# US 10,310,458 B2 · Process optimization by grouping mixed integer nonlinear programming constraints > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,310,458 B2 - Document ID: US10310458B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/977,785 - Filed: 2015-12-22 - Published: 2017-06-22 - Granted: 2019-06-04 - Earliest claimed: 2015-12-22 - Assignees: Schneider Electric Software, LLC - Applicants: Invensys Systems, inc. - Inventors: Rajkumar Vedam; James Jude Kattapuram; Kishore Kumar Hemachandran; Sankararao Boddupalli; Pranav Bhaswanth Madabhushi; Gareth Hillier; Mallikarjun Avanna Lavate; Detong Zhang; Purt Tanartkit - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10310458B2 ## CPC - G05B 13/041: {in which a variable is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance} - G06F 17/11: for solving equations {, e.g. nonlinear equations, general mathematical optimization problems (optimization specially adapted for a specific administrative, business or logistic context G06Q10/04)} - F23N 2223/40: Simulation - F23N 2223/44: Optimum control - H02J 2103/30: Simulating, planning, modelling, reliability check or computer assisted design [CAD] of electric power networks - G05B: CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS (systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables G05D; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables G05F; control devices or systems insofar as characterised by mechanical features only G05G) - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - F23N: REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION (control devices specially adapted for combustion apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles F23C10/28; condition responsive controls for regulating combustion in domestic stoves with open fires for solid fuel F24B1/187) - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY ## Abstract Real-time dynamic optimization of a process model in an online model-based process control computing environment. A mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) solver utilizes grouping of first-principle model units to implement constraints of the underlying process. A group identifier parameter and a group complement parameter enable the grouping behavior through association with the first-principles model units. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system, comprising: a sensor generating data signals representing a current state of each of a plurality of process switchable unit models within a continuous process; and a control system receiving the generated data signals and generating an operating state of the continuous process, the control system comprising a processor executing computer-executable circuits, the circuits comprising: a plurality of model circuits implementing at least one first-principle equation, wherein the first-principle equation represents at least one of the process switchable unit models, and wherein two or more of the plurality of model circuits comprise a group; a plurality of switch circuits each comprising a corresponding one of the plurality of model circuits and each implementing a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) behavior of the corresponding model circuit, wherein each switch circuit includes a group identifier parameter of the group and a group complement parameter encoding an operational constraint of the continuous process; and an MINLP solver circuit switching each of the plurality of model circuits of the group between an active state and an inactive state based at least in part on the group identifier parameter and the group complement parameter during a simulation of an operation of the plurality of model circuits to generate the operating state of the continuous process in real-time with an operation of the continuous process. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the group identifier parameter comprises a common value among each of the model circuits comprising the group. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein a model circuit exhibits complementary switching behavior during the simulation when the group complement parameter is in a marked state. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of switch circuits are implicitly aware of a group leader switchable unit model circuit of the plurality of model circuits. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the group comprises a first set of model circuits each having an unmarked group complement parameter and a second set of model circuits each having a marked group complement parameter. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the group comprises at least one model component not comprising one of the plurality of switch circuits. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of switch circuits further includes one or more logical constraints encoding the operational constraint of the continuous process. ### Claim 8 A computer-implemented method for generating an optimal operating state of a continuous process, the method comprising: receiving, by a control system, data signals from at least one sensor within the continuous process, the data signals representing a current state of each of a plurality of process switchable unit models within the continuous process; simulating, by the control system, an operation of a plurality of switchable unit models in conjunction with a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) solver in real-time, the plurality of switchable unit models each representing one of the plurality of process switchable unit models via at least one first-principle equation; grouping, by the control system, two or more of the plurality of switchable unit models into a group based on at least one operating constraint of the continuous process, each of the plurality of switchable unit models of the group having an MINLP switch implementing MINLP behavior of the switchable unit model, and each MINLP switch encoding the at least one operating constraint; switching, by the control system, the MINLP switch of each of the switchable unit models of the group between an active state and an inactive state during said simulating based at least in part on the at least one operating constraint; and generating, by the control system, an operating state of the continuous process based on said simulating, said grouping, and said switching, wherein the operating state satisfies the at least one operating constraint. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein each MINLP switch encodes the at least one operating constraint as a group identifier parameter, and further comprising assigning a common value to the group identifier parameter of each switchable unit model of the group. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein each MINLP switch further encodes the at least one operating constraint as a group complement parameter, and further comprising assigning at least one of a marked state and an unmarked state to each group complement parameter, wherein a switchable unit model exhibits complementary switching behavior with respect to other switchable unit models of the group when the group complement parameter of the switchable unit model is in a marked state, and wherein a switchable unit model exhibits similar switching behavior with respect to other switchable unit models of the group when the group complement parameter of the switchable unit model is in an unmarked state. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein said grouping comprises making each of the switchable unit models of the group implicitly aware of a group leader switchable unit model. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein said grouping comprises partitioning each of the switchable unit models of the group into a first set of non-complementary switchable unit models and a second set of complementary switchable unit models. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, further comprising associating the switchable unit models of the group each having the MINLP switch with at least one switchable unit model not having the MINLP switch. ### Claim 14 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein each MINLP switch encodes the at least one operating constraint as a logical constraint. ### Claim 15 A non-transitory computer-readable storage device having computer-executable modules stored thereon, that when executed by a processor, generate an operating state of a continuous process, said modules comprising: a plurality of model modules each defining a plurality of switchable unit models, each switchable unit model representing a process switchable unit within the continuous process via at least one first-principle equation during an execution of the model module by the processor, wherein two or more of the plurality of model modules comprise a group; a plurality of mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) switch modules each transitioning a corresponding model module of the group between an active state and an inactive state based at least in part on a parameter encoding at least one operating constraint of the continuous process during an execution of the MINLP switch module by the processor, the plurality of MINLP switch modules each implementing an MINLP behavior of the corresponding model module; and a solver module simulating an operation of each of the model modules and the MINLP switch modules in real-time during an execution of the solver module by the processor to generate the operating state of the continuous process, wherein the operating state satisfies the parameter encoding the at least one operating constraint of the continuous process. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein the parameter comprises a group identifier parameter, wherein a common value is assigned to the group identifier parameter of the model modules of the group. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The non-transitory computer-readable storage device of claim 16, wherein the parameter further comprises a group complement parameter, wherein a model module exhibits complementary transitioning behavior with respect to other model modules of the group during the execution when the group complement parameter of the model module is in a marked state. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein each of the plurality of model modules of the group are implicitly aware of a group leader model module. ### Claim 19 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein the group comprises a first set of non-complementary model modules and a second set of complementary model modules. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein the parameter comprises one or more logical constraints encoding the at least one operating constraint of the continuous process.