# US 10,310,025 B2 · Control device and control method for electric vehicle

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- Number: US 10,310,025 B2
- Document ID: US10310025B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/384,438
- Filed: 2013-03-08
- Published: 2015-05-14
- Granted: 2019-06-04
- Earliest claimed: 2012-03-13
- Assignees: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
- Applicants: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
- Inventors: Tsutomu Soga; Atsushi Takano
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10310025B2

## CPC

- G01R 31/3842: combining voltage and current measurements
- B60L 3/12: Recording operating variables {; Monitoring of operating variables}
- B60L 58/12: responding to state of charge [SoC]
- G01R 31/3648: {comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm}
- G01R 31/367: Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
- H01M 10/48: Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte (constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569)
- B60L 2240/545: Temperature
- B60L 2240/547: Voltage
- B60L 2240/549: Current
- B60L 2260/44: by parameter estimation
- G01R 31/3828: using current integration
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
- G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12)
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

A residual capacity calculation apparatus for a battery includes a current detection device to detect a charge/discharge current of the battery and a voltage detection device to detect an open circuit voltage of the battery, and a controller. The controller is configured to calculate a first residual capacity based on an integrated value of the charge/discharge current of the battery, calculate a second residual capacity based on the open circuit voltage of the battery, determine a blend rate of the second residual capacity based on a deviation between the first residual capacity and the second residual capacity, calculate a post-combination residual capacity by subjecting the first residual capacity and the second residual capacity to weighted combination with use of the blend rate, and increase the blend rate as the deviation between the first residual capacity and the second residual capacity increases.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A control device for an electric vehicle, comprising:
a current sensor adapted to detect a charge/discharge current of a battery of the vehicle;
a voltage sensor adapted to detect an open circuit voltage of the battery;
a battery controller adapted to detect a residual capacity of the battery based on the charge/discharge current detected by the current sensor and the open circuit voltage detected by the voltage sensor;
a vehicle controller configured to control an electric load arranged to operate with electric power supplied from the battery; and
a meter, wherein
the battery controller is programmed to:
calculate a first residual capacity based on an integrated value of the charge/discharge current of the battery detected by the current sensor;
calculate a second residual capacity based on the open circuit voltage of the battery detected by the voltage sensor;
determine a blend rate of the second residual capacity based on a deviation between the first residual capacity and the second residual capacity;
calculate a post-combination residual capacity by subjecting the first residual capacity and the second residual capacity to weighted combination with use of the blend rate;
increase the blend rate as the first residual capacity increases relative to the second residual capacity during discharging or as the second residual capacity increases relative to the first residual capacity during charging; and
use the calculated post-combination residual capacity as a detection value of the residual capacity of the battery to reduce an estimation error of the residual capacity of the battery due to a cell abnormality, and
the vehicle controller is further configured to, when it is determined that the post-combination residual capacity is insufficient, limit the electric power consumption of the electric load and cause the meter to display the post-combination residual capacity to a driver.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The control device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the battery controller is further programmed to:
calculate a change range of the first residual capacity in one calculation period based on an integrated value of a detection value of the charge/discharge current in the one calculation period, a full charge capacity determined in advance, and an error estimated value including any one of a detection error of the current sensor or an error of the full charge capacity; and
limit the second residual capacity to a value within an estimation value limit range to calculate a value as the first residual capacity.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The control device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the post-combination residual capacity is a weighted sum of the first residual capacity and the second residual capacity.

### Claim 4

A control method for an electric vehicle,
a battery of the vehicle comprising a current sensor adapted to detect a charge/discharge current of the battery, and a voltage sensor adapted to detect an open circuit voltage of the battery; the control method comprising:
a first residual capacity calculation step of calculating a first residual capacity based on an integrated value of the charge/discharge current of the battery detected by the current sensor;
a second residual capacity calculation step of calculating a second residual capacity based on the open circuit voltage of the battery detected by the voltage sensor;
a step of setting a blend rate larger as the first residual capacity increases relative to the second residual capacity during discharging or as the second residual capacity increases relative to the first residual capacity during charging;
a third residual capacity calculation step of calculating a post-combination residual capacity by subjecting the first residual capacity and the second residual capacity to weighted combination with use of the blend rate;
a step of calculating a detection value of the residual capacity of the battery by using the post-combination residual capacity calculated by the third residual capacity calculation step as the detection value of the residual capacity of the battery to reduce an estimation error of the residual capacity of the battery due to a cell abnormality;
a step of limiting, when it is determined that the post-combination residual capacity is insufficient, an electric power consumption of an electric load arranged to operate with electric power supplied from the battery and causing a meter to display the post-combination residual capacity to a driver.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method for an electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the post-combination residual capacity is a weighted sum of the first residual capacity and the second residual capacity.