# US 10,309,386 B2 · Solid state pump using electro-rheological fluid

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- Number: US 10,309,386 B2
- Document ID: US10309386B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/296,694
- Filed: 2016-10-18
- Published: 2017-10-19
- Granted: 2019-06-04
- Earliest claimed: 2015-10-19
- Assignees: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Utah State University
- Applicants: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Utah State University
- Inventors: Youzhi Liang; Anette E. Hosoi; Matthew F. Demers; Karl D. Iagnemma; Jose R. Alvarado; Regan A. Zane; Michael Evzelman
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10309386B2

## CPC

- F04B 43/043: {Micropumps}
- F04B 17/00: Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
- F04B 19/006: {Micropumps (F04B43/043 and F04B43/095 take precedence)}
- F04B: POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS (machines for liquids, or pumps, of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type F04C; non-positive-displacement pumps F04D; pumping of fluid by direct contact of another fluid or by using inertia of fluid to be pumped F04F)

## Abstract

The systems and methods described herein are directed towards a solid state pumping system that utilizes an electric field applied across a channel formed within the solid state pump to move electro-rheological (ER) fluid from an inlet fluidly coupled to a first end of the channel to an outlet fluidly coupled to a second end of the channel. The solid state pumping system may include first, second and third plate with the second plate disposed between the first and third plate. The second plate may include a channel having first and second circuits coupled to opposing sides of the channel. In an embodiment, in response to a voltage applied thereto, the first and second circuits can provide an electric field voltage across the channel such that in response to the electric field voltage the ER fluid moves from the first end to the second end of the channel.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A solid state pumping system comprising:
a first plate having first and second opposing surfaces;
a second plate having first and second opposing surfaces, the second plate disposed under the second surface of the first plate, wherein the second plate comprises:
a channel formed within the second plate, the channel having a first end and a second end;
a first circuit coupled to a first side of the channel; and
a second circuit coupled to a second side of the channel, wherein in response to a voltage applied thereto, the first and second circuits provide an electric field voltage across the channel such that in response to the electric field voltage an electro-rheological fluid moves from the first end to the second end of the channel; and
a third plate having first and second opposing surfaces, the third plate disposed under the second surface of the second plate.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of electrodes coupled to each of the first and second circuits.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The system of claim 2, wherein a spacing of the plurality of electrodes along a length of the first and second circuits respectively determines a magnitude of the electric field voltage applied across the channel.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The system of claim 3, wherein a flow rate of the electro-rheological fluid through the channel is based, at least in part, on dimensions of the channel and the magnitude of the electric field voltage.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further comprising a first tube coupled to an inlet formed through a first portion of at least one of the first plate or the third plate and coupled to the first end of the channel, wherein the first tube provides the electro-rheological fluid to the first end of the channel, and a second tube coupled to an outlet formed through a second portion of at least one of the first plate or the third plate and coupled to the second end of the channel, wherein the second tube receives the electro-rheological fluid.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the second plate comprises a recessed region on each of the first and second surfaces, the recessed region having a shape and dimension selected to accommodate the first and second circuits such that the surfaces of first and second circuits are substantially flush with the non-recessed portions of the first and second surfaces of the second plate.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The system of claim 6, further comprising a means for coupling the first and second circuits to the recessed region on the first surface of the second plate and the first and second circuits to the recessed region on the second surface of the second plate.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The system of claim 7, wherein a depth of the recessed regions on the first surface of the second plate corresponds to a thickness of the means for coupling and a depth of the recessed regions on the second surface of the second plate corresponds to a thickness of the means for coupling.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The system of claim 7, wherein the second surface of the first plate has a first recessed region, the first recessed region having a shape and dimension selected to accommodate the first and second circuits such that the surfaces of first and second circuits are substantially flush with the non-recessed portions of the second surface of the first plate and the first surface of the third plate has a second recessed region, the second recessed region having a shape and dimension selected to accommodate the first and second circuits such that the surfaces of first and second circuits are substantially flush with the non-recessed portions of the first surface of the third plate.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, wherein a depth of the first recessed region on the second surface of the first plate corresponds to a thickness of the means for coupling and a depth of the second recessed region on the first surface of the third plate corresponds to a thickness of the means for coupling.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first circuit is wrapped through the channel and coupled to the first and second surfaces of the second plate.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the second circuit is wrapped through the channel and coupled to the first and second surfaces of the second plate.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first circuit includes a plurality of cathodes and the second circuit includes a plurality of anodes to form dipole-dipole interaction across the channel to move the electro-rheological fluid from the first end to the second end of the channel.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein each of the first, second and third plates include transparent acrylic plates.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the channel is a first one of a plurality of channels formed within the second plate, wherein the electric field voltage is applied across each of the plurality of channels.