and wherein managing parking of vehicles further comprises managing parking of vehicles in the second expanse of space, based at least in part on the occupancy data collected by the second plurality of sensors. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The method of claim 19, wherein the expanse of space is a first expanse of space, the plurality of sensors are first plurality of sensors, and the parking management unit is a first parking management unit; wherein the method further comprises: collecting from a second plurality of sensors disposed around a second expanse of space to collect occupancy data of the second expanse of space; managing, with a second parking management unit disposed in or adjoining the second expanse of space, and communicatively coupled with the second plurality of sensors, parking of vehicles in the second expanse of space, based at least in part on the occupancy data collected by the second plurality of sensors; and assisting, with one or more cloud servers, the first and second parking management units in managing parking of vehicles in the first and second expanses of spaces. ### Claim 22 At least one non-transitory computer readable media (CRM) comprising a plurality of instructions configured to cause a computer device, in response to execution of the instructions, to process one or more captured images of an expanse of space, or one or more pre-processed versions of the captured images of the expanse of space to identify an unoccupied portion of the expanse of space, and define one or more available parking spaces within the identified unoccupied portion of the expanse of space; wherein the one or more captured images are captured by one or more cameras disposed around the expanse of space, and the one or more pre-processed versions of the captured images are the captured images pre-processed to at least remove background or noise; wherein to define one or more available parking spaces includes to partition the identified unoccupied portion of the expanse of space into a plurality of available parking spaces of fixed or variable sizes, when dimensions of the identified unoccupied portion of the expanse of space are sufficient to support more than one vehicle of a particular size; and wherein the one or more available parking spaces defined within the identified unoccupied portion of the expanse of space are allocated to vehicles in need of parking spaces. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The non-transitory CRM of claim 22, wherein the computing device is further caused to: pre-process the initially captured images of the expanse of space to remove background or noise from the initially captured images, and to output the background or noise removed images of the expanse of space directly to a parking spatial determination engine, or indirectly to the parking spatial determination engine after additional processing of the background or noise removed images of the expanse of space; process the at least background or noise removed images of the expanse of space to detect or identify objects within the at least background or noise removed images of the expanse of space; and output object detection or identification information directly to the parking spatial determination engine, or indirectly to the parking spatial determination engine, after additional processing of the object detected or identified images of the expanse of space; process the at least background or noise removed images of the expanse of space to recognize pedestrian traffic, moving vehicles, parked vehicles, license plates of vehicles, or identities of drivers or passengers of vehicles within the expanse of space, and output the recognized pedestrian traffic, moving vehicles, parked vehicles, license plates of vehicles, or identities of drivers or passengers of vehicles to the parking spatial determination engine; or allocate an available parking space that can accommodate a vehicle in need of a parking space, to the vehicle in need of a parking space.