# US 10,246,659 B2 · Unleaded aviation fuel

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- Number: US 10,246,659 B2
- Document ID: US10246659B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/688,000
- Filed: 2017-08-28
- Published: 2019-02-28
- Granted: 2019-04-02
- Earliest claimed: 2017-08-28
- Assignees: LANXESS Deutschland GmbH
- Applicants: LANXESS Deutschland GmbH
- Inventors: Alexander Henseler; Torsten Hauschild
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10246659B2

## CPC

- C10L 1/223: having at least one amino group bound to an aromatic carbon atom {(C10L1/221, C10L1/2227 take precedence)}
- C10L 1/06: for spark ignition
- C10L 1/1608: {Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene}
- C10L 10/10: for improving the octane number
- C10L 2270/04: for turbines, planes, power generation
- C10L: FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS

## Abstract

The present invention relates to an aviation gasoline composition, its production and its use in a reciprocating spark ignition aircraft engine.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A lead-free aviation gasoline composition having a high motor octane number and low freezing temperature, the gasoline comprising:
(a) about forty-five percent (45%) to about sixty-five percent (65%) by weight of at least one unleaded gasoline base fuel having a motor octane number of between ninety-seven (97) and ninety-nine point nine (99.9);
(b) about ten percent (10%) to about thirty-five percent (35%) by weight of one or more alkylated benzenes;
(c) about six percent (6%) to about twelve percent (12%) by weight, collectively, of one or more of iso-pentane, n-butane, and iso-butane; and
(d) about four percent (4%) to about fifteen percent (15%) by weight aromatic-amines, said aromatic amines comprising N-methyl-p-toluidine in combination with at least one of N-methyl-m-toluidine and m-Toluidine, and a ratio of N-methyl-p-toluidine to the at least one of N-methyl-m-toluidine and m-Toluidine is about four to one (4:1) to twelve to one (12:1);
wherein the gasoline has a freezing point of −58° C. or lower.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 1, wherein the ratio is about four to one (4:1) to nine to one (9:1), by weight.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The aviation gasoline (a) as set forth in claim 1, wherein the gasoline comprises about six percent (6%) to about fifteen percent (15%) by weight of the aromatic amines.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 1, wherein the aromatic amines further comprise N,N-dimethylated-p-toluidine.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 4, wherein the amount of N,N-dimethylated-p-toluidine does not exceed 5 wt. % of the aromatic amines.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 1, wherein the unleaded gasoline base fuel has a motor octane number of about ninety-eight (98).

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

A method for manufacture of the aviation fuel composition according to claim 1, the method comprising blending together components (a), (b), (c), and (d).

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

A method for operating a spark ignition aircraft engine, the method comprising introducing the aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 into a spark ignition aircraft engine and combusting the gasoline in the engine.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 1, wherein component (d) comprises about four percent (4%) to about fifteen percent (15%) by weight of N-methyl-p-toluidine in combination with both N-methyl-m-toluidine and m-toluidine.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 1, wherein component (d) comprises about four percent (4%) to about fifteen percent (15%) by weight of N-methyl-p-toluidine in combination with N-methyl-m-toluidine.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 9, wherein the ratio of N-methyl-p-toluidine to N-methyl-m-toluidine is 8:1 to 9:1.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 1, wherein component (d) comprises about four percent (4%) to about fifteen percent (15%) by weight of N-methyl-p-toluidine in combination with m-Toluidine.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 12, wherein the ratio of N-methyl-p-toluidine to m-toluidine is 4:1.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 1, wherein the alkylated benzenes comprise mono- di- or trialkylated benzenes, and the gasoline comprises about fifteen percent (15%) to about thirty percent (30%) by weight of the alkylated benzenes.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 14, wherein the alkylated benzenes are selected from the group consisting of xylenes, ethyl benzene, toluene, and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, and mixtures thereof.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 15, wherein:
component (a) has a motor octane number of 88 to 99.9;
component (b) is m-xylene or 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene or a mixture thereof; and
component (c) is isopentane.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 16, wherein the gasoline comprises about six percent (6%) to about fifteen percent (15%) by weight of component (d), and 0.01 wt % to 5 wt % of component (d) is N,N-dimethylated-p-toluidine.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 17, wherein component (d) comprises N-methyl-p-toluidine in combination with both N-methyl-m-toluidine and m-toluidine.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 17, wherein component (d) comprises N-methyl-p-toluidine in combination with N-methyl-m-toluidine.

### Claim 20 (depends on 17)

The aviation gasoline as set forth in claim 17, wherein component (d) comprises N-methyl-p-toluidine in combination with m-Toluidine.