# US 10,310,534 B2 · System, method, and data packets for messaging for electric power grid elements over a secure internet protocol network

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- Number: US 10,310,534 B2
- Document ID: US10310534B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/797,630
- Filed: 2017-10-30
- Published: 2018-03-01
- Granted: 2019-06-04
- Earliest claimed: 2012-07-31
- Assignees: Causam Energy, Inc.
- Applicants: Causam Energy, Inc.
- Inventors: Joseph W. Forbes, Jr.
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10310534B2

## CPC

- G05F 1/66: Regulating electric power
- G05B 13/02: electric
- G05B 15/02: electric
- G05B 19/02: electric
- G06Q 50/06: Energy or water supply
- H02J 3/00: Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J 3/0012: characterised by the contingency detection means in AC networks, e.g. using phasor measurement units [PMU], synchrophasors or contingency analysis
- H02J 3/14: by switching loads on to, or off from, the networks, e.g. progressively balanced loading
- H02J 13/1323: {using optical fibres}
- H02J 13/1337: {involving the use of Internet protocols}
- H02J 13/333: the equipment forming part of substations
- H04L 67/10: in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network (software deployment G06F8/60; multiprogramming arrangements G06F9/46)
- H02J 3/38: Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
- Y02E 40/70: Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
- Y02E 60/00: Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y04S 10/12: Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S 10/50: Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S 40/124: using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
- Y04S 40/128: involving the use of Internet protocol
- G05F: SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05B: CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS (systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables G05D; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables G05F; control devices or systems insofar as characterised by mechanical features only G05G)
- G06Q: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS

## Abstract

Systems, methods, and messages of the present invention provides IP-based messages associated with the grid elements, wherein each IP-based message includes an internet protocol (IP) packet that is generated autonomously and/or automatically by the grid elements, intelligent messaging hardware associated with the grid elements, at least one coordinator, and/or a server associated with the electric power grid and its operation, energy settlement, and/or financial settlement for electricity provided or consumed, transmitted, and/or curtailed or reduced. The IP packet preferably includes a content including raw data and/or transformed data, a priority associated with the IP-based message, a security associated with the IP packet, and/or a transport route for communicating the IP-based message via the network.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for IP-based message communication in an electric power grid, comprising:
providing at least one grid element including a processor operatively coupled with memory and a coordinator, wherein the at least one grid element is constructed and configured for electrical connection and network-based communication with a server;
the at least one grid element collecting, generating, sensing, detecting, storing and/or measuring raw data associated with a predetermined function within the electric power grid that is performed by the at least one grid element;
automatically transforming the raw data into transformed data associated with the at least one grid element;
generating an IP packet including the transformed data for communication as an IP-based message; and
transmitting the IP-based message via a network to the server, and/or the coordinator;
wherein the IP packet is generated by the at least one grid element in response to a poll and/or a request, wherein the poll and/or the request is sent by the coordinator and received by the at least one grid element via the network to control participation of the at least one grid element;
wherein the IP packet includes an indication of at least one attribute of the at least one grid element, including an indication of revenue grade metrology, security, a market-based financial settlement, status, attachment point information, a grid element identifier, a grid element profile, power consumption, and/or prioritization;
wherein the IP packet includes a priority for transmission via the network and a presentation relating to the participation of the at least one grid element based upon requirements of the electric power grid; and
wherein the priority and presentation are based on factors associated with the electric power grid following a hierarchy of priority including grid reliability factors, grid stability factors, energy market-based factors, billing determinants, energy settlement factors, financial settlement factors, transmission factors, and the revenue grade metrology.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the transformed data content includes at least one of any amount of kilowatt packet (KWP) units, power supply value (PSV) units, and power trading block (PTB) units.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the transformed data content includes a settlement grade content for determining a financial settlement corresponding to the participation of the at least one grid element.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the transformed data content corresponds to at least one kilowatt packet (KWP) unit of the participation of the at least one grid element.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further including indicating the priority associated with the IP packet.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further including providing a security for the IP-based message and its communication over the network.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further including designating or identifying a transport route for communicating the IP-based message via the network.

### Claim 8

A system for communication of IP-based messages within an electric power grid network comprising:
at least one grid element having a processor operatively coupled with a memory, constructed and configured for electrical connection and network-based communication with a coordinator via a network;
wherein an IP-based message is associated with the at least one grid element, the IP-based message including an internet protocol (IP) packet that is generated autonomously and/or automatically by transforming a raw data into a transformed content, wherein the raw data corresponds to a participation of the at least one grid element in an electric power grid;
wherein the IP packet is generated by the at least one grid element in response to a poll and/or a request, wherein the poll and/or the request is sent from the coordinator and received by the at least one grid element via the network to control the participation of the at least one grid element in the electric power grid;
wherein the IP packet includes an indication of at least one attribute of the at least one grid element, including an indication of revenue grade metrology, security, a market-based financial settlement, status, attachment point information, a grid element identifier, a grid element profile, power consumption, and/or prioritization;
wherein the IP packet further includes a priority for transmission via the network and a presentation relating to the participation of the at least one grid element based upon requirements of the electric power grid; and
wherein the priority is based upon factors associated with the electric power grid following a dynamic hierarchy of priority including grid reliability factors, grid stability factors, energy market-based factors, billing determinants, energy settlement factors, financial settlement factors, transmission factors, and the revenue grade metrology.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the IP packet is constructed and configured for transmission over the network used for energy management and/or financial settlements communications for the electric power grid.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the IP packet is routable through the network by the coordinator.

### Claim 11 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the IP packet is automatically generated by the at least one grid element.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the IP packet includes a security associated with the IP packet or a transport route for communicating the IP-based message via the network.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the participation of the at least one grid element in the electric power grid or a functionality of each of the at least one grid element in the electric power grid determines at least one of: the priority associated with the IP packet, the security associated with the IP packet, or the transport route for communicating the IP-based message via the network.

### Claim 14 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the IP packet includes a composition, a payload, headers, a destination address, a source address, application layers, and the presentation.

### Claim 15 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, further including a server and/or a processor operatively coupled with a database, constructed and configured for electrical connection and network-based communication via the network with the coordinator.

### Claim 16 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the transformed content further includes a settlement grade content for determining market-based financial settlement corresponding to the participation of the at least one grid element in the electric power grid.

### Claim 17 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the transformed content includes at least one of any level of kilowatt packet (KWP) units, power supply value (PSV) units, and/or power trading block (PTB) units.