# US 10,246,595 B2 · Combinatorial materials architecture and process for textiles and related applications > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,246,595 B2 - Document ID: US10246595B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/609,345 - Filed: 2015-01-29 - Published: 2015-07-30 - Granted: 2019-04-02 - Earliest claimed: 2014-01-29 - Assignees: NanoMech, Inc. - Applicants: Parash Kalita - Inventors: Parash Kalita - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10246595B2 ## CPC - C09D 5/18: Fireproof paints {including high temperature resistant paints} - C09D 5/14: Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides (C09D5/16 takes precedence) - C09D 5/38: Paints containing free metal not provided for above in groups C09D5/00 - C09D5/36 - C09D 7/67: {Particle size smaller than 100 nm} - C09K 21/04: containing phosphorus - C09K 21/12: containing phosphorus - Y10T 428/256: Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof - C09D: COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR (cosmetics A61K; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general, B05D; staining wood B27K5/02; glazes or vitreous enamels C03C; natural resins, French polish, drying-oils, driers, turpentine, per se, C09F; polishing compositions other than French polish, ski waxes C09G; adhesives or use of materials as adhesives C09J; materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K3/10; materials for stopping leaks C09K3/12; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings C25D) - C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract A multifunctional material composition functioning as a halogen-free flame-retardant finish combined with in certain implementations one or both of antimicrobial and insect-repellant is nanomanufactured by the absorption/adsorption of metallic salts with one or more additional compounds by inorganic crystallites. The identity of the additional compounds is determined by the desired functionality of the substrate. The material composition can be chemically and mechanically applied to substrates (e.g. to cotton, nylon, and polyester based textile fabrics), for example, to yield durable antimicrobial, insecticidal, and environmentally friendly flame retardant materials. The addition of nano-scale metallic deposits to a phosphorous-rich and nitrogen-rich architecture complex improves the flame retardant properties of the substrates. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A treated, flame-retardant substrate material complex, the complex consisting essentially of: a. a plurality of inorganic crystallites, each having a surface, wherein the plurality of inorganic crystallites comprises at least one of (a) a plurality of phosphorous-containing crystallites and (b) a plurality of nitrogen-containing crystallites; and b. a plurality of functional particles deposited on the surface of at least a portion of the plurality of inorganic crystallites, wherein the functional particles comprise a plurality of metallic deposits, wherein a portion of the surface of the inorganic crystallites remains uncovered and further wherein a portion of the surface of the inorganic crystallites is in direct contact with another of the inorganic crystallites. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The substrate of claim 1, wherein the metallic deposits comprise one or more of copper, silver, aluminum, nickel, chromium, and cobalt. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The substrate of claim 2, wherein the metallic deposits comprise one or more of copper and silver. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The substrate of claim 3, wherein at least a first subset of the plurality of metallic deposits comprise copper and at least a second subset of the plurality of metallic composites comprise silver. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The substrate of claim 4, wherein the phosphorous-containing crystallites and nitrogen-containing crystallites are sized within a range of 0.2-100 microns. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The substrate of claim 1, wherein the metallic deposits are within a size range of 5-100 nanometers. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The substrate of claim 1, wherein the phosphorous-containing material is one or more of ammonium polyphosphate-long chain, ammonium polyphosphate-short chain, melamine polyphosphate, and melamine pyrophosphate. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The substrate of claim 1, wherein application of a flame to the composite architecture will result in the formation of a char layer. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The substrate of claim 1, wherein the functional particles further comprise one or more of C6 fluorocarbon and PTFE. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The substrate of claim 1, wherein the functional particles further comprise permethrin deposits. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The substrate of claim 10, wherein the permethrin deposits are of size greater than 10 nm. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The substrate of claim 1, wherein the base substrate comprises synthetic, semi-synthetic, or non-synthetic (natural) materials. ### Claim 13 A substrate comprising a composite architecture material complex, the composite architecture complex consisting essentially of: a. a phosphorous-containing material comprising a plurality of phosphorous-containing micro-crystallites; b. a nitrogen-containing material comprising a plurality of nitrogen-containing micro-crystallites; and c. a plurality of nano-scale metallic deposits randomly distributed on the phosphorous-containing micro-crystallites and the nitrogen-containing micro-crystallites, wherein at least some of the phosphorous-containing micro-crystallites and the nitrogen-containing micro-crystallites are in direct contact with each other within the composite architectural material complex. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The substrate of claim 13, wherein the nano-scale metallic deposits comprise one or more of copper deposits and silver deposits. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The substrate of claim 13, wherein the metallic deposits are between 5 and 100 nm in size. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The substrate of claim 15, wherein the metallic deposits are non-uniform in size. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The substrate of claim 16, wherein the metallic deposits are non-uniform in shape. ### Claim 18 (depends on 13) The substrate of claim 13, wherein the substrate comprises one or more of cotton, poly-cotton, nylon, cellulose, and a polymer.