# US 10,245,960 B2 · Electric power converter device

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- Number: US 10,245,960 B2
- Document ID: US10245960B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/072,750
- Filed: 2016-03-17
- Published: 2017-09-21
- Granted: 2019-04-02
- Earliest claimed: 2016-03-17
- Assignees: DENSO International America, Inc.
- Applicants: DENSO International America, Inc.
- Inventors: Kenji Ochi
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10245960B2

## CPC

- B60L 53/20: characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L 53/126: Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
- H02J 7/02: for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
- H02J 7/90: Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J 50/10: using inductive coupling
- H02M 3/158: including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M 3/1582: {Buck-boost converters (H02M3/1584 takes precedence)}
- H02J 50/80: involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
- H02J 50/90: involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
- H02J 2207/20: Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
- H02M 1/007: {Plural converter units in cascade (push-pull DC/DC converters with pre-regulator H02M3/3374; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC stage including a high frequency transformer H02M7/4807; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC conversion stage generating periodically varying voltages H02M7/4826)}
- Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
- Y02T 10/7072: Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
- Y02T 90/12: Electric charging stations
- Y02T 90/14: Plug-in electric vehicles
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P)
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

An electric power converter device for charging a battery in a vehicle may include a power factor converter, a DC-to-DC converter, and a bypass switch. The power factor converter receives a DC power from a power source and increases a voltage level of the DC power. The DC-to-DC converter is operable to decrease the voltage of the DC power from the power factor converter. The bypass switch is operable to electrically couple a power output device to one of the power factor converter or the DC-to-DC converter such that the electrical power provided by the power output device to the battery is based on one of a voltage output of the power factor converter or a voltage output of the DC-to-DC converter.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An electric power converter device for charging a battery in a vehicle, the electric power converter device comprising:
a power factor converter receiving a direct current DC power from a power source, wherein the power factor converter increases a voltage level of the DC power;
a DC-to-DC converter electrically coupled to the power factor converter and operable to decrease the voltage of the DC power from the power factor converter;
a power output device configured to provide electrical power to the battery in the vehicle;
a bypass switch operable to electrically couple the power output device to one of the power factor converter or the DC-to-DC converter such that the electrical power provided by the power output device to the battery is based on one of a voltage output of the power factor converter or a voltage output of the DC-to-DC converter; and
a controller configured to switch the bypass switch between a first state, whereby the bypass switch electrically couples the power output device to the DC-to-DC converter, and a second state, whereby the bypass switch electrically couples the power output device to the power factor converter.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The electric power converter device of claim 1 further comprising:
an AC-to-DC power converter operable to convert alternating current from a power supply to direct current DC power, wherein the power factor converter is electrically coupled to the AC-to-DC power converter and the AC-to-DC power converter, as the power source, supplies the DC power to the power factor converter.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The electric power converter device of claim 1, wherein:
the controller is configured to operate the bypass switch based on a current output voltage of the power factor converter and a desired output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter, wherein:
when the current output voltage of the power factor converter is greater than the desired output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter, the controller operates the bypass switch in the first state to electrically couple the DC-to-DC converter to the power output device, and
when the current output voltage of the power factor converter is less than the desired output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter, the controller operates the bypass switch in the second state to electrically couple the power factor converter to the power output device.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The electric power converter device of claim 1 wherein:
the power factor converter is operable in a first mode and a second mode based on a desired output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter,
in the first mode, the power factor converter outputs a constant voltage, and
in the second mode, the power factor converter outputs a variable voltage dependent on the desired output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The electric power converter device of claim 1 wherein:
the power output device includes an inverter that is electrically coupled to a transmitting coil of a wireless power transfer system,
the inverter supplies an alternating current that is based on one of the voltage output of the power factor converter or the voltage output of the DC-to-DC converter to the transmitting coil, and
the transmitting coil induces a voltage in a receiving coil positioned in the vehicle in response to receiving the alternating current.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The electric power converter device of claim 5, wherein:
the controller is configured to operate the bypass switch based on a current output voltage of the power factor converter and a desired output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter, wherein:
in the event the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are aligned, the controller sets the desired output voltage of the DC-to-DC to a first desired output voltage,
in the event the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are misaligned, the controller sets the desired output voltage of the DC-to-DC to a second desired output voltage that is greater than the first desired output voltage,
the controller operates the bypass switch in the first state to electrically couple the DC-to-DC converter to the power output device when the desired output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter is set to the first desired output voltage, and
the controller operates the bypass switch in the second state to electrically couple the power factor converter to the power output device when the desired output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter is set to the second desired output voltage.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The electric power converter device of claim 1 wherein the power output device includes an isolated DC-to-DC converter, and the power output device is configured to electrically couple to the battery of the vehicle by way of a cable.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The electric power converter device of claim 1 wherein:
the power factor converter includes a mode selection switch that is operable in a first mode or a second mode,
in the first mode, the mode selection switch is driven by a first drive signal having a first duty cycle and the power factor converter outputs a first voltage level that is constant, and
in the second mode, the mode selection switch is driven by a second drive signal having a second duty cycle that is greater than the first duty cycle and the power factor converter outputs a second voltage level that is dependent on a desired output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter and is greater than the first voltage level.

### Claim 9

An electric power converter device for charging a battery in a vehicle, the electric power converter device comprising:
an AC-to-DC power converter operable to convert alternating current from a power source to direct current DC power;
a power factor converter PFC electrically coupled to the AC-to-DC power converter and configured to increase a voltage level of the DC power to a first voltage output;
a DC-to-DC converter electrically coupled to the power factor converter and configured to decrease the DC power from the power factor converter from the first voltage output to a second voltage output;
a power output device configured to provide electrical power to the battery in the vehicle;
a bypass switch operable to electrically couple the power output device to one of the power factor converter or the DC-to-DC converter such that the electrical power outputted by the power output device is based on one of the first voltage output or the second voltage output; and
a controller configured to control the electrical power supplied to the battery via the bypass switch, wherein the controller operates the bypass switch based on a current output voltage of the power factor converter and a desired DC-to-DC output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter and switches the bypass switch between a first state, whereby the bypass switch electrically couples the power output device to the DC-to-DC converter, and a second state, whereby the bypass switch electrically couples the power output device to the power factor converter.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The electric power converter device of claim 9 wherein:
the controller operates the bypass switch in the first state to electrically couple the DC-to-DC converter to the power output device when the current output voltage of the power factor converter is greater than the desired DC-to-DC output voltage, and
the controller operates the bypass switch in the second state to electrically couple the power factor converter to the power output device when the current output voltage of the power factor converter is less than the desired DC-to-DC output voltage.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The electric power converter device of claim 9 wherein:
the power factor converter includes a mode selection switch operable by the controller based on the desired DC-to-DC output voltage and the current output voltage of the power factor converter,
the controller operates the mode selection switch in a first mode when the current output voltage of the power factor converter is greater than the desired DC-to-DC output voltage, and
the controller operates the mode selection switch is a second mode when the current output voltage of the power factor converter is less than the desired DC-to-DC output voltage.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The electric power converter device of claim 11 wherein:
in the first mode, the mode selection switch is driven by a first drive signal having a first duty cycle to have the power factor converter output a constant voltage level as the first voltage output, and
in the second mode, the mode selection switch is driven by a second drive signal having a second duty cycle that is greater than the first duty cycle to have the power factor converter output a second voltage level, as the first voltage output, the second voltage level is dependent on the desired DC-to-DC output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter and greater than the constant voltage level.

### Claim 13 (depends on 9)

The electric power converter device of claim 9 wherein:
the power factor converter includes a mode selection switch to control the first voltage output,
the DC-to-DC converter includes a DCDC switch to control the second voltage output,
the controller is configured to operate the mode selection switch in one of a first mode or a second mode based on the desired DC-to-DC output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter and the current output voltage of the power factor converter,
the controller operates the bypass switch and the DCDC switch based on the current output voltage of power factor converter and the desired DC-to-DC output voltage,
the controller operates the mode selection switch in the first mode, operates the bypass switch to electrically couple the DC-to-DC converter to the power output device, and operates the DCDC switch to output the second voltage output when the current output voltage of the power factor converter is greater than the desired DC-to-DC output voltage, and
the controller operates the mode selection switch in the second mode and operates the bypass switch to electrically couple the power factor converter to the power output device when the current output voltage of the power factor converter is less than the desired DC-to-DC output voltage.

### Claim 14 (depends on 9)

The electric power converter device of claim 9 wherein the power output device includes an isolated DC-to-DC converter, and the power output device is configured to electrically couple to the battery of the vehicle by way of a cable.

### Claim 15 (depends on 9)

The electric power converter device of claim 9:
the power output device includes an inverter that is electrically coupled to a transmitting coil of a wireless power transfer system,
the inverter supplies an alternating current that is based on the first voltage output of the power factor converter or the second voltage output of the DC-to-DC converter to the transmitting coil, and
the transmitting coil induces a voltage in a receiving coil positioned in the vehicle in response to receiving the alternating current.

### Claim 16 (depends on 9)

The electric power converter device of claim 9 wherein the controller determines the desired DC-to-DC output voltage based on at least one of a state of charge of the battery, a voltage level of the battery, and an electrical current output of the battery.