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US 10,295,684 B2Granted
Systems and methods for constructing clean stratigraphic seismic traces to enhance interpretation of geological faults
AssigneeLandmark Graphics Corporation
InventorKees W Rutten
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Systems and methods for constructing clean stratigraphic seismic traces to enhance interpretation of geological faults using diagnostic displays, diagnostic tools, and fault quality validation techniques.
Claims38
A computer implemented method, comprising:
- a) selecting, by a processor, a first seismic trace beyond a seismic trace gap from a plurality of seismic traces collected parallel to a side of a seed fault;
- b) calculating, by the processor, cross-correlation coefficients for the selected first seismic trace with a next seismic trace for a predetermined number of vertical shifts up and down;
- c) applying, by the processor, a parabolic curve fit to each cross-correlation coefficient to generate I) a sub-sample shift between the selected first seismic trace and the next seismic trace, and II) a score determined using a value of a peak of a parabola generated based on the parabolic curve fit;
- d) accumulating, by the processor, the sub-sample shift(s) between the selected first seismic trace and the next seismic trace;
- e) selecting, by the processor, the next seismic trace beyond the seismic trace gap from the plurality of collected seismic traces;
- f) repeating, by the processor, steps b) through e) for each remaining seismic trace of the plurality of collected seismic traces until the score is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold and there are no more seismic traces in the plurality of collected seismic traces, and wherein the score becoming less than or equal to the predetermined threshold is an indication that an optimum shift has been determined;
- g) extrapolating, by the processor, the accumulated sub-sample shifts across the seismic trace gap back to the seed fault to form a line or a surface on the side of the seed fault and beyond the seismic trace gap;
- h) transforming, using the processor, the plurality of collected seismic traces into a clean stratigraphic seismic trace, the transformation including overlapping at least two collected seismic traces of the plurality of collected seismic traces, the at least two collected seismic traces being overlapped along the line or surface of the seed fault, and the overlapping causing a transparent overlay to be generated;
- i) displaying a fault diagnostic display on a screen, the fault diagnostic display including the clean stratigraphic seismic trace and the transparent overlay, the displayed transparent overlay replacing the seed fault with a new fault location of one or more geological faults, the new fault location enhancing a visibility of the one or more geological faults displayed on the screen by reducing a positional uncertainty of the one or more geological faults, wherein the transformation by the processor causes the clean stratigraphic seismic trace to have a lower signal-to-noise ratio than the plurality of seismic traces collected;
- and
- j) displaying a wireline well log using the clean stratigraphic seismic trace.
8 more elements
A non-transitory program carrier device tangibly carrying computer executable instructions for creating clean stratigraphic seismic traces, the instructions being executable to implement:
- a) selecting a first seismic trace beyond a seismic trace gap from a plurality of seismic traces collected parallel to a side of a seed fault;
- b) calculating cross-correlation coefficients for the selected first seismic trace with a next seismic trace for a predetermined number of vertical shifts up and down;
- c) applying a parabolic curve fit to each cross-correlation coefficient to generate I) a sub-sample shift between the selected first seismic trace and the next seismic trace, and II) a score determined using a value of a peak of a parabola generated based on the parabolic curve fit;
- d) accumulating the sub-sample shift(s) between the selected seismic trace and the next seismic trace;
- e) selecting the next seismic trace beyond the seismic trace gap from the plurality of collected seismic traces;
- f) repeating steps b) through e) for each remaining seismic trace of the plurality of collected seismic traces until the score is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold and there are no more seismic traces in the plurality of collected seismic traces, and wherein the score becoming less than or equal to the predetermined threshold is an indication that an optimum shift has been determined;
- g) extrapolating, by a processor, the accumulated sub-sample shifts across the seismic trace gap back to the seed fault to formula line or a surface, on the side of the seed fault and beyond the seismic trace gap;
- h) transforming, using the processor, the plurality of collected seismic traces into a clean stratigraphic seismic trace, the transformation including overlapping at least two collected seismic traces of the plurality of collected seismic traces, the at least two collected seismic traces being overlapped along the line or surface of the seed fault, and the overlapping causing a transparent overlay to be generated;
- i) displaying a fault diagnostic display on a screen, the fault diagnostic display including a clean stratigraphic seismic trace and the transparent overlay, the transparent overlay replacing the seed fault with a new fault location of one or more geological faults, the new fault location enhancing a visibility of the one or more geological faults displayed on the screen by reducing a positional uncertainty of the one or more geographical faults, wherein the transformation by the processor causes the clean stratigraphic seismic trace to have a lower signal-to-noise ratio than the plurality of seismic traces collected;
- and
- j) displaying a wireline well log using the clean stratigraphic seismic trace.
8 more elements
A non-transitory program carrier device tangibly carrying computer executable instructions for creating clean stratigraphic seismic traces, the instructions being executable to implement:
- a) selecting a first seismic trace beyond a seismic trace gap from a plurality of seismic traces collected parallel to a side of a seed fault;
- b) calculating cross-correlation coefficients for the selected first seismic trace with a next seismic trace for a predetermined number of vertical shifts up and down;
- c) applying a parabolic curve fit to each cross-correlation coefficient to generate I) a sub-sample shift between the selected first seismic trace and the next seismic trace, and II) a score determined using a value of a peak of a parabola generated based on the parabolic curve fit;
- d) accumulating the sub-sample shift(s) between the selected seismic trace and the next seismic trace;
- e) selecting the next seismic trace beyond the seismic trace gap from the plurality of collected seismic traces;
- f) repeating steps b) through e) for each remaining seismic trace of the plurality of collected seismic traces until the score is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold and there are no more seismic traces in the plurality of collected seismic traces, and wherein the score becoming less than or equal to the predetermined threshold is an indication that an optimum shift has been determined;
- g) extrapolating, by a processor, the accumulated sub-sample shifts across the seismic trace gap back to the seed fault to form a line or a surface;
- h) transforming, using the processor, the plurality of collected seismic traces into a clean stratigraphic seismic trace, the transformation including overlapping at least two collected seismic traces of the plurality of collected seismic traces, the at least two collected seismic traces being overlapped along the line or surface of the seed fault, and the overlapping causing a transparent overlay to be generated;
- i) displaying a fault diagnostic display on a screen, the fault diagnostic display including a clean stratigraphic seismic trace and the transparent overlay, the transparent overlay replacing the seed fault with a new fault location of one or more geological faults, the new fault location enhancing a visibility of the one or more geological faults displayed on the screen by reducing a positional uncertainty of the one or more geological faults, wherein the transformation by the processor causes the clean stratigraphic seismic trace to have a lower signal-to-noise ratio than the plurality of seismic traces collected;
- j) repeating steps a) through i) for another plurality of seismic races collected on another side of the seed fault;
- and
- (k) displaying a wireline well log using the clean stratigraphic seismic trace.
9 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.