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US 10,307,716 B2Granted
Grafted membranes and substrates having surfaces with switchable superoleophilicity and superoleophobicity and applications thereof
AssigneeKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology
InventorsLianbin Zhang, Peng Wang
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Abstract
Disclosed herein are surface-modified membranes and other surface-modified substrates exhibiting switchable oleophobicity and oleophilicity in aqueous media. These membranes and substrates may be used for variety of applications, including controllable oil/water separation processes, oil spill cleanup, and oil/water purification. Also provided are the making and processing of such surface-modified membranes and other surface-modified substrates.
Claims20
A surface-modified material for removing oil from water, comprising:
- a porous substrate comprising a plurality of polymer chains, wherein each polymer chain is covalently bonded to the substrate via a functional group on the surface of the substrate such that the surface is one or more of oleophilic and hydrophobic at a first condition, and one or more of oleophobic and hydrophilic at a second condition;
- wherein the first and second conditions are selected from the group consisting of a certain temperature, voltage, pH, illuminance, pressure, and a combination thereof;
- wherein the substrate has a different chemical composition than the polymer chains;
- wherein the functional group on the surface is selected from the group consisting of epoxy, amino, carboxy, hydroxy, and haloalkyl groups or a combination thereof;
- wherein at least one of the polymer chains is a block copolymer comprising at least one wettability-responsive polymer block selected from the group consisting of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), polyacrylamide, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, poly(2-vinylpyridine), poly(4-vinylpyridine), poly(acrylic acid), poly(methylacrylic acid), poly(2-(diethylamino)ethylmethacrylate, poly(spiropyran methacrylate), poly(methacryloyl ethylene phosphate), poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-dimethyl(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide, and poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethyl-trimethylammonium chloride] blocks;
- and
- wherein at least one of the polymer chains is a block copolymer comprising at least one hydrophobic and oleophilic polymer block selected from the group consisting of poly(acrylonitrile), poly(phenyl methyl siloxane), polystyrene, poly(4-dimethylsilyl styrene), poly(4-methyl styrene), poly(dimethyl siloxane), polyethylene, polypropylene, poly(isobutylene), polyamide, and poly(vinylidene fluoride) blocks.
4 more elements
A surface-modified material for removing oil from water, comprising:
- a metal mesh or metal foam substrate comprising a plurality of polymer chains, wherein each polymer chain is covalently bonded to the substrate via a functional group on the surface of the substrate such that the surface is one or more of oleophilic and hydrophobic at a first condition, and one or more of oleophobic and hydrophilic at a second condition;
- wherein the first and second conditions are selected from the group consisting of a certain temperature, voltage, pH, illuminance, pressure, and a combination thereof;
- wherein the functional group on the surface is selected from the group consisting of epoxy, amino, carboxy, hydroxy, and haloalkyl groups or a combination thereof;
- wherein at least one of the polymer chains is a block copolymer comprising at least one wettability-responsive polymer block selected from the group consisting of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), polyacrylamide, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, poly(2-vinylpyridine), poly(4-vinylpyridine), poly(acrylic acid), poly(methylacrylic acid), poly(2-(diethylamino)ethylmethacrylate, poly(spiropyran methacrylate), poly(methacryloyl ethylene phosphate), poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-dimethyl(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide, and poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethyl-trimethylammonium chloride] blocks;
- and
- wherein at least one of the polymer chains is a block copolymer comprising at least one hydrophobic and oleophilic polymer block selected from the group consisting of poly(acrylonitrile), poly(phenyl methyl siloxane), polystyrene, poly(4-dimethylsilyl styrene), poly(4-methyl styrene), poly(dimethyl siloxane), polyethylene, polypropylene, poly(isobutylene), polyamide, and poly(vinylidene fluoride) blocks.
3 more elements
A surface-modified material for removing oil from water, comprising:
- a polymer foam substrate comprising a plurality of polymer chains, wherein each polymer chain is covalently bonded to the substrate via a functional group on the surface of the substrate such that the surface is one or more of oleophilic and hydrophobic at a first condition, and one or more of oleophobic and hydrophilic at a second condition;
- wherein the first and second conditions are selected from the group consisting of a certain temperature, voltage, pH, illuminance, pressure, and a combination thereof;
- wherein the substrate has a different chemical composition than the polymer chains;
- wherein the functional group on the surface is selected from the group consisting of epoxy, amino, carboxy, hydroxy, and haloalkyl groups or a combination thereof;
- wherein at least one of the polymer chains is a block copolymer comprising at least one wettability-responsive polymer block selected from the group consisting of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), polyacrylamide, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, poly(2-vinylpyridine), poly(4-vinylpyridine), poly(acrylic acid), poly(methylacrylic acid), poly(2-(diethylamino)ethylmethacrylate, poly(spiropyran methacrylate), poly(methacryloyl ethylene phosphate), poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-dimethyl(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide, and poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethyl-trimethylammonium chloride] blocks;
- and
- wherein at least one of the polymer chains is a block copolymer comprising at least one hydrophobic and oleophilic polymer block selected from the group consisting of poly(acrylonitrile), poly(phenyl methyl siloxane), polystyrene, poly(4-dimethylsilyl styrene), poly(4-methyl styrene), poly(dimethyl siloxane), polyethylene, polypropylene, poly(isobutylene), polyamide, and poly(vinylidene fluoride) blocks.
4 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.