# US 10,307,085 B2 · Wearable physiology monitor computer apparatus, systems, and related methods

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- Number: US 10,307,085 B2
- Document ID: US10307085B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/610,439
- Filed: 2015-01-30
- Published: 2016-03-10
- Granted: 2019-06-04
- Earliest claimed: 2014-09-05
- Assignees: Vision Service Plan
- Applicants: Vision Service Plan
- Inventors: Jay William Sales; Richard Chester Klosinski, Jr.; Matthew Allen Workman; Meghan Kathleen Murphy; Matthew David Steen
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10307085B2

## CPC

- A61B 5/112: {Gait analysis}
- A61B 3/112: {for measuring diameter of pupils}
- A61B 5/0002: {Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network (endoradiosondes A61B5/07)}
- A61B 5/0022: {Monitoring a patient using a global network, e.g. telephone networks, internet}
- A61B 5/0077: {Devices for viewing the surface of the body, e.g. camera, magnifying lens}
- A61B 5/1032: {Determining colour of tissue for diagnostic purposes}
- A61B 5/1103: {Detecting muscular movement of the eye, e.g. eyelid movement}
- A61B 5/1114: {Tracking parts of the body}
- A61B 5/1116: {Determining posture transitions}
- A61B 5/1128: {using image analysis (A61B5/1127 takes precedence)}
- A61B 5/117: Identification of persons (methods or arrangements for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints, G06F18/00, G06V40/00; identification of persons by analysing their voice or speech G10L17/00)
- A61B 5/1176: {Recognition of faces}
- A61B 5/14552: {Details of sensors specially adapted therefor}
- A61B 5/165: {Evaluating the state of mind, e.g. depression, anxiety}
- A61B 5/4076: {Diagnosing or monitoring particular conditions of the nervous system}
- A61B 5/4266: {sweat secretion}
- A61B 5/443: {Evaluating skin constituents, e.g. elastin, melanin, water}
- A61B 5/486: {Biofeedback (using electroencephalography [EEG] A61B5/375)}
- A61B 5/4884: {inducing physiological or psychological stress, e.g. applications for stress testing}
- A61B 5/6803: {Head-worn items, e.g. helmets, masks, headphones or goggles}
- A61B 5/7246: {using correlation, e.g. template matching or determination of similarity}
- A61B 5/7278: {Artificial waveform generation or derivation, e.g. synthesizing signals from measured signals}
- A61B 7/04: Electric stethoscopes
- A63B 24/0062: {Monitoring athletic performances, e.g. for determining the work of a user on an exercise apparatus, the completed jogging or cycling distance}
- G06F 18/22: Matching criteria, e.g. proximity measures
- G06F 21/35: communicating wirelessly
- G06V 20/10: Terrestrial scenes (scenes under surveillance with static cameras G06V20/52; scenes perceived from the exterior of a vehicle G06V20/56; scenes perceived from the interior of a vehicle G06V20/59)
- G06V 40/18: Eye characteristics, e.g. of the iris
- G06V 40/19: Sensors therefor
- G06V 40/197: {Matching; Classification}
- G06V 40/25: {Recognition of walking or running movements, e.g. gait recognition}
- G07C 9/37: using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
- G08B 21/02: Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B 21/0423: {detecting deviation from an expected pattern of behaviour or schedule}
- G08B 21/0461: {integrated or attached to an item closely associated with the person but not worn by the person, e.g. chair, walking stick, bed sensor}
- G08B 21/0476: {Cameras to detect unsafe condition, e.g. video cameras}
- G09B 5/00: Electrically-operated educational appliances (working with questions and answers G09B7/00; simulators G09B9/00; advertising or displaying in general G09F)
- G09B 5/06: with both visual and audible presentation of the material to be studied
- G09B 19/0092: {Nutrition}
- G16H 20/40: relating to mechanical, radiation or invasive therapies, e.g. surgery, laser therapy, dialysis or acupuncture
- G16H 40/63: for local operation
- G16H 40/67: for remote operation
- G16H 50/20: for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems
- H04L 63/0861: {using biometrical features, e.g. fingerprint, retina-scan (cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for entity authentication using biological data H04L9/3231)}
- A61B 5/0205: Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
- A61B 5/024: Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B 5/0531: Measuring skin impedance
- A61B 5/0816: {Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency (measuring frequency of electric signals G01R23/00)}
- A61B 5/1118: {Determining activity level}
- A61B 5/7282: {Event detection, e.g. detecting unique waveforms indicative of a medical condition (cough events A61B5/0823; seizures A61B5/4094; sleep apnoea A61B5/4818)}
- A61B 2560/0475: Special features of memory means, e.g. removable memory cards
- A61B 2562/0219: Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
- A61B 2562/0223: Magnetic field sensors
- A61B 2562/0257: Proximity sensors
- A61B 2576/00: Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis (A61B1/00009, A61B6/52 and A61B8/52 take precedence)
- A61F 2/76: Means for assembling, fitting or testing prostheses, e.g. for measuring or balancing
- A61F 2002/7695: {Means for testing non-implantable prostheses}
- G02C 11/10: {Electronic devices other than hearing aids}
- G06F 2218/00: Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)
- A63B: APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT (apparatus for passive exercising, massage A61H)
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)
- G06V: IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G07C: TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G08B: SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G09B: EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS (devices for psychotechnics or for testing reaction times A61B5/16; games, sports, amusements A63; projectors, projector screens G03B)
- G16H: HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)
- A61F: FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS (dental prosthetics A61C)
- G02C: SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES (trial frames for testing the eyes A61B3/04; goggles or eyeshields not having the same features as spectacles A61F9/00)

## Abstract

A computer-implemented method of detecting physiological attributes of a wearer of a computerized wearable device having one or more sensors comprises (1) using the information from the one or more sensors to assess the physiology of the wearer; and (2) notifying the wearer of the wearer's physiology. In various embodiments, the method involves using the wearable device to determine the wearer's current posture, balance, alertness, and/or physical state and comparing the current posture, balance, alertness and/or physical state to at least one baseline measurement. For example, the system may measure a baseline posture to determine when the wearer's current posture deviates from the baseline posture, and notify the wearer so that the wearer may improve his or her posture. In other embodiments, the computerized wearable device may detect one or more of the wearer's physiological characteristics (e.g., oxygen levels, pulse rate, pupil size, etc.) and determine the wearer's alertness level.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A computerized eyewear comprising:
a. at least one processor;
b. one or more sensors operatively coupled to the at least one processor, the one or more sensors selected from the group consisting of:
i. a gyroscope,
ii. an accelerometer,
iii. a geomagnetic sensor,
iv. a pulse oximeter,
v. a forward facing camera, and
vi. an eye-facing camera;
c. a power source operatively coupled to the at least one processor; and
d. a communication device operatively coupled to the at least one processor;
wherein the computerized eyewear is configured to:
i. receive at least one signal at first time or a first period of time from the one or more sensors;
ii. receive at least one signal at a second time or a second period of time from the one or more sensors;
iii. at least partially in response to receiving the at least one signal at the first time or the first period of time, determine a baseline physiology of the wearer of the computerized eyewear;
iv. utilize the baseline physiology to determine a normal physiology of the wearer;
v. at least partially in response to receiving the at least one signal at the second time or the second period of time, determine a current physiology of the wearer of the computerized eyewear;
vi. at least partially in response to determining the current physiology of the wearer, compare the current physiology of the wearer to the normal physiology of the wearer; and
vii. notify the wearer when the current physiology of the wearer deviates from the normal physiology of the wearer.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The computerized eyewear of claim 1, wherein the current physiology is a current alertness level of the wearer and the normal physiology is a normal alertness level of the wearer.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The computerized eyewear of claim 2, wherein
a. the one or more sensors comprises an accelerometer;
b. the computerized eyewear is further configured to:
i. receive a signal from the accelerometer;
ii. determine a current head position of the wearer at least partially based on the received signal from the accelerometer; and
iii. compare the current head position of the wearer to a baseline head position of the wearer.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The computerized eyewear of claim 2, wherein
a. the one or more sensors comprises a pulse oximeter;
b. the computerized eyewear is further configured to:
i. receive a signal from the pulse oximeter;
ii. determine a current oxygen level of the wearer at least partially based on the received signal from the pulse oximeter; and
iii. compare the current oxygen level of the wearer to a baseline oxygen level of the wearer.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The computerized eyewear of claim 4, wherein
a. the one or more sensors further comprises a camera;
b. the computerized eyewear is further configured to:
i. capture at least one image by the camera;
ii. at least partially in response to capturing the at least one image, analyzing the at least one image to determine a current head position of the wearer;
iii. compare the current head position of the wearer to a baseline head position of the wearer;
iv. at least partially in response to comparing (a) the current oxygen level of the wearer to the base line oxygen level of the wear, and (b) the current head position of the wearer to the baseline head position of the wearer, determining the current alertness level of the wearer; and
v. notifying the wearer of the wearer's current alertness level.

### Claim 6 (depends on 4)

The computerized eyewear of claim 4, wherein
a. the one or more sensors further comprises an eye-facing camera; and
b. the computerized eyewear is further configured to:
i. capture at least one image by the eye-facing camera;
ii. at least partially in response to capturing the at least one image, analyze the at least one image to determine a current pupil size of the wearer;
iii. compare the current pupil size of the wearer to a baseline pupil size of the wearer;
iv. at least partially in response to comparing (a) the current oxygen level of the wearer to the baseline oxygen level of the wear, and (b) the current pupil size of the wearer to the baseline pupil size of the wearer, determining the current alertness level of the wearer; and
v. notify the wearer of the wearer's current alertness level.

### Claim 7 (depends on 2)

The computerized eyewear of claim 2, wherein
a. the one or more sensors comprises a gyroscope; and
b. the computerized eyewear is further configured to:
i. receive one or more signals from the gyroscope;
ii. determine a current pitch, roll, and yaw of the wearer's head at least partially based on the received one or more signals from the gyroscope; and
iii. compare the current pitch, roll, and/or yaw of the wearer's head to a baseline pitch, roll, and/or yaw of the wearer's head.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The computerized eyewear of claim 7, wherein the computerized eyewear is further configured to determine the current posture of the wearer at least partially based on the current pitch, roll, and yaw of the wearer's head.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The computerized eyewear of claim 8, wherein the computerized eyewear is further configured to notify the wearer when the current pitch, roll, and/or yaw deviates from the baseline pitch, roll, and yaw by a predetermined amount.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The computerized eyewear of claim 9, wherein
a. the one or more sensors further comprises a pulse oximeter; and
b. the computerized eyewear is further configured to:
i. receive a signal from the pulse oximeter;
ii. determine a current oxygen level of the wearer at least partially based on the received signal from the pulse oximeter;
iii. compare the current oxygen level of the wearer to a baseline oxygen level of the wearer; and
iv. determine an alertness level of the wearer at least partially based on the current pitch, roll, and/or yaw of the wearer's head and the current oxygen level of the wearer.

### Claim 11 (depends on 2)

The computerized eyewear of claim 2, wherein
a. the one or more sensors further comprises a blink rate sensor; and
b. the computerized eyewear is further configured to:
i. receive a signal from the blink rate sensor;
ii. determine a current blink rate of the wearer at least partially based on the received signal from the blink rate sensor;
iii. compare the current blink rate of the wearer to a baseline blink rate of the wearer;
iv. determine whether the blink rate is below a particular blink rate threshold value; and
v. at least partially in response to determining that the blink rate is below the particular blink rate threshold value, convey an alert to the wearer or other individual.

### Claim 12

A computerized eyewear comprising:
a. a frame;
b. one or more temples coupled to the frame;
c. at least one processor operatively coupled to one of the frame or the one or more temples;
d. memory operatively coupled to the at least one processor;
e. one or more sensors operatively coupled to the at least one processor and at least partially embedded in one of the frame or the one or more temples, the one or more sensors selected from the group consisting of:
i. a gyroscope,
ii. an accelerometer,
iii. a geomagnetic sensor,
iv. a pulse oximeter,
v. a forward facing camera, and
vi. an eye-facing camera;
f. a power source operatively coupled to the at least one processor; and
g. a communication device operatively coupled to the at least one processor;
wherein the computerized eyewear is configured to:
i. determine a baseline physiology of the wearer;
ii. store the baseline physiology in memory;
iii. determine a normal physiology of the wearer based on the baseline physiology;
iv. receive at least one signal from the one or more sensors on the computerized wearable device;
v. at least partially in response to receiving the at least one signal, determine a current physiology of the wearer of the computerized eyewear;
vi. at least partially in response to determining the current physiology of the wearer, compare the current physiology of the wearer to the normal physiology of the wearer; and
vii. notify the wearer when the current physiology of the wearer differs from the normal physiology of the wearer.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The computerized eyewear of claim 12, wherein:
a. the one or more sensors comprises an eye-facing camera; and
b. the determining a current physiology of the wearer of the computerized eyewear further comprises:
i. capturing one or more images by the eye-facing camera;
ii. at least partially in response to capturing the one or more images, analyzing the one or more images to determine a current eye physiology of the wearer; and
iii. comparing the current eye physiology to the normal physiology of the wearer.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The computerized eyewear of claim 13, wherein the difference between the current eye physiology and the normal physiology indicates that the wearer sustained a concussion.

### Claim 15 (depends on 13)

The computerized eyewear of claim 13, wherein the current eye physiology is one or more eye characteristics selected from a group consisting of:
a. pupil size;
b. eye movement; and
c. eye position.

### Claim 16 (depends on 13)

The computerized eyewear of claim 13, wherein a current alertness of the wearer is at least partially determined based on a difference between the current eye physiology and the normal physiology.

### Claim 17 (depends on 12)

The computerized eyewear of claim 12, wherein:
a. the one or more sensors comprises an accelerometer; and
b. the computerized eyewear is further configured to:
i. receive a signal from the accelerometer;
ii. determine a current head position of the wearer at least partially based on the received signal from the accelerometer; and
iii. compare the current head position of the wearer to the normal physiology of the wearer.

### Claim 18 (depends on 12)

The computerized eyewear of claim 12, wherein:
a. the one or more sensors comprises a pulse oximeter;
b. the step of determining a current physiology of the wearer of the computerized eyewear further comprises determining a current oxygen level of the wearer at least partially based on the received signal; and
c. the step of comparing the current physiology of the wearer to the baseline physiology of the wearer further comprises comparing the current oxygen level to the normal physiology.