# US 10,309,771 B2 · System and method for determining facer surface smoothness

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- Number: US 10,309,771 B2
- Document ID: US10309771B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/099,082
- Filed: 2016-04-14
- Published: 2016-12-15
- Granted: 2019-06-04
- Earliest claimed: 2015-06-11
- Assignees: United States Gypsum Company
- Applicants: United States Gypsum Company
- Inventors: Jenner Omodt; Alfred C. Li; Michael P. Shake; Weixin D. Song
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10309771B2

## CPC

- G01B 11/30: for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
- Y02W 30/91: Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
- G01B: MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- Y02W: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT

## Abstract

Embodiments of a system and a method for determining a surface smoothness of a facing specimen can be used in connection with the manufacture of products, including cementitious products such as gypsum wallboard, for example. Such systems and methods can be used to generate a composite smoothness factor based upon a measured mottle value and topography value using stochastic frequency distribution analysis.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system for determining a surface smoothness of a facer surface of a facing specimen, the system comprising:
a digital imaging device, the digital imaging device configured to generate a digital image of the facing specimen, the digital imaging device including a housing, a transparent panel, and at least one image sensor, the housing defining a scanning area, the transparent panel being mounted to the housing over the scanning area, and each of said at least one image sensor being configured to generate digital image data relating to the facer surface placed upon the transparent panel for generating the digital image;
a non-transitory, computer-readable medium, the non-transitory, computer-readable medium bearing a surface analyzing application; and
a surface analyzing processor, the surface analyzing processor being in operable arrangement with the digital imaging device to receive the digital image therefrom and being in operable arrangement with the non-transitory, computer-readable medium to execute the surface analyzing application;
wherein the surface analyzing application includes a mottle computational module configured to determine a mottle value for the facer surface based upon the digital image, a topography computational module configured to determine a topography value for the facer surface based upon the digital image, and a composite smoothness computational module configured to determine a composite smoothness value based upon the mottle value and the topography value for the facer surface, and a graphical user interface module configured to receive input from a user and to display output from the surface analyzing application;
a display device, the display device operably arranged with the processor to display the graphical user interface.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system according to claim 1, wherein the digital imaging device includes a carriage, the carriage disposed within the housing and reciprocally movable over a range of travel along a scanning axis to traverse the scanning area, said at least one image sensor mounted to the carriage.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system according to claim 1, wherein the digital imaging device includes a light source, the light source disposed within the housing and configured to illuminate the facer surface when the facing specimen is placed upon the transparent panel.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The system according to claim 3, wherein the digital imaging device includes a carriage, the carriage disposed within the housing and reciprocally movable over a range of travel along a scanning axis to traverse the scanning area, said at least one image sensor mounted to the carriage.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The system according to claim 4, wherein the carriage holds an array of image sensors, each image sensor being configured to convert an amount of light sensed by each respective image sensor into a luminance value signal, the digital image including luminance data corresponding to the luminance value signals respectively generated by the array of image sensors over a matrix of pixels defining the digital image.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system according to claim 1, wherein the composite smoothness computational module of the surface analyzing application is configured to determine the composite smoothness value based upon the equation:
S=(0.5M)+(0.5T)
where S is the composite smoothness value of the facing specimen,
M is the mottle value of the facing specimen, and
T is the topography value of the facing specimen.

### Claim 7

A method of determining a surface smoothness of a facing specimen, the method comprising:
placing the facing specimen upon a transparent panel of a digital imaging device such that a facer surface of the facing specimen is disposed over a scanning area of the digital imaging device;
operating the digital imaging device to generate a digital image of the facer surface of the facing specimen;
transmitting the digital image to a surface analyzing processor;
using the surface analyzing processor to execute a surface analyzing application stored upon a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the surface analyzing application:
determining a mottle value for the facer surface based upon the digital image,
determining a topography value for the facer surface based upon the digital image, and
determining a composite smoothness value based upon the mottle value and the topography value for the facer surface.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
preparing the facing specimen so that the facer surface of the facing specimen is substantially free of ink markings.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
preparing the facing specimen by taking the facing specimen from a supply of facer material.

### Claim 10 (depends on 7)

The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
preparing the facing specimen by taking the facing specimen from a board product.

### Claim 11 (depends on 7)

The method according to claim 7, wherein the surface analyzing application uses an area of interest within the digital image for determining the mottle value, the topography value, and the composite smoothness value.

### Claim 12 (depends on 7)

The method according to claim 7, wherein operating the digital imaging device to generate the digital image of the facer surface of the facing specimen includes moving a carriage of the digital imaging device along a scanning axis to traverse the scanning area, illuminating the facer surface of the facing specimen, and detecting, by an array of image sensors mounted to the carriage, an amount of light reflected from the facer surface such that the digital image includes luminance data corresponding to luminance value signals respectively generated by the array of image sensors over a matrix of pixels defining the digital image.

### Claim 13 (depends on 7)

The method according to claim 7, wherein the surface analyzing application determines the composite smoothness value based upon the equation:
S=(0.5M)+(0.5T)
where S is the composite smoothness value of the facing specimen,
M is the mottle value of the facing specimen, and
T is the topography value of the facing specimen.

### Claim 14 (depends on 7)

The method according to claim 7, wherein the digital image, the mottle value, and the topography value comprise a first digital image, a first mottle value, and a first topography value, respectively, wherein operating the digital imaging device includes moving a carriage of the digital imaging device along a scanning axis to generate the digital image of the facer surface of the facing specimen, the carriage bearing an array of image sensors, and wherein placing the facing specimen upon the transparent panel of the digital imaging device includes positioning the facing specimen in a first orientation, the method further comprising:
repositioning the facing specimen upon the transparent panel of the digital imaging device such that the facing specimen is in a second orientation, the second orientation being different from the first orientation;
operating the digital imaging device to generate a second digital image of the facer surface of the facing specimen by moving the carriage of the digital imaging device along the scanning axis to generate the second digital image;
wherein the surface analyzing application:
determines a second mottle value for the facer surface based upon the second digital image,
calculates an average mottle value based upon the first mottle value and the second mottle value,
determines a second topography value for the facer surface based upon the second digital image,
calculates an average topography value based upon the first topography value and the second topography value, and
determines the composite smoothness value based upon the average mottle value and the average topography value for the facer surface.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The method according to claim 14, wherein the scanning axis extends along a first dimension of the facing specimen when the facing specimen is in the first orientation, and the scanning axis extends along a second dimension when the facing specimen is in the second orientation, the first dimension being different from the second dimension.

### Claim 16 (depends on 7)

The method according to claim 7, wherein the facing specimen, the digital image, the mottle value, and the topography value comprise a first specimen, a first digital image, a first mottle value, and a first topography value, respectively, the method further comprising:
placing a reference facing specimen upon the transparent panel of the digital imaging device such that a facer surface of the reference facing specimen is disposed over the scanning area of the digital imaging device;
operating the digital imaging device to generate a reference digital image of the facer surface of the reference facing specimen;
transmitting the reference digital image to the surface analyzing processor;
using the surface analyzing processor to execute the surface analyzing application stored upon a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the surface analyzing application:
determining a second mottle value for the facer surface of the reference facing specimen based upon the reference digital image,
determining a second topography value for the facer surface of the reference facing specimen based upon the reference digital image, and
determining the composite smoothness value for the first facing specimen based upon a first difference between the second mottle value and the first mottle value and a second difference between the second topography value and the first topography value.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The method according to claim 16, wherein the surface analyzing application determines the composite smoothness value using the equation:
Sij=(0.5×% ΔMij)+(0.5×% ΔTij)
where Sij is the composite smoothness value of the first facing specimen (I) relative to the reference facing specimen (J),
% ΔMij is a percent mottle change of the first facing specimen (I) relative to the reference facing specimen (J), and
% ΔTij is a percent topography change of the first facing specimen (I) relative to the reference facing specimen (J).

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The method according to claim 17, wherein the surface analyzing application determines the percent mottle change using the equation:
%
⁢
⁢
Δ
⁢
⁢
M
ij
=
(
M
j
-
M
i
)
M
j
×
100
⁢
%
where Mi is the first mottle value of the first facing specimen (I), and
Mj is the second mottle value of the reference facing specimen (J).

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The method according to claim 18, wherein the surface analyzing application determines the percent topography change using the equation:
%
⁢
⁢
Δ
⁢
⁢
T
ij
=
(
T
j
-
T
i
)
T
j
×
100
⁢
%
where Ti is the first topography value of the first facing specimen (I), and
Tj is the second topography value of the reference facing specimen (J).