Vehicle operating element and method for noninvasively measuring biomolecules

A vehicle operating element (12) comprising at least one sensor (14) for non-invasive measurement of biomolecules in the blood of an operator of the vehicle operating element (12) by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, comprising at least one antenna (16) which includes at least a first conductive layer (52), a second conductive layer (36), an insulating layer (40b, 48a) being sandwiched between the second and first conductive layers (36, 52), and a third conductive layer (42) electrically coupled to the first or second conductive layer (52, 36) and forming a connecting layer (53) with the electrically coupled first or second conductive layer (52, 36),

• wherein the conductive layers of the connecting layer (53) are spaced apart from each other and the second or first conductive layer (36, 52) is sandwiched between the conductive layers of the connecting layer (53), and
• wherein by means of the first conductive layer (52) and/or the second conductive layer (36) an excitation signal is coupled out and an off-resonance excitation signal is coupled into the antenna (16).